| 释义 |
jujube|ˈdʒuːdʒuːb|
Also 7 jejub, 7–8 jujub, 8 jujeb. Also 4–8 in L. form jujuba.
[a. F. jujube, or med.L. (and Sp.) jujuba, a much altered form of Gr. ζίζυϕον. In cl.Latin, this was duly reproduced in Columella and Palladius by zizyphum (the fruit), zizyphus (the tree); these appear to have passed in late pop. L. and Romanic through zizipum, -us, zizupum, -us (cf. Appendix Probi, ed. Heræus, 1899, ‘zizipus non zizupus’), *zizubum, -us, to *zuzubo, zuzibo, whence (with the frequent change of z to j, and use of the neuter-pl. in -a in fruit-names as a fem. sing.) Old Aretine dial. of It. giuggebo (= jujebo) the tree, giuggeba the fruit, and med.L. jujuba, F. jujube. The forms jujeb and jejub come nearer to Old Aretine giuggeba and vulgar L. zizubum.]
1. An edible berry-like drupe, the fruit of various species of Zizyphus (family Rhamnaceæ).
c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 74 Take a potel of water of barly clensid iiij. ℥. Iuiube, sebesten ana .℥. fs. [etc.]. Ibid. 182 Colre schal be purgid in þis maner..sebesten .xv. in noumbre, iuiubas .xx. [etc.]. c1550Lloyd Treas. Health lxxxiii. (1585) Y ij b, Take of Violettes .℥iii, of iuiubes, and of the iiii. cold sedes before namyd. 1586Baker Traheron's Vigo 441 Iuiube are fruits, which the Latines call zizipha. 1600J. Pory tr. Leo's Africa i. 22 Damson-trees, sallowes by the waters side, and trees of Iuiubas. 1605Timme Quersit. iii. 181 Take..of alkakeng berries, twenty in number; of iuiubes six couple. 1641French Distill. ii. (1651) 57 Adde..the best Jujubs, the kernels taken out, half a pound. 1664Power Exp. Philos. i. 18 The Mites, in Jujubes and Sebesten's. Ibid. 19 Jejub's and Sebesten's. 1712tr. Pomet's Hist. Drugs I. 134 The Jujubs are the Fruit of a Tree which grows commonly in Provence. 1718Quincy Compl. Disp. 134 Jujebs are an Italian Fruit. 1835Thirlwall Greece I. vi. 212 The Lotus-eaters—whose favourite fruit still grows, under the name of the jujube, on the same coast. 1858Carpenter Veg. Phys. §557 This..known under the name of the jujube, is a favorite dessert in Italy and Spain.
b. Any of the species of Zizyphus which produce this fruit, as Z. vulgaris of the Mediterranean countries, Z. Jujuba of China, Z. Lotus of N. Africa.
1562Turner Herbal ii. 37 a, Cypros is a tre in Egypt wyth leaues of iuiuba. 1682Wheler Journ. Greece i. 73 A kind of Juiuba, whose leaves shine like silver. 1759tr. Adanson's Voy. Senegal 49 He was sitting on the sand, under the shade of a jujube. 1885A. Brassey The Trades 99 Over our heads waved..cocoanuts, breadfruits, jujubes, and hundreds of others.
2. A lozenge, made of gum-arabic, gelatin, etc., flavoured with, or in imitation of, the fruit (sense 1).
1835[Remembered by Rev. C. B. Mount]. 1858Simmonds Dict. Trade 210/2 The term jujube is..very generally applied by chemists and confectioners to a thickened mucilaginous lozenge. 1866Treas. Bot. 1251/2 The dried fruits..are given to allay cough. The lozenges sold as Jujubes are commonly but erroneously said to be flavoured with them.
3. attrib. and Comb., as jujube paste, a jelly made from jujubes, or a confection flavoured with, or in imitation of, them; jujube-plum = sense 1; jujube-tree = sense 1 b.
1858Hogg Veget. Kingd. 235 *Jujube paste..should consist of gum arabic and sugar dissolved in a decoction of this fruit..but as made in this country the fruit forms no part of the ingredient.
1884J. Payne 1001 Nights VIII. 70 *Jujube-plums of various colours.
1548Turner Names of Herbes 82 Zizypha..maye be called in english *Iuiuba tree. 1578Lyte Dodoens vi. xlix. 722 This tree is called..in English, the Iuiub tree. 1879E. Arnold Lt. Asia v. (1881) 110 Under dark mangoes and the jujube-trees. 1887C. A. Moloney Foresty W. Afr. 299 Jujube or Ber Tree..A loosely-branched tree or shrub, ten to forty feet high. |