| 释义 |
▪ I. jug, n.1|dʒʌg|
1. A pet name or familiar substitute for the feminine name Joan, or Joanna; applied as a common noun to a homely woman, maid-servant, sweetheart, or mistress; or as a term of disparagement. Now rare.[Like Suke, Suky = Susan (Sue), Jack, Jacky = John, and other similar formations, this was prob. partly phonetic, partly a playful perversion. Forms app. related or parallel are the masculine Jagge, Jegge = Jack; Juggin, beside Jankin, Jenkin, Junkin, Jackin; Juck in Juckson, Juxon; all ultimately from John. (See E. W. B. Nicholson Pedigree of Jack, 1892.)] 1569Preston Cambyses in Hazl. Dodsley IV. 183 Ruff. I will give thee sixpence to lie one night with thee. Mer. Gogs heart, slave, dost thou think I am a sixpenny jug? 1594Knack to know a knave ibid. VI. 511 Then comes a soldier counterfeit, and with him was his jug. 1605Shakes. Lear i. iv. 245 Foole..Whoop Iugge I loue thee. 1611Cotgr., Iannette, Iug, Iinnie (a woman's name). Ibid., Iehannette, Iug, or Iinnie. 1631R. Brathwait Whimzies, Launderer 59 She..will not wet her hand lest shee spoyle the graine of her skinne: Mistris Joan ha's quite forgot that shee was once jugge. 1632Rowley Woman never vexed i. in Hazl. Dodsley XII. 115 Clown [to Joan] Bring him away, Jug. 1707S. Centlivre Platon. Lady 111, But hark ye, don't you marry that ill-manner'd Jug, the Relict of a cheating old rogue. 1830Monk Bentley xv. 424 Joanna..was his favourite child:..having received from him the fondling appellation of Jug in her infancy, she continued to be called Jug Bentley, as long as she remained unmarried.
2. As the second element in local names of various small birds, as bank-jug, the chiffchaff, also the willow warbler; hedge-jug, the long-tailed titmouse. [But cf. jug n.3]
1881Leicestersh. Gloss., Jugg, and Juggy, a diminutive of Joan or Jane... It is now, I believe, exclusively applied to sundry small birds. 1885Swainson Prov. Names Birds 26 Chiffchaff..Bank-bottle or -jug (Bedfordshire). From the shape and situation of its nest. Ibid. 32 British Long⁓tailed Titmouse... The penduline form of the nest, and the feathers which compose the lining, have obtained for the bird the names of Jack in a bottle..Hedge jug.
▪ II. jug, n.2|dʒʌg|
[Origin uncertain: possibly, as suggested by Wedgwood, a transferred use of jug n.1, the feminine name, for which there are analogies. But no actual evidence connecting the words has yet been found. (Cf. Skeat Etymol. Dict. s.v.)]
1. a. A deep vessel, of varying shape and size, for holding liquids, usually with a cylindrical or swelling body, or one that tapers upward, having a handle on one side, and often a spout. Frequently with qualification denoting use or kind, as brown-jug, claret-jug, cream-jug, milk-jug, water-jug, etc.
The name is applied locally with various extensions or restrictions to vessels, commonly of earthenware, also of glass or metal, sometimes even of wood or leather, occasionally, as in a hot-water jug, furnished with a lid; in U.S. having ‘a narrow neck or orifice, usually stopped by a cork’ (Cent. Dict.).
1538Elyot Dict., Cantharus, a pot or a iugge. 1555Eden Decades 38 They haue sundry kyndes of water pottes, iugges, and drinckinge cuppes, made of earthe. 1596Shakes. Tam. Shr. Induct. ii. 90 You would presente her at the Leete, Because she brought stone-Iugs, and no seal'd quarts. 1678A. Behn Sir P. Fancy v. i, You're a Dutch Butter⁓ferkin, a Kilderkin, a double Jugg. 1756Nugent Gr. Tour, Germany II. 403 There is a great sale of stone juggs and pitchers at Andernach. 1783O'Keefe Poor Soldier, Song ‘The Brown Jug’ i, This brown jug that now foams with mild ale..Was once Toby Filpot. 1824Scott Redgauntlet Let. iv, A small jug, which he replenished with ale from a large black-jack. 1828P. Cunningham N.S. Wales (ed. 3) II. 107 Common brown Toby Philpot jugs. 1885J. Martineau Types Eth. The. I. 131 A jug is said to be empty when it has no water. 1886S.W. Linc. Gloss., Jug, a stone bottle, such as is used for wine or spirits, not such as a Milk-Jug, which is called a Pitcher. Ibid., Pitcher,..the term Jug is applied to large stoneware jars.
b. A jug with its contents; the liquid in a jug; esp. beer, as distinguished from the contents of a bottle, i.e. wine. Also, locally, A measure of capacity for ale or beer, usually about a pint.
1635D. Dickson Pract. Wks. (1845) I. 92 Carry out the refuse and jugs of the house. a1716South Serm. I. iv. (R.), The sordid temptations of the jug and the bottle. 1765Cowper Let. to Lady Hesketh 14 Sept., He gave me..a black jug of ale of his own brewing. 1848Dickens Dombey v, He came up with a jug of warm water.
c. A jug used as an instrument in a jazz band. So jug-blower, etc. See jug band (sense 3 below).
1946R. Blesh Shining Trumpets (1949) v. 104 Exotic instruments may be utilized as well, such as harmonica, kazoo, jug, washboard, wood blocks and musical saw. 1956M. Stearns Story of Jazz (1957) xiv. 157 He didn't even get a chance to team up with washboard beaters, jug blowers, kazoo players, tub thumpers, or alley fiddlers. 196020th Cent. Dec. 556 The hillbilly form..is played on..the twelve-string guitar, the jug, the jew's harp. 1964Amer. Folk Music Occasional i. 95 Horses of many different colors run loose in this album, the common denominator being the use by all of a jug, which (blown like a coke bottle) produces rich, booming sound, able to take the bass part. 1968Blues Unlimited Nov. 8 In Memphis, we recorded Dewey Corley, who used to blow jug with the Memphis Jug Band.
2. slang
a. A prison, jail; more fully stone-jug. orig. U.S.
1815–16Niles' Reg. IX. Suppl. 190/1 A full grown villain, who with an accomplice, were shortly after safely lodged in the jug. 1834H. Ainsworth Rookwood iii. v, In a box of the stone-jug I was born. Ibid., Thus was I bowl'd out at last, And into the jug for a lag was cast. 1861Lowell Biglow P. ii. i. Poems 1890 II. 229 They sentenced me..to ten years in the Jug. 1890Boldrewood Robbery under Arms 144 Men just out of the jug..with their close-shaved faces, cropped heads, and prison-clothes. 1899Besant Orange Girl Prol., That hospitable place..the Black Jug—where before long you will pass a few pleasant days.
b. A bank.
1845National Police Gaz. 15 Nov. 97/3 Jim Morgan..disdained no branch of business, from ‘craking a jug’ (entering a bank) to picking a pocket. 1862Cornh. Mag. Nov. 648 It is all in single pennifs on the England jug... It is in 5l notes on the Bank of England. 1904[see box n.2 3 i]. 1935G. Ingram Cockney Cavalcade viii. 121 Give me time to go to the ‘jug’. 1960Observer 24 Jan. 5/1 If a villain had seriously suggested screwing a jug (breaking into a bank).
3. Comb., as jug-metal, jug-pot; jug-broke adj.; jug and bottle, used attrib. of the bar of a public house at which alcoholic liquors are sold for consumption off the premises; jug band, a jazz band in which jugs (sense 1 c above) are used; jug-bitten a. (slang), intoxicated; jug-fishing U.S., a mode of fishing with the line and bait tied to a floating ‘jug’ or bottle (Cent. Dict.); jug handle, the handle of a jug; also attrib. and fig., shaped like a jug handle; hence jug-handled a., (a) lit. placed on one side, as the handle of a jug; (b) fig. (U.S.) unilateral, one-sided, unbalanced.
1894G. Moore Esther Waters xxx. 236 The public entrance and the *jug and bottle entrance were in a side street. Ibid. xlii. 327 Journeyman was surprised to see Ketley sitting quite composedly in the jug and bottle bar. 1909Daily Chron. 31 Mar. 1/3 A ‘jug and bottle’ department..does not come within the definition of an open bar. 1932L. Golding Magnolia St. i. ix. 144 She got her pint from the Jug and Bottle Department. 1953Word for Word: Encycl. Beer (Whitbread & Co.) 11/2 Jug-and-bottle bar, specially reserved for the purchase of drinks for consumption off the premises; only to be found in older pubs.
1946R. Blesh Shining Trumpets (1949) xi. 253 The southern ‘*jug’ band typical of Tennessee and Mississippi. 1970P. Oliver Savannah Syncopators The recordings of some of the jug bands. 1970Western Folklore XXIX. 229 The..‘gutbucket’..is generally played in ensembles such as jug and skiffle bands.
1630J. Taylor (Water P.) Wks. (N.), When any of them are wounded, pot-shot, *jug-bitten, or cup-shaken, so that they have lost all reasonable faculties of the minde.
a1658Cleveland Poems, Against Ale ii, The *Jug-broke Pate doth owe to thee Its bloody Line and Pedigree.
1846S. F. Smith Theatr. Apprenticeship 118 Not perceiving the entire justice of this arrangement, it being somewhat on the *jug-handle principle, all on one side. 1900E. Glyn Visits of Elizabeth 245 She has a jug-handle chignon. 1955M. E. B. Banks Commando Climber iii. 38 A final wall, almost vertical but amply provided with the largest of jug-handles, remained. 1961L. Mumford City in Hist. xvi. 506 To ensure the continuous flow of traffic,..immense clover leaves and jug handles are designed. 1967R. J. Serling President's Plane is Missing (1968) ii. 27 He was one of those homely men whose virile masculinity masked such features as a big nose and jug-handle ears. 1970A. Blackshaw Mountaineering (rev. ed.) vi. 163 A large incut hold (a ‘jug-handle’) in good rock is the most secure of all holds.
1881Congress. Rec. 8 Dec. 60/2 English reciprocity in pleasure travel,..like their often proposed commercial reciprocity, is comparatively *jug-handled. 1904Boston Herald 28 Sept. 6 The trade between Canada and the United States is..jug-handled.
1641French Distill. i. (1651) 4 They may be of Copper..or of *Jug-metall, or Potters-metall glazed.
1654Gayton Pleas. Notes iv. xxii. 276 It may as well be denyed, that Duke D'Alva's face is not to be seen on *Jugge-pots in Holland.
Add:[2.] c. slang. A woman's breast. Usu. in pl.
1957F. Kohner Gidget v. 54 Someone would sit up and point at some sex display, ‘Look at those boobs!’ The whole gang came to life. ‘Ahhhh—the Ekberg!’..‘Some jugs!’ 1971E. E. Landy Underground Dict. 39 Breast.., jug, knocker, marshmallow, ninny jug. 1987T. Wolfe Bonfire of Vanities (1988) iii. 70 She must allow him the precious currency he had earned, which is youth and beauty and juicy jugs and loamy loins. 1989‘C. Roman’ Foreplay ix. 109 Nancy Nipples balances popcorn boxes on her jugs. 1991Independent (Mag.) 26 Oct. 67/1 Her reverie is interrupted by a ribald cry, delivered in a strong West Country accent: ‘Get your jugs out for the lads!’
▸ jug-eared adj. colloq. (chiefly depreciative) having large, protruding ears, likened to jug handles.
1944Star (Marion, Ohio) 7 Jan. 6/3 Short, lean, *jug-eared, his twinkling blue eyes reflect a fondness for joking and wisecracks. 1998Vanity Fair Feb. 167/3 Here is a jug-eared ‘little Al’ in The Saturday Evening Post at four, riding the Jeep on the farm with father, mother, and sisters.
▸ jug ears n. colloq. (chiefly depreciative) large, protruding ears, likened to jug handles; a person with large ears; cf. jug-eared adj. at Additions.
1948Bradford (Pa.) Era 5 Oct. 8/3 The old professor hooked his glasses over his *jug ears. 1963Times 29 Oct. 12/6 Jug-Ears had a particular down on one blond nobleman. 1993M. Atwood Robber Bride xli. 304 She wanted children, but not runty ones with jug ears.
▪ III. jug, n.3|dʒʌg|
Also joug.
An imitative representation of one of the notes of the nightingale, and some other birds, usually repeated as jug, jug; hence, used as a name for this note.
1523Skelton Garl. Laurel Wks. 1843 I. 401 To here this nightingale,..Warbelynge in the vale, Dug, dug, Iug, iug,..With chuk, chuk, chuk, chuk! 1576Gascoigne Philomene (Arb.) 113 The next note to hir phy Is Iug, Iug, Iug, I gesse. 1773Barrington in Phil. Trans. LXIII. 261 Nothing, however, can be more marked than the note of a nightingale called its jug. 1864–5Wood Homes without H. xxxi. (1868) 624 The ‘jug-jug’ of one Nightingale is sure to set singing all others within hearing.
▪ IV. jug, n.4 rare—1.
Also jugg.
[f. jug v.3]
The sleeping place of partridges, where they ‘jug’ or nestle together.
1834Mudie Brit. Birds (1841) I. 43 The night worms and other small animals..have mostly retired into the earth before the partridges leave their ‘jugg’ or sleeping place.
▪ V. jug, n.5|dʒʌg|
Slang abbrev. of juggins.
1914D. H. Lawrence Let. 18 Dec. (1962) I. 299 But he is a jug... Don't bother anymore. 1956H. Gold Man who was not with It (1965) xi. 96 It was nice to find the born jug of the continent and to decide even about him: he knows what he wants.
▪ VI. jug, n.7 W. Indies.|dʒʌg|
Also jug-jug.
[Origin unkn.]
A savoury Barbadian dish served esp. at Christmas (see quots.).
1945E. P. Clark West Indian Cookery xix. 80 Jug Jug... Clean, cut up, and season the beef and pork... Stew the pork.., then add beef and peas and stew..until peas are soft. 1957F. A. Collymore Notes for Gloss. Barbadian Dial. (ed. 2) 49 Jug, jug-jug, a famous Christmas dish. 1958B. Hamilton Too Much of Water iv. 74 A real Barbadian breakfast.., sweet potatoes, an' jug-jug, an' okras. 1970M. Slater Caribbean Cooking 142 ‘Jug’ is a Bajan Christmas speciality, served with turkey. Jug-Jug came to Barbados..via the Scottish 17th Century exiles, in an attempt to produce something resembling haggis. 1973Advocate-News (Barbados) 25 Dec. 4/6 The specialities of the Yuletide dinner—the turkey, the ham, the plum pudding; the pudding and souse; the peas and rice; the jug-jug; and even caviar.
▪ VII. [jug
an error for ing, meadow, in 17–18th c. Dicts., Halliwell, etc.]
▪ VIII. jug, v.1
[f. jug n.2]
†1. intr. To use a jug; to drink. Obs.
1681W. Robertson Phraseol. Gen. (1693) 781 Be jugging or jogging: Aut bibe, aut abi.
2. trans. (Cookery.) To stew or boil in a jug or jar (esp. a hare or rabbit).
1747[see jugged below]. 1769Mrs. Raffald Eng. Housekpr. (1778) 135 To jug a Hare. 1868Browning Ring & Bk. viii. 1386 Gigia can jug a rabbit well enough. 1898J. Arch Story of Life vii. 160 If I could catch that hare..I would carry him home and jug him.
3. slang. To shut up in jail; to imprison. (Cf. jug n.2 2.) Also transf. To confine.
1841Catlin N. Amer. Ind. (1844) II. xxxv. 36 The poor fellow was soon jugged up. 1877Lowell Lett. II. viii. 230, I have been there every day except when I was jugged with the gout. 1890Boldrewood Robbery under Arms 166 I'm not going to be jugged again, not if I know it.
4. intr. To fish with a bait attached to a floating jug (see jug-fishing s.v. jug n.2 3). U.S.
1872Kansas Mag. Feb. 178 Jugging for catfish in the chutes of the Missouri and the Kaw. 1947Life 15 Sept. 155 The boys go jugging for catfish. They tie their fishing lines to jugs and haul them in when the jug bobs in the water.
Hence jugged |dʒʌgd| ppl. a., esp. in jugged hare; ˈjugging vbl. n.
1747H. Glasse Cookery 50 A jugged Hare. Cut it in little pieces,..put them into a earthen Jugg,..cover the Jugg or Jar you do it in, so close that nothing can get in, then set it in a Pot of boiling water. 1809Malkin Gil Blas x. iii. ⁋10 The second course consisted of pigs' ears, jugged game, and chocolate cream. a1834Lamb Lett. xviii. Th. Pres. Game 176 A hare to be truly palated must be roasted. Jugging sophisticates her. 1893Chicago Advance 31 Aug., A little discreet gagging, followed by jugging if necessary.
▪ IX. jug, v.2
Also joug.
[Echoic: cf. jug n.3]
intr. Of the nightingale or other bird: To utter a sound like ‘jug’. Hence ˈjugging ppl. a.
1598Yong Diana 427 Iugging nightingales are sweetely singing. 1657Thornley tr. Longus' Daphnis & Chloe 124 The Nightingales began to jug and warble. 1783Ainsworth's Lat. Dict. (Morell) v, Gurio,..to jug, or jouk, as a nightingale doth. 1898Daily News 7 May 10/2 The blithe lark, the jugging nightingale.
▪ X. jug, v.3
Also 7 jugg.
[app. an altered by-form of jouk v.1 (juke, joke, etc.) with specialized application; cf. also juck v., used of the call of partridges when they jouk or jug.]
intr. Of partridges, etc.: To crowd or nestle together on the ground; to collect in a covey. Also transf. Hence ˈjugging vbl. n.
c1600Drayton Miseries Q. Margaret cxlvi, Like as you see when partridges are flown,..They in the evening get together all, With pretty jugging, and each other greet. 1654Vilvain Theol. Treat. iii. 106 Jugging together like Partridges in smal Covies. 1660Hexham, Roesten, to Jugge, or goe to Roest, as Hens, Partridges. 1672[see jouk v.1 1]. a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Jug, to squat, and nestle close together, as partridges at night. 1878Daily News 12 Sept. 3/1 At night partridges roost and nestle close together on the ground in a cluster... When..thus resting they are said to jug.
b. trans. To collect close together.
1653Gauden Hierasp. 292 Some have taken [liberty] in these times, to separate themselves from the ordinary Ministry of this Church, and by a mutuall call of one an other to jugg themselves, like Partridges, into small coveys. 1674N. Fairfax Bulk & Selv. To Rdr., Should they [kinreds of men] have liv'd and jugg'd together to this day.
▪ XI. † jug, v.4 Obs.
Also 4–5 iag(ge, iog(ge.
A variant of jag v., to ‘prick’; to spur (a horse).
(The language of the whole quotation is fig., justed, jugged, and overtilte, being taken from the tilt or tournament.)
1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xx. 133 He iugged [v.r. iogged, 1393 C. xxiii. 134 iogged, v. rr. iagged, iuggede] til a iustice, and iusted in his ere, And ouertilte al his treuthe. |