| 释义 |
▪ I. jostle, justle, v.|ˈdʒɒs(ə)l, ˈdʒʌs(ə)l|
Forms: 5 iustil, 6 iussell, iustell, ioustle, 6–7 iustle, 7 jussel(l, jusle, josle, jostel, 7– justle, jostle.
[f. joust v. + freq. suffix -le. Justle was usual in the 17th c.; and the main form in the 18th (Johnson has justle as the main form and jostle as a variant); it has now largely yielded to jostle.]
I. intr.
†1. To come into collision in the tournament; to just or tilt. Obs.
1580Hollyband Treas. Fr. Tong, S'Entr'essayer à la jouste, to trye one an other at iustling. 1600R. Cawdray Treas. Similies 398 No man iustleth with two Speares together. 1706Phillips, To Just, or Justle, to run a Tilt. 1759tr. Adanson's Voy. Senegal 289 The horsemen themselves greatly added to those sports..feigning by their gesture and attitude, sometimes a combat, and other times a justling, a chace, or dance.
†b. transf. To encounter sexually. Obs. rare—1.
c1400Destr. Troy 12738 Engest, with his Iapis, hade Iustilet hir with, And getyn in his gamyn on the gay lady, A doghter þat was dere.
2. To knock or push against, to come into collision with; also absol. to push and shove; to push one against another as in a crowd.
1546J. Heywood Prov. ii. v, Ech of his ioyntes agaynst other iustles. 1591Durham Depos. (Surtees) 332 One that, having a burthen of wood on his back..did then jussell upon a strainger..which then was rydeing out of the towne. 1611Bible Nahum ii. 4 The charets shall rage in the streets, they shall iustle one against another in the broad wayes. 1699Pomfret Eleazar's Lament. 49 The num'rous throng Was forc'd to jostle as they pass'd along. 1795Burke Let. to W. Elliot Wks. VII. 367 Nor am I of force to win my way, and to justle and elbow in a crowd. 1817Scott Rob Roy v, All tramped, kicked, plunged, shouldered, and jostled. 1893Times 18 May 5/6 Her Majesty's Justices jostled with mayors and aldermen.
fig.1639Fuller Holy War ii. ii, The clergy of that age, who counted themselves to want room except they justled with princes. 1876Green Stray Stud. 190 The old world of feudalism jostling with the new world of commerce. a1894Froude Counc. Trent iii. (1896) 54 As in most human things, the commonplace jostled against the sublime.
b. To contend for a place, the best path, or the wall, by pushing another away from it; hence, to vie or struggle with some one for some advantage.
1614T. Adams Serm. Ps. lxvi. 12 Wks. 608 It were more braue for them to iustle with champions that will not giue them the way. 1681–6J. Scott Chr. Life (1747) III. 369 With whose legislative Power it never justled for the Wall. 1726De Foe Hist. Devil i. x. (1840) 133 Nations and tribes began to jostle with one another for room. 1822Lamb Elia Ser. i. Decay Beggars, None jostle with him for the wall, or pick quarrels for precedency.
3. To make one's way by pushing or shoving; to push one's way. Also to jostle one's way.
1612–15Bp. Hall Contempl., O.T. xvii. i, Adonijah..will underworke Salomon and justle into the not yet vacant seat of his father David. 1687Dryden Hind & P. iii. 1186 Eager of a name, He thrusts about, and justles into fame. 1790A. Wilson Poems, to Andrew Clarke, While bustling business justles through the mind. c1819Scott in Croker Papers (1884) I. v. 139 It requires a strong man to jostle through a crowd. 1832H. Martineau Homes Abroad ix. 122 Condemned to jostle their way in the world.
II. trans.
4. To shake or drive by pushing; to come into rough collision with, to knock or push against; to elbow, hustle.
1575R. B. Appius & V. in Dodsley O. Pl. (1825) XII. 361 What if case that cruelty should bussell me and jussell mee. 1591Sylvester Du Bartas i. ii. 533 Som boistrous winde, with stormy puff Joustling the clouds. 1610Shakes. Temp. iii. ii. 29, I am in case to iustle a Constable. 1712Steele Spect. No. 454 ⁋4 The Coachmen took care to meet, jostle, and threaten each other for Way. 1717Prior Alma iii. 177 Each still renews her little labour, Nor justles her assiduous neighbour. a1861Clough Early Poems xi. 6 Who standeth still i' the street Shall be hustled and justled about. 1870Mrs. J. H. Riddell Austin Friars xii, When a woman mixes among a crowd, she must expect to be jostled and pushed by the sterner sex.
fig.1580Lyly Euphues (Arb.) 430 Enuie not thy betters, justle not thy fellowes. a1764Lloyd Temple Favour Poet. Wks. 1774 II. 143 Far from the colleges of taste, I jostle no poetic name. 1880A. H. Huth Buckle I. iv. 224 Rampant theories jostled each other in the race for power.
5. To push, drive, or force, roughly or unceremoniously, from, out of, or into some place, condition, etc. lit. and fig.
1602Marston Ant. & Mel. ii. Wks. 1856 I. 25 It would..Justle that skipping feeble amorist Out of your loves seat. 1610Shakes. Temp. v. i. 158 Howsoeu'r you haue Beene iustled from all sences. 1645Fuller Good Th. in Bad T. (1841) 5 Must the new foe quite justle out the old friend? 1692Bentley Boyle Lect. ii. 25 That dead senseless Atoms can ever justle and knock one another into Life and Understanding. 1713Addison Guardian No. 106 ⁋4 We justled one another out by turns, and disputed the post for a great while. 1871Tyndall Fragm. Sc. (1879) I. i. 9 One atom can jostle another out of its place.
6. Racing. To push against (a competitor) so as to retard him. Often in to cross (cross the path of, get in front of) and jostle. Also absol.
1723Lond. Gaz. No. 6167/8 Jostling allowed on by the two foremost Horses for these Plates and no other Horse. 1747Gentl. Mag. 536 He marks, what dog sagacious vies, And just'ling strains to win the prize. 1754Articles rel. to H.M.'s Plates in Pond Sport. Calendar, As many of the Riders as shall cross jostle or strike..shall be made incapable of riding any Horse in His Majesty's Plates hereafter. 1776Mrs. Harris in Priv. Lett. Ld. Malmesbury I. 348 They all rode exceedingly well... Jostling was allowed, and Mr. Hanger declared he would jostle and whip whoever came near. 1858Rules Racing §42 in Blaine Encycl. Rur. Sports (1870) 374 If in running for any race one horse shall jostle or cross another, such horse is disqualified for winning the race, whether such jostle or cross happened by the swerve of the horse, or by the foul and careless riding of the jockey, or otherwise.
fig.1807–8W. Irving Salmag. (1824) 139 We must be crossed and jostled by these meddling incendiaries. 1850Merivale Rom. Emp. (1865) I. ii. 71 A thousand intrigues crossed and jostled one another in the forum.
7. To cause (one thing) to push against another; to bring (things) into collision. lit. and fig.
1641Milton Reform. i. (1851) 66 Where do the Churches..clash and justle Supremacies with the Civil Magistrate? 1678Moxon Mech. Exerc. No. 6 §35 (1683) I. 102 You must jostle them one upon the other, that the Glew may very well touch and take hold of the Wood. 1765A. Dickson Treat. Agric. ii. (ed. 2) 246 They are justling the furrow-cattle upon the plowed land.
▪ II. jostle, justle, n.|ˈdʒɒs(ə)l, ˈdʒʌs(ə)l|
[f. jostle v.]
An act or bout of jostling.
†1. A just or joust; a struggle, tussle. Obs.
1607Middleton Phœnix v. i, There was a villanous raven seen..in hard justle With a young eaglet. 1609Heywood Brit. Troy xiv. xxiii. 363 His armour..besprinkt with gore..he is wel-nye lame With often iustles.
2. A shock or encounter, a collision; a push or thrust that shakes; the action of a pushing or elbowing crowd. lit. and fig.
1611Cotgr., Gorrette,..a iustle, iurre; thumpe, or thwacke. 1625Fletcher Nice Valour iii. ii, For what a lamentable folly 'tis, If we observe 't, for every little justle..we must fight forsooth. 1641W. Mountagu in Buccleuch MSS. (Hist. MSS. Comm.) I. 288 He is fast riveted on that side, if the Commons give him not a jostle. 1710Tatler No. 250 ⁋10 All such as have been aggrieved by any ambiguous Expression, accidental Justle, or unkind Repartee. 1869Mrs. Whitney Hitherto ix. 117 This little sportive justle and antagonism. 1881Nation (N.Y.) XXXII. 428 In the jostle of South African nationalities and civilizations.
▪ III. jostle
mod. dial. f. jussel, a dish. |