| 释义 |
▪ I. jess, n.|dʒɛs|
In pl. jesses |ˈdʒɛsɪz|. Forms: α. 4 (sing. and pl.) ges; 5 (in pl. sense) gesse, 6 iesse; β. (pl.) 4–8 gesses, 5 iessis, -ys, (7 chesses, gests), 6– jesses.
[ME. ges, a. OF. ges (gez, getz) nom., sing. and pl., of get (giet, geet, gest, gect), mod.F. jet ‘cast’ (= Pr. get, It. getto, geto):—L. jact-us throw, cast, f. jacĕre to throw. Both sing. and pl. were orig. as in OF. ges, but the pl. was soon conformed to the Eng. type as gesses. The sing. does not occur in our mod. examples.]
A short strap of leather, silk, or other material, fastened round each of the legs of a hawk used in falconry; usually bearing on its free end a small ring or varvel to which the swivel of the leash is attached.
1340Ayenb. 254 Alsuo ase me ofhalt þane uoȝel be þe ges þet he ne vly to his wylle. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xii. ii. (Tollem. MS.), Hire feet beþ fastenid with gesses þat þey may not fle frely to euery brid. 1486Bk. St. Albans B iv b, Sett yowre honde and be sure of the gesse. Ibid. B v b, Hawkys haue aboute ther legges Gesse made of leder most commynly, som of silke. 1530Palsgr. 183 Vngz gietz, a payre of gesses for a hauke. Ibid. 234/1 Iesses for a hauke, get. c1560Parlt. Byrdes 142 in Hazl. E.P.P. III. 174 Kepe him in a payre of Jesse. That he flye not to no byrde about. 1615G. Sandys Trav. 209 [They] make tame Doves the speedy transporters of their letters; which they wrap about their legs like iesses. 1671Lond. Gaz. No. 623/4 A Falcon lost..with the Kings Varvels upon her Gesses. 1685Cotton tr. Montaigne I. 504 We commend..a hawk for her wing, not for her gests and bells. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1862) II. ii. v. 47. 1828 J. S. Sebright Obs. Hawking 9–10 Slips of light leather, seven or eight inches long, and a quarter of an inch wide, are to be made fast to each of his legs. These are called jesses. 1874Tennyson Merlin & V. 123 Their talk was all of training, terms of art, Diet and seeling, jesses, leash and lure.
b. In figurative applications.
1590Marlowe Edw. II, ii. ii, Soar ye ne'er so high, I have the jesses that will pull you down. 1604Shakes. Oth. iii. iii. 261 If I do proue her Haggard, Though that her Iesses were my deere heart-strings, I'ld whistle her off, and let her downe the winde To prey at Fortune. 1630R. Brathwait Eng. Gentlem. Ded., Intangled with the light chesses of vanity. 1849James Woodman xvii, Methinks you are one who would find even gesses of silk or gold cord difficult to wear.
¶ Erroneously defined in Dictionaries.
1706Phillips, Jesses, Ribbons hanging down from Garlands or Crowns. 1828Webster adds ‘in falconry’; repeated by Ogilvie, Cassell, Cent. Dict., Funk.
▪ II. jess, v.
[f. jess n.]
trans. To put the jesses on (a hawk). Also fig.
1860G. J. Whyte-Melville Holmby Ho. 263 With her own fair hands, she jessed and hooded ‘Dewdrop’, and took her from her perch. 1894G. Egerton Keynotes ii. 45 My heart had been a free, wild, shy thing, jessed by my will.
▪ III. jess
var. gest n.4 Obs., stage of a journey.
1596J. Norden Progr. Pietie (Parker Soc.) 47 heading, The first resting-place or jess in this progress. |