| 释义 |
ˈwelfare state
Also Welfare State.
[state n. 30.]
A country in which the welfare of members of the community is underwritten by means of State-run social services.
The term is sometimes said to have been coined by Sir Alfred Zimmern in the 1930s, but it has not been traced in his published writings.
1941W. Temple Citizen & Churchman ii. 35 We have..seen that in place of the conception of the Power-State we are led to that of the Welfare-State. 1948Economist 24 Jan. 135/2 The welfare state got its start in the deepest depression this country [sc. the U.S.] has ever known. 1950Times 19 May 5/3 This is one of the achievements for which the ‘welfare State’, with its vast apparatus of taxation, subsidies, family allowances, school meals, and other services, can claim credit. 1959B. Wootton Social Sci. & Social Path. 16 The myth of the ‘welfare state’ has turned the minds of investigators away from the study of material want. 1967M. Drabble Jerusalem the Golden ix. 214 She wondered whether she should fall on her knees and thank..the Welfare State. 1976New Yorker 22 Mar. 48/3 They came because Sweden, more than any other country in the industrial West, is a workers' state—not a Socialist state..but a stunning experiment in welfare-state capitalism. 1977M. Walker National Front 8 A scholarship kid who went to grammar schools and won a scholarship to Oxford because of the 1944 Education Act and the Welfare State. 1984Listener 22 Mar. 9/3 Repeated assertions that the welfare state is to be dismantled and the counter-assertion that Mrs Thatcher's administration is committed to maintaining welfare expenditure. 1985New Statesman 9 Aug. 3/1 The welfare state will have to retain the power to take away children from danger.
Hence ˌwelfare-ˈstatism orig. U.S., the social conditions or organization associated with a welfare state; ˌwelfare-ˈstatist, one who advocates such organization. Cf. welfarism, welfarist 1.
1949in Amer. Speech (1957) XXXII. 296 Welfare statism advanced slowly and gradually. 1958Spectator 31 Jan. 143/1 The combined effects of high taxation, continuous inflation, welfare statism and the tempting array of consumer goods. Ibid. 13 June 761/1 The demands of the welfare-statists in Congress for increased Government spending and tax cuts are now only occasionally heard. 1971P. Worsthorne Socialist Myth v. 76 Labour Governments have to make too many economic concessions to the rich.., which places very strict limits on the scope and scale of welfare-statism. 1980London Rev. Bks. 3–16 July 15/3 ‘Welfare statism’ came into being in the 1940s... It consisted in..the extension to the whole population of adequate health, education and social insurance. |