| 释义 |
Javelle|ʒaˈvɛl|
Also Javel, javelle.
[ad. Javel, name of the village near (now a suburb of) Paris where the solution was first made as a bleach.]
eau de Javelle (also water of Javelle, Javelle('s) water): an aqueous solution containing potassium hypochlorite and used as a bleach or a disinfectant; also applied to a similar solution of sodium hypochlorite, which has largely replaced it in modern use. Cf. Labarraque.
1807J. A. Chaptal Chem. Arts & Manuf. III. v. 98 What is known at Paris by the name of eau de javelle, is oxy-muriatic acid, combined with an alkali. It is used for taking out the stains of fruit, &c. from linen. 1815S. Parkes Chem. Ess. IV. xii. 57 Some manufacturers at Javelle near Paris announced..that they had discovered a particular liquor which they called the Lye of Javelle, having the property of bleaching cloth by a few hours immersion. This composition..was found to be..a solution of the oxy-muriate of potash. Ibid. 61 The manufacturers of Javelle,..having been disappointed in their commercial prospects at home, came over to England, and settled at Liverpool for the purpose of manufacturing the solution of oxy-muriate of potash, which they proposed to sell to the English bleachers in bottles, and which they still denominated the Liquor de Javelle. 1875Ure's Dict. Arts (ed. 7) I. 787 When a weak solution of caustic potash or soda is saturated with chlorine, it affords a bleaching liquor, still used by some bleachers and calico-printers for delicate processes. The chloride of potash is known as Water of Javelle, and the chloride of soda as Labarraque's Liquor... These so-called chlorides are now generally considered to be mixtures or compounds of chlorides and hypochlorites. 1888J. P. Remington Pract. Pharmacy xxxii. 422 Solution of chlorinated soda..is sometimes substituted for Eau de Javelle (Javelle's water), a French preparation made with potassium carbonate instead of sodium carbonate. 1892A. Brothers Photogr. iv. 260 As a reducing agent for negatives which are too dense and for removing the last traces of sodium thiosulphate, the following solution, which forms eau de javelle, may be used:—Chloride of lime 2 ounces. Potassium carbonate 4 ounces. Water 40 ounces. 1928Daily Express 19 Dec. 5 Javelle water, made by dissolving half a pound of washing soda in a quart of cold water, adding four ounces of bleaching powder. 1951A. Grollman Pharmacol. & Therapeutics xxv. 517 Compounds which give off chlorine have long been used as disinfectants, e.g., potassium hypochlorite (Javelle water), alkaline sodium hypochlorite (Labarraque's solution). 1958L. Durrell Balthazar vi. 117 It's all right..and smells fashionably of armpits and eau de javel. 1967Martindale's Extra Pharmacopoeia (ed. 25) 314/2 Eau de Javel (Fr[ench] P[harmacopoeia]) is a concentrated solution of sodium hypochlorite. 1969B. Weil Dossier IX iii. 22 The bathroom with shower, redolent of Eau de Javel. |