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proleptic, a. (n.)|prəʊˈlɛptɪk, -ˈliːptɪk|
[ad. Gr. προληπτικός anticipative, f. προλαµβάνειν: see prec. and -ic. So F. proleptique (17–18th c.).]
1. Of, pertaining to, or characterized by prolepsis or anticipation; anticipative, anticipatory; spec. in Med. predictive, prognostic.
a1656Ussher Ann. To Rdr. (1658) 4 Having placed therefore the heads of this Period in the Kalends of January, in that proleptick year, the first of our Christian vulgar account must be reckoned the 4714 of the Julian Period. a1684Leighton Serm. Wks. (1868) 673 Seasonable digressions, proleptic and exegetic. 1841Trench Parables, Interpr. (1860) 39 The proleptic mind of genius may be needful to discover the law. 1882–3Schaff's Encycl. Relig. Knowl. II. 878/2 The earliest proleptic signs of Gnosticism are to be looked for in Simon Magus. 1890Billings Nat. Med. Dict., Proleptic,..pertaining to prolepsis; anticipating; prognostic. 1905Westm. Gaz. 25 Feb. 5 He suggests..that this behaviour is, as grammarians say, rather proleptic (anglice, ‘previous’).
2. Path. Applied to a periodical disease, of which the paroxysm recurs each time at an earlier hour.
[1693tr. Blancard's Phys. Dict. (ed. 2), Prolepticus, a Disease always anticipating; so as if the Ague come to day at four of the Clock, then to morrow one hour sooner, and so on.] 1696Phillips (ed. 5), Proleptick disease. 1727–41in Chambers Cycl. 1867in C. A. Harris Dict. Med. Terminol.
†3. Of the nature of a pre-assumption; preconceived; a priori, axiomatic. Obs.
1666Bp. S. Parker Free & Impart. Censure (1667) 36 Propositions depending upon and orderly deduced from your first Proleptick Principles. 1679J. Goodman Penit. Pard. i. iv. (1713) 103 That God had thus furnished the mind with such a stock of proleptick principles of knowledge.
4. Gram. Of, pertaining to, or exemplifying prolepsis: see prec. 2 c.
1866Jelf Gr. Gram. 113 Proleptic Use of Attributive Adjectives. An adjective is sometimes applied to a substantive, though the property expressed by it does not exist in the substantive till after the action of the accompanying verb is completed. In this construction the verb and adjective together generally form a pleonastic predicative notion. 1870R. C. Jebb Sophocles' Electra (ed. 2) 15/1, ἀντίρροπον is not proleptic.
B. n. (in pl.) Med. Prediction or prognosis, as a department of medical science.
1843Rep. Brit. Assoc. 82 Only widely-extended and accurate observations..can form the foundation of a science of vital proleptics. 1853in Dunglison Med. Lex. 1895Syd. Soc. Lex., Proleptics, term proposed by Lacock for the science and art of prediction or prognosis. |