| 释义 |
Israel|ˈɪzreɪəl|
Also 4 (Wyclif) Yrael.
[a. L. Isrāēl, Gr. Ισρᾱήλ, a. Heb. yisrāēl, lit. ‘he that striveth with God’, symbolic proper name conferred upon Jacob, Gen. xxxii. 28.]
1. The people descended from Israel or Jacob, the ‘children of Israel’ collectively; the Jewish or Hebrew nation or people.
c1000ælfric Exod. v. 2 Ne can ic Drihten, ne ic nelle forlætan Israela folc. c1250Gen. & Ex. 3268 Wende we a-gen An[d] israel folc lete we ben. Ibid. 3449 Moyses tolde ðis israel. 1382Wyclif Judg. xxi. 25 In tho days was no kyng in Yrael [1388 Israel]. 1535Coverdale Exod. xi. 7 The Lorde hath put a difference betwixte Egipte and Israel. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 162 At Tripoli many Jewes and Gentiles had..perished with an Earthquake, whereof died in all Israel twentie thousand. 1878Schiller-Szinessy in Academy 606/2 The German Jews, now the most accomplished in all Israel.
2. In fig. and allusive uses; esp. the chosen people of God, the elect: applied to the Christian church, or to true Christians collectively.
Often in phrases applied originally in O.T. to the Jewish people; e.g. Israel of God, mother in Israel, etc.
1382Wyclif Gal. vi. 16 Pees vpon hem, and mercy, and vpon Israel of God [Rheims & 1611 the Israel of God]. 1611Bible Rom. ix. 6 For they are not all Israel [earlier vv. Israelites] which are of Israel. 1692H. Prideaux Direct. Ch.-wardens (ed. 4) 117 The greatest Troublers of our Israel. 1713J. Warder True Amazons Ded. 7 Though all the Thousands of your Britannick Israel esteem Your Majesty's Person as Sacred. 1856Olmsted Slave States 117 Old Aunt Ann was a sort of mother in the colored Israel of the town. 1882Farrar Early Chr. I. 152 The truth..that the converted Gentiles constituted the ideal Israel.
3. An independent Jewish State established in 1948 in the country formerly called Palestine. Also attrib.
1948Manch. Guardian 15 May 5/1 The Jews yesterday proclaimed in Tel Aviv the new State of Israel. 1957L. F. R. Williams State of Israel 13 The Israel Government has been kindness personified in helping me with my researches. Ibid. 17 The modern state of Israel occupies part of territory which in ancient times formed a link between the civilizations of Egypt, Asia Minor and Mesopotamia. 1958Economist 26 July 300/2 The western armies cannot stay in the Middle East indefinitely, while Israel must live in the region forever. 1972Encycl. Judaica I. 12 According to official government usage, Israel (and not Israeli) is the adjective relating to Israel: Israeli is a citizen (or permanent resident) of the State of Israel. 1972Times 24 Mar. 10/4 Israel has decided to recall its military experts from Uganda. 1974Times 17 Apr. 14/7 Israel newspaper correspondents were given preferential treatment. Ibid. 14/8 The ban remained for Israel-based reporters... The Israel government has followed a curious policy.
Hence Isˈraeli a., relating to the State of Israel, its inhabitants, etc.; n., (a) a native or inhabitant of the State of Israel; (b) the language spoken by the inhabitants of the State of Israel (more usually called Modern Hebrew); ˈIsraelism, reference to God's Church under the name or figure of Israel; Israeˈlistic a., using the name or guise of Israel.
1684H. More Answer 185 That Israelism which runs through the whole Prophecy. Ibid. 241 He in this Hylastick and Israelistick way prophesies of the state of the New Jerusalem. 1948Daily Tel. 23 June 1/1 A coastal vessel of the Israeli Navy stood by. 1948N.Y. Times Mag. 5 Dec. 4/3 Shortly after the proclamation of the new State of Israel..Moshe Shertok announced that its citizens would be called Israelis. 1949Koestler Promise & Fulfilment ii. ii. 222 His English is good with a specific Israeli-sabra accent. 1949H. Nicolson Diary 25 July (1968) 173 George Weidenfeld..has been asked by [Chaim] Weizmann to become his personal assistant. The problem is whether he should become an Israeli and get a definite job in the Israeli civil service. 1958Economist 26 July 300/1 The Israeli government has asked Britain to order another course for the airflight to Jordan. 1964R. MacGregor-Hastie Pope Paul VI x. 215 The Pope greeted Dr. Shazar in Israeli—‘Shalom, Shalom!’ 1967Listener 8 June 741/1 The Israelis, with their small country and just over two million population, can never conquer the Arab States. 1972[see 3 above]. |