| 释义 |
isochromatic, a. and n.|ˌaɪsəʊkrəʊˈmætɪk|
[f. iso- + chromatic; in mod.F. isochromatique (Littré).]
A. adj.
1. Optics. Of a single colour or tint: applied to a fringe in an interference pattern obtained with birefringent material, such as a biaxial crystal or material used in photoelastic experiments (when such a fringe corresponds to points where the difference between the principal stresses is the same). Also, representing or depicting such fringes.
1829Hand-bk. Nat. Philos. I. Polaris. Light vii. 24 (U.K.S.) A more accurate description of the form of these isochromatic curves, or lines of equal tint. 1831Brewster Newton (1855) I. vii. 174 Owing to the curvature of the surfaces..the forms of the isochromatic lines, or the lines of equal tint, are various and beautiful. 1837Whewell Hist. Induct. Sc. (1857) II. 309 They give oval and knotted isochromatic lines. 1931Coker & Filon Treat. Photo-Elasticity iii. 248 The integrated tint remains the same over the whole of this locus, and it is for this reason that such lines are called lines of equal tint or isochromatic lines. 1932Hardy & Perrin Princ. Optics xxix. 617 Although the values of p and q themselves can be computed from the isoclinic and isochromatic patterns, the operations are extremely tedious. 1966McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. X. 150/1 Utilizing equations for the difference of the principal stresses from the isochromatic fringe orders, the stresses may be found by solving the two equations for the two principal stresses.
2. Photog. = orthochromatic.
1884Philadelphia Photographer Oct. 315/1 (heading) Isochromatic gelatin plates. 1885Jrnl. Franklin Inst. CXIX. 368 It was..the only truly isochromatic process ever discovered. Dr. Vogel's new process was not only no better in any respect, but the plates were insensitive to scarlet and ruby-red. Ibid. 371 Truly isochromatic photography. 1903A. M. Clerke Probl. Astrophysics ii. iii. 191, D appeared conspicuously on Professor Campbell's isochromatic plates. 1904Westm. Gaz. 19 Nov. 16/2 Not much has been heard of late about isochromatic plates, and it is to be feared that among amateurs their use is not on the increase. Generally speaking, the more recent advances in orthochromatic photography have been in the direction of increasing rather than lessening the difficulties. 1932Discovery Sept. 292/1 The extension of the sensitivity of photographic emulsions..has given rise to three..types of colour sensitive material. The first type includes materials in which the sensitivity has been extended to cover the green; such materials are generally known as ‘orthochromatic’ or ‘isochromatic’. 1955H. & A. Gernsheim Hist. Photogr. xxiii. 268 Vogel and others had transformed the hitherto colour-blind emulsion into one which was more accurately sensitive for most colours—i.e. the so-called iso- or orthochromatic plates.
B. n. An isochromatic fringe or line.
1924Rep. Brit. Assoc. Adv. Sci. 1923 354 The disc carried a network of reference lines and the appearances were projected on a screen, upon which the isoclinics and isochromatics were traced with a pencil. 1948M. M. Frocht Photoelasticity II. iv. 139 The fringes or isochromatics..all pass through the points of application of the loads. 1958Condon & Odishaw Handbk. Physics iii. vi. 86/2 With a white light source the stress patterns consists of colored bands, called isochromatics, which form in the order of yellow, red, and green followed by similar cycles. |