| 释义 |
▪ I. isle, n.|aɪl|
Forms: α. 3–7 ile, yle, (4 ille, hil(l), 4–5 ylle, 6 ill). β. 5 ysle, 5– isle. γ. 4 idle, ydle. δ. 4–5 ilde, ylde.
[ME. ile (ille), a. OF. ile (ille), earlier isle, mod.F. île = Pr. isla, It. isola:—L. insula island. In 15th c. Fr. again often spelt isle (a Latinized artificial spelling of the Renascence), whence occas. in Eng. in Caxton, and again persistently from Spenser onward, although the historical ile survived to c 1700. The form idle was AF., from *isdle, with d developed between s and l, and loss of s, as in meddle (from mesdler, mesler), medlar (from *mesdler, meslier); cf. also cider, and F. coudre from *cosdre, cosre, L. consuere. The form ilde contains a parasitic d, as in vilde (vile), tyld (tile), mould (mole), which was probably developed quite independently of idle, though formation from that by transposition was also possible: cf. neld, neelde, needle.]
1. A portion of land entirely surrounded by water; an island. Now more usually applied to an island of smaller size, except in established appellations, as ‘the British Isles’.
In proper names isle is often prefixed, as Isle of Wight, Isle of Man, Isle of Dogs, Isle of Ely, Isle of Thanet; but it also follows, as in Coquet Isle, Scilly Isles, Orkney Isles: island usually follows, as in Lundy Island, Hayling Island, the Channel Islands, Canary Islands, West India Islands. As a common noun, island is the ordinary prose word; thus the Isle of Wight is commonly referred to as ‘the island’.
αc1290S. Eng. Leg. I. 25/36 Þe kyng toward þulke Ile; sone þeraftur he him drouh. 1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 29 Yles þer beþ manion aboute engelonde. a1300K. Horn 1318 Þo icom to þis ille Sarazins blake Þat dude me forsake. c1305St. Kenelm 65 in E.E.P. (1862) 49 Þe ylle of Ely. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints, Magdalena 513 Þai..rowit away, To þai var cumyne to þat hil. 1483Cath. Angl. 194/2 An Ile, jnsula. 1517R. Torkington Pilgr. (1884) 20 The seyd Ill [Candy] ys v C myle a bowte... Thys Ile ys a grett Ile. 1526Tindale Acts xxvii. 15 An yle named Clauda. 1595Shakes. John iv. ii. 99 That blood which ow'd the bredth of all this Ile, Three foot of it doth hold. 1670–98R. Lassels Voy. Italy II. 50 Going out of the Ile by the bridge of four heads, which joins this Ile with the City.
βc1470Harding Chron., Arthure, The Scottes and the Peightes he drove into oute ysles of Scotland. c1489Caxton Blanchardyn xxx. 112 The ysle was bylongyng vnto the kynge of ffryse. 1490― Eneydos xv. 54 He wylle retourne in to the Isle of Delon. 1590Spenser F.Q. i. Introd. 4 Great Ladie of the greatest Isle. 1610Shakes. Temp. v. i. 212 Prospero [found] his Dukedome In a poore Isle. 1719De Foe Crusoe ii. vi, Resolved..to load salt at the Isle of May. 1885Tennyson Fleet ii, His isle, the mightiest Ocean-power on earth, Our own fair isle, the lord of every sea.
γ [1292Britton ii. ii. §8 Si acune idle crest de novel en l'ewe, a celi iert le idle a qi soil ele soit joynte plus pres. transl. If a new island is formed in the water, the island shall belong to him whose soil is nearest adjoining to it.] 13..K. Alis. 4856 In that water an ydle is And in that ydle tounes of pris. Ibid. 5040, 5908, etc.
δc1320Sir Beues (MS. A.) 1335 Terri wente hom and telde His fader Saber in þe ilde of Wiȝt. c1330R. Brunne Chron. Wace (Rolls) 3690 Al þey founde wast and wylde. Þey spredde hem aboute in ilkan ylde. c1385Chaucer L.G.W. 1425 (Hypsip.) In an ylde that called was colcos. c1440Promp. Parv. 259/1 Ilde, londe in the see (K. iylde). 1473Sir J. Paston in P. Lett. III. 93 Men seye that the Erle off Oxenfford is abowt the Ilde off Tenett hoveryng.
b. In O.T., after the equivalent Heb., applied to the lands beyond the sea, esp. in phr. isles of the Gentiles: cf. island n. 1 b.
1382Wyclif Isa. xlii. 4 His lawe iles shul abiden [1611 Bible ibid., The yles shall waite for his lawe].
c. fig.
1781Cowper Retirement 148 Opening the map of God's extensive plan, We find a little isle, this life of man.
2. A building or block of buildings, surrounded by streets. [L. insula.]
1670R. Lassels Voy. Italy II. 218 The Pallace..makes an Ile, that is, it hath no houses joyning to it.
3. Comb., as isle-altar; isle-ruling, isle-surrounding adjs.
1632Lithgow Trav. i. 35 The clementious Ile-ruling Lady of Trapundy in Sicilia. 1821Shelley Prometh. Unb. i. i. 252 Prophetic caves, and isle-surrounding streams. 1832Tennyson Of old sat Freedom on the heights iv, Grave mother of majestic works, From her isle-altar gazing down.
Hence ˈisleless a., devoid of or without islands; ˈisleward (to the) adv., in the direction of the isle.
a1586Sidney Arcadia (1622) 1 The hopelesse Shepheard Strephon was come to the sands, which lye against the Island of Cithera, where..sometimes casting his eyes to the Isleward, he called his friendly riuall. 1832J. Wilson in Blackw. Mag. XXXI. 861/2 The almost immaterial being of an isleless Lake! 1847M. Howitt Ballads 77 The creatures God hath made To people the isleless main.
▪ II. isle, v.|aɪl|
[f. isle n.]
1. trans. To make an isle of; to place or set as an isle; to place or set in an isle; to insulate; = island v. 1.
1570–6Lambarde Peramb. Kent (1826) 89 Tanet being peninsula and watered or iled (in manner) round about. 1833Tennyson Fatima 33 And, isled in sudden seas of light, My heart, pierced thro' with fierce delight, Bursts into blossom in his sight. 1852― Ode Wellington vii, Thank Him who isled us here, and roughly set His Briton in blown seas and storming showers. 1864― En. Ard. 131 That shadow of mischance appear'd No graver than as when some little cloud Cuts off the fiery highway of the Sun, And isles a light in the offing. 1871G. Macdonald Wks. Fancy & Imag., Sonn. Jesus vi, To see a purpose rise, like mountain isled.
2. intr. To remain or lodge on an isle.
1872Tennyson Gareth & Lynette 870 Lion and stoat have isled together, knave, In time of flood.
▪ III. isle
obs. form of aisle n.
1598Stow Surv. 198 Thomas Hinde..gave 10 feodar of lead to the couering of the middle Isle of this Aldermary Church. |