| 释义 |
iodo-|ˌaɪədəʊ, aɪˌəʊdəʊ|
used as combining form of mod.L. iodum iodine (chiefly before a consonant): a. to form names of iodine compounds and substitution products resulting from the action of iodine on other bodies specified, e.g. ˌiodo-ˈbenzene, C6H5I1, formed from benzene by substitution of one or more iodine for hydrogen atoms; ˌiodo-ˈbrucine, C23H26N2O4·I3, the iodide of brucine, C23H26N2O4. So iodobenzoic (acid), iodocinchonine, iodocodeine, iodomecone, iodomeconine, iodomorphine, iodonicotine, iodoquinine, iodosalycilic adj., iodostrychnine, etc. Also iodo-aˈcetic a., in iodoacetic acid: CH2I·CO2H, obtained in thin, tough, colourless, rhombohedral plates, having a very sour taste; hence iodoˈacetate, an ester or salt of iodoacetic acid; iodoˈcarbon iodocarbon paste, a medical preparation containing iodoform, carbon, and glycerin; iodo-ˈchloride, † -ˈchloruret, a compound of iodine and chlorine in union with some base; iodo-ˈethane, -ˈethyl, etc.: see iod-; iodoˈglycerin, a medical solution of iodine and potassium iodide in glycerin; iodohyˈdrargyrate, a combination of mercuric iodide with the iodide of an electro-positive metal, e.g. potassium iodohydrargyrate, 2(HgI2·KI) + 3H2O; iodo-ˈhydric = hydriodic; iodo-ˈiodide, a combination of iodine with its own iodide of some base, as ammonium iodo-iodide, also called iodide of iodammonium (NH3I)·I; iodoˈmercurate, a compound of mercuric iodide with a more basic iodide; iodoˈmethane, iodoˈmethyl, methyl iodide; iodoˈphenol, a class of bodies, liquid and solid, obtained by treating phenol with iodine and iodic acid; iodoˈprotein, any protein containing iodine; iodopyracet |-ˈpaɪərəsɛt| U.S. [f. di-iodo-pyridone-acetic], the diethanolamine salt C11H16N2O5I2, of 3,5-di-iodo-4-pyridone-N-acetic acid, used in radiography as a contrast medium, principally for intravenous urography and for measuring renal plasma flow; called diodone in the U.K.; iodoˈpyrin(e Pharm., a crystalline iodinated derivative, C11H11N2OI, of antipyrin, used as an antipyretic; iodoˈsulphate, a salt of iodosulphuric acid; iodoˈsulphide, a compound of iodine and sulphur with a base, as iodosulphide of antimony, SbSI; iodosulˈphuric iodosulphuric acid, H2SO3I2; iodosulphuric anhydride, SO2I2; iodoˈtannin, a solution of iodine in tannic acid; iodoˈterebene, a liquid formed by the action of iodine on spirit of turpentine; iodoˈthyrin = thyro-iodine (s.v. thyro-). b. also in other derivatives: as iodogˈnosis, Dorvault's term for a knowledge of the properties of iodine. ˈiodo-, iˈodophil(e [-phil, -phile], iodoˈphilic adjs., readily stained by iodine. iodoˈphthisis (Path.), wasting of flesh or of some organ, caused by excessive use of iodine. iodoˈplumbism, a pathological term for the conjoined symptoms of iodism and plumbism or lead-colic. iodoˈtherapy, the treatment of disease by iodine and its compounds.
1902Jrnl. Chem. Soc. LXXXII. i. 585 By the condensation of ethyl *iodoacetate with citraldehyde, a mixture of substances is apparently obtained. 1931Times Lit. Suppl. 9 July 550/3 Sodium iodoacetate prevents a similar breakdown of methylglyoxal by its inhibition of the enzyme glyoxalase. 1964W. G. Smith Allergy & Tissue Metabolism ii. 25 Inhibition of histamine and SRS-A release by antigen was noted with iodoacetate.
1888Syd. Soc. Lex., *Iodo-acetic acid, see Iodacetic acid. 1948Jrnl. Biol. Chem. CLXXVI. 88 The irreversible toxic action of the inhibitor toward yeast cells is proportional to the concentration of undissociated iodoacetic acid. 1962Lancet 15 Dec. 1275/1 Although iodoacetic acid and acetoacetate might have a different action on the metabolism of the heart muscle, both seem to inhibit contractions.
1873Watts Fownes' Chem. (ed. 11) 760 *Iodobenzenes are likewise crystalline solids.
1880Athenæum 27 Nov. 713/1 Aluminic *iodoethylate (C2H5O)3I3Al2.
1899J. Cagney tr. Jaksch's Clin. Diagnosis vi. (ed. 4) 201 The various micro-organisms above alluded to stain brown or brownish yellow in solution of iodine and iodide of potassium or of ammonium *iodo-iodide.
1873Watts Fownes' Chem. (ed. 11) 568 *Iodomethane is insoluble in water. 1888I. Remsen Org. Chem. 42 A mono-halogen derivative of a hydrocarbon, as, for example, iodo-methane, CH3I.
1871Roscoe Elem. Chem. 412 By the action of potash on *iodophenol. 1873Watts Fownes' Chem. (ed. 11) 795 Iodophenols are produced by the action of iodine-chloride on phenol.
1902Encycl. Brit. XXXII. 817/2 The Myxobolidæ.., which have an *iodophile vacuole. 1927Thaysen & Bunker Microbiol. Cellulose viii. 218 Henneberg's statement that most of the cellulose-decomposing organisms found in the intestine are iodophil..disagrees with all previous observations. 1942Nature 23 May 582/1 Both the rumen in ruminant and the cæcum in non-ruminant Herbivora support an abundant iodophile microflora: that is, an association of taxonomically diverse species exhibiting, in consequence of the decomposition within them of bacterial starch or granulose, the common characteristic of giving a blue colour with iodine.
1948Jrnl. Bacteriol. LV. 197 In the majority of instances *iodophilic colonies were frequent on the sucrose agar plates containing penicillin. 1971Hawker & Linton Micro-Organisms xv. 543 Cellulose decomposition is associated with iodophilic bacteria (i.e. organisms which reveal starch-like substances when stained with iodine).
1881Nature XXIII. 245 The amido-acids obtained from..*iodo⁓propionic acid by the action of ammonia.
1909Jrnl. Chem. Soc. XCVI. ii. 919 The behaviour of *iodoproteins as regards the formation of specific anti⁓substances was investigated. 1951Adv. Protein Chem. VI. 253 (heading) Natural and artificial iodoproteins. 1963Lancet 5 Jan. 12/1 Very rare examples of absent t3 suppression in patients not having hyperthyroidism have been recorded when a thyroid nodule with autonomous iodine uptake synthesises abnormal iodoproteins.
1947Dispensatory U.S.A. (ed. 24) 584/2 The *iodopyracet injection is warmed to body temperature and 20 cc{ddd}, containing 7 Gm..of the drug, is injected slowly intravenously. 1951A. Grollman Pharmacol. & Therapeutics xxxii. 751 Iodopyracet may be injected into the aorta in order to visualize the renal arteries; or into the brachial vein to visualize the chambers of the heart in the diagnosis of congenital cardiac lesions. 1971Amer. Jrnl. Obstetr. & Gynecol. CX. 566/1 Following injection of radioactive iodopyracet into the fetal circulation radioactivity moved equally rapidly into amniotic fluid in preparations involving nephrectomized or normal fetuses.
1892Brit. Med. Jrnl. 2 Jan. 22/1 *Iodopyrin. This product is a chemical compound of iodine with antipyrin, in which an atom of hydrogen is replaced by iodine. It occurs in colourless crystals. 1909H. A. Hare et al. National Stand. Dispensatory (ed. 2) 201 Iodopyrine presents the combined physiological action of iodine and an antipyretic, and has been recommended in bronchial asthma and tertiary syphilis. 1961L. Martin Clinical Endocrinol. (ed. 3) iii. 68 There are also certain other therapeutic substances which will produce a simple goitre... These include..iodopyrine (..found in Felsol powders which are used for asthma).
1882Athenæum 11 Nov. 632/1 By heating salicylic acid and iodine in alcoholic solution, two *iodosalicylic acids were formed.
1865Ibid. No. 1959. 656/2 The *iodo-strychnine of Pelletier.
1897Jrnl. Chem. Soc. LXXII. ii. 330 The animal was taking..diet to which was added either fresh thyroid or *iodothyrin. 1909H. A. Hare et al. National Stand. Dispensatory (ed. 2) 855 Iodothyrine is a white or yellowish-white powder, having a sweet taste, and is prepared..by boiling fresh thyroid glands..with dilute sulphuric acid. 1932Discovery Mar. 96/2 The flattened gilled water newt called the Axolotl [is] changed into a smaller differently shaped land newt in the course of a few weeks by feeding it with thyroid. In this case the active substance can be extracted from the gland and chemically analysed; it is termed iodothyrin. |