| 释义 |
invasion|ɪnˈveɪʒən|
[a. F. invasion (12th c. in Hatz.-Darm., frequent from 14th c.), ad. late L. invāsiōn-em, n. of action f. invādĕre to invade.]
1. a. The action of invading a country or territory as an enemy; an entrance or incursion with armed force; a hostile inroad.
1539Tonstall Serm. Palm Sund. (1823) 74 If they shal persyst in their pestilent malice to make inuasyon into this realme [etc.]. 1548Hall Chron., Hen. VIII 174 b, No prince could hurte hym by warre or invasion. 1611Bible 1 Sam. xxx. 14 Wee made an inuasion vpon the South of the Cherethites. 1671Milton P.R. iii. 365 The Parthian..Found able by invasion to annoy Thy country. 1790Beatson Nav. & Mil. Mem. I. 145 The Spaniards..made a powerful invasion upon the infant colony of Georgia. 1851D. Wilson Preh. Ann. (1863) II. iii. ii. 32 A foe ever watching the opportunity for invasion and spoil. 1856Emerson Eng. Traits, Race Wks. (Bohn) II. 32 In the Danish invasions, the marauders seized upon horses where they landed.
b. fig. A harmful incursion of any kind, e.g. of the sea, of disease, moral evil, etc.
c1566J. Alday tr. Boaystuau's Theat. World Q vij b, Savegarde, and defende him, aswell from the invasions of wicked spirites as of other snares of the fleshe and the worlde. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 41 The Earth..being freed from the tyrannicall invasion and usurpation of the Waters. 1665Boyle Occas. Refl. ii. xiv, The fore⁓runners..of the Cold fit of an Ague, the first Invasion of that Disease having been preceded by the like Distempers. a1735Arbuthnot (J.), What demonstrates the plague to be endemial to Egypt, is its invasion and going off at certain seasons. 1847H. Rogers Ess. I. v. 257 It by no means appears that a momentary invasion of doubt, or even of scepticism, is inconsistent with a prevailing and habitual faith.
attrib.1897Allbutt's Syst. Med. II. 396 The usual symptoms of the invasion stage.
c. Path. The spreading of pathogenic microorganisms or malignant cells that are already in the body to new sites.
1891F. P. Foster Med. Dict. III. 2011/2 Invasion, the process by which a particular organ or part becomes affected with disease or parasites existing elsewhere in the organism. 1892G. M. Sternberg Man. Bacteriol. iii. i. 221 The invasion of the blood which occurs in anthrax and in various forms of septicæmia in the lower animals, induced by subcutaneous inoculation with pure cultures of certain pathogenic bacteria, does not generally immediately follow the inoculation. 1924R. Muir Text-bk. Path. xii. 332 Incision of the capsule may permit of renewed invasion by the tumor. 1949H. T. Karsner Human Path. (ed. 7) 312/2 Although certain normal cells may infiltrate into neighboring structures,..yet infiltration and invasion are properties of neoplastic cells. 1965T. F. Nealon Managem. Patient with Cancer i. 13/2 Extension or invasion is the spread of a cancer by direct involvement of surrounding structures, lymphatics, or blood vessels.
2. Infringement by intrusion; encroachment upon the property, rights, privacy, etc. of any one. Esp. in phr. invasion of privacy.
1650in W. S. Perry Hist. Coll. Amer. Col. Ch. (1860) I. 1 Suffer no Invasion in matters of Religion. 1736Neal Hist. Purit. III. 514 His government for almost fifteen years was one continued..invasion upon the civil liberties of his subjects. 1769Robertson Chas. V, viii. Wks. 1813 III. 102 A voluntary invasion of the rights of his kinsman and ally. 1844Ld. Brougham Brit. Const. xiii. (1862) 182 There were..many invasions of the constitution. 1890Harvard Law Rev. 15 Dec. 198 The common law recognizes and upholds a principle applicable to cases of invasion of privacy. 1912Kipling Diversity of Creatures (1917) 2 Any complaint of invasion of privacy needs immediate investigation. 1967H. McCloy Further Side of Fear i. 3 He would have no motive for coming by stealth... Besides, it was impossible to associate Mr. Erskine with any invasion of privacy.
†3. Assault, attack (upon a person, etc.). Obs.
1591Spenser M. Hubberd 1090 The Tygre, and the Bore..raged sore In bitter words, seeking to take occasion Upon his fleshly corpse to make invasion. 1661–98South Twelve Serm. III. 186 An House built out of the Road is exposed to the Invasion of Robbers. 1757W. Wilkie Epigoniad i. 11 Prepares, by swift invasion, to remove Your virgin bride.
4. Ecology. The spread of a plant or animal population into an area formerly free of the species concerned.
1905F. E. Clements Res. Methods Ecol. iv. 210 By invasion is understood the movement of plants from an area of a certain character into one of a different character, and their colonization in the latter. 1932Fuller & Conard tr. Braun-Blanquet's Plant Sociol. xiii. 308 The colonization of new unoccupied land by plant disseminules may be either by centrifugal or by marginal invasion. 1940H. F. Witherby et al. Handbk. Brit. Birds I. 31 The slender-billed nutcracker... Not confined to conifer woods in its ‘invasions’ of Europe. 1958C. Elton Ecol. of Invasions vi. 111 We have to accept the proposition that invasions of animals and plants and their parasites—and our parasites—will continue. 1964Gould & Kolb Dict. Social Sci. 354/1 The process which occurs when one kind of population begins to occupy a territory (or an occupational niche) already occupied by another, or it increases its rate of occupancy... In human ecology invasion is restricted to this..meaning.
5. attrib.
1915Mrs. Belloc Lowndes Let. 10 Mar. (1971) 57 No, I do not believe in either Zeppelins or an invasion... There is an invasion scare but I don't believe in that. 1923W. S. Churchill World Crisis (1938) I. xix. 404 An invasion scare took a firm hold of the military and naval authorities. 1941Times (Weekly ed.) 15 Oct., One of the heaviest attacks of the war was made on the invasion coast. 1942R.A.F. Jrnl. 3 Oct. 8 The men..who would fly tomorrow's dawn patrol along the invasion coast. Ibid. 18 A tradition which was..renewed in France in 1939..; over the ‘invasion ports’ of Northern France in 1940 and 1941.
Hence inˈvasionist, one who advocates or believes in an invasion; also attrib.
1853Cobden 1793 & 1853, Pol. Writ. (1878) 196 The other argument of the invasionists..will be successful. Ibid. 210 These invasionist writings. |