| 释义 |
intervention|ɪntəˈvɛnʃən|
[ad. late L. interventiōn-em, n. of action f. intervenīre to intervene. Cf. F. intervention (15th c.).]
1. a. The action of intervening, ‘stepping in’, or interfering in any affair, so as to affect its course or issue. Now freq. applied to the interference of a state or government in the domestic affairs or foreign relations of another country.
c1425Found. St. Bartholomew's (E.E.T.S.) 44 That whatsumeuer..be denayid me of mercy may be fulfillid yn tyme to come by thyn interuencioun and merytys. 1619Visct. Doncaster in Eng. & Germ. (Camden) 201 Though our master's intervention were at first sincerely desired [etc.]. 1692Dryden St. Euremont's Ess. 184, I know how much the intervention of the Gods is necessary to an Epick Poem. 1831J. W. Croker in C. Papers (1884) II. xvi. 103 The Whigs erected their administration on three legs—non-intervention, retrenchment, reform; they are..at this moment as deep in intervention as any Government ever was. 1866Brande & Cox Dict. Science II. 238 The intervention of the allied powers between Greece and Turkey in 1827. 1868G. Duff Pol. Surv. 44 We need either a direct intervention of the foreign Powers, or a domestic revolution.
b. Law. The action of one, not originally a party, who intervenes in a suit.
1860Act 23 & 24 Vict. c. 144 §7 The said Proctor..may..intervene in the Suit, alleging such Case of Collusion..and it shall be lawful for the Court to order the Costs..arising from such Intervention, to be paid by the Parties. 1864G. Browne Treat. Princ. & Pract. Court for Divorce & Matrimonial Causes 152 There are two kinds of intervention, one ‘by any person’ under the first branch of the section, the second by the Queen's proctor under the latter branch... It appears that at any time before a decree for dissolution of marriage is made absolute, it is competent for one of the public to intervene. Ibid. 153 The Court will not act on an intervention, when satisfied that it is made at the instance of the respondent or co-respondent. 1883[see intervener1]. 1952Stroud's Judicial Dict. (ed. 3) II. 1500 Intervention in divorce proceedings (generally by the King's Proctor) is for (a) collusion, or (b) suppression of a material fact.
2. Intermediate agency; the fact of coming in or being employed as an intermediary.
a. Of persons.
1659Pearson Creed (1839) 156 Adam was framed immediately by God, without the intervention of man or woman. 1768Blackstone Comm. III. xvii. 255 Injuries to the rights of property can scarcely be committed by the crown without the intervention of it's officers. 1818Jas. Mill Brit. India II. v. ii. 366 The Supreme Council resolved to treat with the ministers at Poona by an agent of their own, without the intervention of the Presidency of Bombay. 1856Kane Arct. Expl. I. xxxii. 441 Then by the intervention of Petersen, I called on Kalatunah for his story.
b. Of things.
1665Boyle Occas. Refl. iii. ii, Loggs, on which the Fire could take no hold, but by the intervention of..smaller Sticks. 1756Burke Subl. & B. iv. i, Things which cause pain operate on the mind by the intervention of the body. 1881Westcott & Hort Grk. N.T. Introd. §17 A text was constructed..without the intervention of any printed edition.
3. a. The fact of coming or being situated between in place, time, or order.
1645Boate Irel. Nat. Hist. (1652) 165 The heat never being very great, and..often interrupted by the intervention of the foul weather. 1671R. Bohun Wind 84 The Trade Winds..are frequently impeded by the intervention of Islands, and Crosse Winds. 1776Adam Smith W.N. i. iii. xi. (1869) I. 211 Notwithstanding the intervention of one or two dear years. 1797M. Baillie Morb. Anat. (1807) 367 Such masses..are connected with it loosely, by the intervention of cellular membrane. 1875P. Le P. Renouf Egypt. Gram. 8 The intervention of a vowel must be understood.
b. An intervening thing, event, or period of time.
a1677Hale Contempl. ii. 127 The Publick Imployments, that..have been put upon me, and many other Interventions. 1800W. Taylor in Monthly Mag. VIII. 597 Not..to entirely read them, but to turn them over with interventions of study.
Hence interˈventional a., of or pertaining to intervention; interˈventionism, the principle or policy of intervening, esp. in international and economic affairs; interˈventionist, one who approves of intervention, esp. in international affairs; one who favours a doctrine of intervention; one who favours intervention with the course of a disease on medical grounds (Cent. Dict.); also as adj.
1829Bentham Justice & Codif. 61 Under every system, appeal is for cause assigned, namely mis-decision, either ultimate or interlocutory, or say interventional. 1839Morn. Herald 23 Apr., Changing the character and offices of mediators into those of warlike interventionists. 1899Contemp. Rev. Oct. 476 There have been interventionists and anti-interventionists in South Africa. 1915Morning Post 19 Apr. 8/4 Interventionist, and, in some places, neutralist meetings were held yesterday at Milan. 1921Glasgow Herald 22 July 7 M. Tchitcherin sees in this fact another ‘interventionist’ manœuvre. 1923Ibid. 29 Mar. 5 The methods of interventionism..are contrary to the spirit of cooperation. 1930Times Lit. Suppl. 14 Aug. 648/2 The ‘interventionist’ conception of miracle has passed out of fashion. 1940Economist 6 July 2/2 It was not primarily because of this advocacy of support for Britain that Mr. Willkie was nominated... We cannot go further than to say that Mr. Willkie's interventionism did not prevent his success. Moreover, there are severe limitations on interventionism even of the Willkie type... For example, there is the almost universal qualification that aid must stop ‘short of war’. 1945K. R. Popper Open Soc. II. xvii. 117 We must demand that laissez-faire capitalism give way to an economic interventionism. Ibid. Notes 318, I suggest using the name laissez-faire capitalism for that period which Marx analysed..and the name interventionism for our own period. The name ‘interventionism’ could indeed cover the three main types of social engineering in our time: the collectivist interventionism of Russia; the democratic interventionism of Sweden and the ‘Smaller Democracies’ and the New Deal in America. 1962Listener 20 Dec. 1040/1 The long-standing tradition [sc. in France] of an active, confident, and interventionist civil service. 1967Economist 30 Sept. 1162/1 The new interventionism is an economic theory that came into vogue with some Labour intellectuals about three years ago, and with some core of justification. Its kernel was the entirely true argument that the governments of some countries with successful postwar economic records (e.g. France, Japan, Italy) have had greater scope for influencing the course of major industrial investment than have the less successful governments of postwar Britain. 1969Observer 26 Jan. 8/4 America has never swung back..to isolationism and Russia has never regressed to all-out revolutionary interventionism. 1970Times 2 July 8/3 It will not be easy to persuade the country to prefer government interventionism to the freedom which is Mr. Heath's aim. 1971Physics Bull. June 261/2 Interventionists such as Joan of Arc, Ralph Nader, Ghandi [sic] and Sir Alan Herbert. 1973Financial Times 28 Feb. 27/2 The contrast between the philosophy of the Conservative Government that believed so earnestly in the miraculous powers of laissez-faire in 1970 and the interventionist Conservative Government of today. |