| 释义 |
interstitial, a. and n.|ɪntəˈstɪʃəl|
[f. L. type *interstitiālis, f. interstitium interstice + -al1.]
A. adj.
1. Of the nature of an interstice; forming interstices.
1646Sir. T. Browne Pseud. Ep. ii. i. 55 In oyled paper..the interstital divisions being continuated by the accession of oyle, it becommeth more transparent. 1751Johnson Rambler No. 108 ⁋7 Those interstitial vacancies which intervene in the most crowded employment. 1830Kater & Lardn. Mech. ii. 17 The volume [of a body] consists partly of material particles, and partly of interstitial spaces. 1846Dana Zooph. iv. (1848) 76 The interstitial spaces between adjoining polyps.
2. a. Of a thing: Pertaining to, existing in, or occupying interstices.
1665Hooke Microgr. 96 According as these pores are more or greater in respect of the interstitial bodies. 1709Phil. Trans. XXVI. 264 When there is a larger quantity of Interstitial Air to remove. 1879Rutley Study Rocks x. 130 The hornblendic matter merely appearing as little interstitial specks between the magnetite granules.
b. Anat. interstitial tissue, the fine connective tissue lying between the cells of other tissue. interstitial organs, smaller organs of the body situated between larger ones.
1835–6Todd Cycl. Anat. I. 510/1 The interstitial tissue varies according to the age and temperament of the individual. 1876tr. Wagner's Gen. Pathol. 239 In the interstitial or subpleural pulmonary tissue.
c. Entom. Situated in the interstices or spaces between the striæ, e.g. on the elytra of beetles.
1900D. Sharp Biol. Centr. Amer., Coleoptera II. i. 620 The peculiar interstitial punctuation [of the elytra] making it recognizable at a glance.
d. Occupying an interval in time or order.
1841E. Hawkins Silver Coins (1887) 245 Edward IV, in his interstitial usurpation. 1859Gladstone Glean. (1879) II. 147 ‘The Brook’, with its charming interstitial soliloquy..will..always rank among Mr. Tennyson's happy efforts.
e. Physics. Situated between the normally occupied points of a crystal lattice. Cf. sense 5.
1938Trans. Faraday Soc. XXXIV. 851 Motion..is possible by jumps of ions from one interstitial position to the neighbouring one... An interstitial ion takes the place of a neighbouring lattice ion. 1940F. Seitz Mod. Theory Solids xiv. 496 Semi-conductors, such as zinc oxide, that have interstitial atoms. 1966C. R. Tottle Sci. Engin. Materials iv. 92 There may be interstitial atoms present in a lattice as impurities.
3. Of a physical or morbid process: Taking place in the interstices of a body; spec. in Phys. Affecting the internal structure of an organ or part by acting in its interstices or on its interstitial tissue; as interstitial absorption, interstitial emphysema, interstitial growth.
interstitial pregnancy, that in which the development of the ovum takes place in that portion of the Fallopian tube which passes through the uterine wall.
1807M. Baillie Morb. Anat. (ed. 7) 220 This change [in the liver] must arise from a process which takes place through its whole substance, and seems to be what Mr. Hunter has called the interstitial absorption. 1845Todd & Bowman Phys. Anat. I. 121 Bone..grows in an interstitial manner after being originally deposited. 1858J. H. Bennet Nutrition iv. 100 The variable activity of interstitial nutritive changes, rapid in the child, slow in the aged. 1877Roberts Handbk. Med. (ed. 3) I. 391 Interstitial pneumonia runs a very chronic course.
4. Having interstices. rare.
1855Bailey Mystic, etc. 25 The interstitial net of death.
5. Containing atoms or ions in interstitial positions: cf. sense 2 e.
1933W. H. & W. L. Bragg Crystalline State I. vii. 158 The atoms of H, N, C, or B are placed in the interstices of the metallic structures... Such structures are called Einlagerungsstrukturen by Hägg, and will be referred to here as ‘interstitial structures’... All hydrides and nitrides [of transition elements], and some carbides, fall within the first category of interstitial compounds. 1948Acta Crystallogr. I. 180/1 A large number of metals form metal-like phases with hydrogen, boron, carbon, nitrogen, and occasionally oxygen... Following suggestions of Hägg, these phases are generally regarded as interstitial solutions of the small, light elements in the metals. 1967B. L. Shaw Inorg. Hydrides xi. 101 It is now known that the metal lattice often does change when the hydrogen is absorbed so that the term ‘interstitial hydride’ is not a good one.
B. n. Physics. An interstitial atom or ion.
1961Physical Rev. CXXIV. 669/2 If the interstitial is displaced slightly from its position in configuration ‘B’ toward surrounding crowdion, ‘body-centred’ or ‘A’ interstitial positions the calculations show that the interstitial returns to its position in configuration ‘B’. 1969[see dislocation 1 e]. 1972Physics Bull. July 400/1 At the temperatures relevant to the operation of fast reactors both vacancies and interstitials, produced as a consequence of radiation damage, are able to migrate under thermal activation. |