| 释义 |
▪ I. intendant, n.|ɪnˈtɛndənt|
Also 7–9 -ent.
[a. F. intendant (1591 in Hatz-Darm.), ad. L. intendent-em, pr. pple. of intendĕre; cf. intend v. 25.]
1. One who has the charge, direction, or superintendence of a department of public business, the affairs of a town or province, the household of a prince or nobleman, etc.; a superintendent, a manager. Used originally and chiefly as the title of certain public officers in France and elsewhere; often repr. Fr. intendant or the corresponding term in other languages.
Among the officials thus denoted are: (a) The functionary who formerly administered a French province, according to the system introduced under Richelieu in the 17th cent., called also intendant of justice, police, and finances. (b) The second officer in Canada during the French rule, possessing civil and maritime jurisdiction. (c) In Mexico, the principal officer of the treasury or of the district, exercising administrative and some judicial authority (Sp. intendente).
a. As a French, Spanish, or other foreign title.
1652Evelyn St. France (R.), Subordinate to him are four other intendents. a1674Clarendon Hist. Reb. xv. §153 The Intendant of the Province [of Nismes], who is the Supreme Minister in all Civil Affairs throughout the whole Province. 1676tr. Guillatiere's Voy. Athens 395, I saw the Vizier..talking to..his Kiaia, or Intendant of his house. 1744A. Dobbs Hudson's Bay 21 The Intendant of Canada wanted to discover these Countries from thence. 1803M. Cutler in Life, Jrnls. & Corr. (1888) II. 121 The violation of the Spanish treaty by the Governor and Intendent at New Orleans. 1812Brackenridge Views Louisiana (1814) 89 The mode of carrying on the Indian traffic..was by monopolies, in which the interest of the governor or intendant was alone consulted. 1862Merivale Rom. Emp. (1865) IV. xxxviii. 341 The provincial administration, with its..judicial and fiscal intendants, and the whole apparatus of official tyranny. 1871Smiles Charac. iv. (1876) 116 Having served as an intendant of the army in Switzerland under Massena.
b. In English (or American) use.
1696–7Evelyn Corr. 20 Jan., Sir Christopher Wren, his Majesties Surveyor and Intendent of his Buildings. 1776Rhode Isl. Col. Rec. (1862) VII. 572 There shall be two persons annually appointed by this General Assembly, as intendants of trade. 1796Morse Amer. Geog. I. 678 Charleston was..divided into 13 wards, which choose as many wardens, from whom the citizens elect an Intendant of the city. 1844Disraeli Coningsby v. vi, The Marquess..appointed him..Intendant of his household.
c. fig.
1760–72H. Brooke Fool of Qual. (1809) IV. 20 The intendant of his principles, or the former of his manners.
2. Intendant-General, a chief or supreme intendant.
1701Lond. Gaz. No. 3716/3 Monsieur de Bagnols has received a Commission from Spain, to be Intendant-General of Justice and the Finances in these Provinces. 1812Wellington Let. to I. de Carvajal 27 Dec. in Gurw. Desp. (1838) X. 11, I recommend that there should be an Intendant General appointed to each of these armies.
3. The administrator of an opera house or theatre (cf. G. intendant); see also quot. 1903.
1903R. Hughes Mus. Guide I. 174/2 Intendant,..director, conductor. 1958Spectator 1 Aug. 166/1 The vital demarcation between intendant and administrator is overgrown by the cult of the amateur run riot. 1961Times 30 Jan. 14/2 In each city, the fortunes of opera, ballet, and drama depend largely on an intendant who occupies his position for a comparatively few years before moving elsewhere. 1966New Statesman 18 Nov. 758/2 Very often the Intendants hardly understand the meaning of the word ‘choreography’,..and automatically scrap each ballet at the end of the season. 1973Times 11 Apr. 12/5 In most of the big towns the Intendant can attract the audience he needs only with a fairly rapid turnover of plays.
Hence inˈtendantism, the system of governing by intendants; inˈtendantship, the office or position of an intendant, intendancy.
1889Athenæum 5 Oct. 451/2 We believe that it is not the revival, but the invention, of intendantism that is to be attributed to the seventeenth century. 1892Daily News 12 Sept. 5/3 The first performance of a grand opera..was given by order of Frederick II, under the intendantship of George Wenzeslaus von Knobelsdorff.
▪ II. inˈtendant, a.
[In sense 1, later form of entendant; in sense 2, f. intend v. + -ant.]
†1. Attentive, paying attention. Obs.
c1440Gesta Rom. i. xv. 52 (Add. MS.) The kyng commaundide..that all shuld be intendaunte to kyng leyre..as to hym selfe. 1581Lambarde Eiren. i. ix. (1602) 47 These..bee charged to be diligently intendant about the execution of all and singular the premisses.
2. Intending. rare.
1882–3Schaff Encycl. Relig. Knowl. III. 1891 Intendant communicants. |