| 释义 |
▪ I. install, v.1|ɪnˈstɔːl|
Also 6–7 enstall, 6– instal.
[ad. med.L. installā-re, f. in- (in-2) + stallum, cf. OHG. stal, stall- standing-place, sitting-place: see stall. Cf. F. installer (1349 in Godef. Compl.).]
1. trans. To invest with an office or dignity by seating in a stall or official seat, as the choir-stall of a canon in a cathedral, or that of a Knight of the Garter or Bath in the chapel of his order, the throne of a bishop, etc. Hence, To instate in an office, rank, etc. with the customary ceremonies or formalities. Often with complemental extension.
1548Hall Chron., Hen. VIII 194 To be had in the more reputacion..he [the Cardinal] determined to be installed or inthronised at Yorke. 1581J. Bell Haddon's Answ. Osor. 5 If you were not already enstalled a brawlyng Byshop. 1628Mead in Ellis Orig. Lett. Ser. i. III. 271 It is said he shall forthwith be..installed Knight of the Garter. c1645Howell Lett. (1650) I. xxxviii. 55 The Bishop of Ostia..consecrates and instals the Pope. 1681–2Wood Life 15 Feb. (O.H.S.) III. 5 Mr. [Henry] Aldrich student of Ch. Ch., was install'd Canon of the same. 1761Hume Hist. Eng. III. lxi. 322 Cromwell was declared protector; and with great solemnity installed in that high office. 1835Browning Paracelsus iv. 118 A sour reproachful glance From those in chief who, cap in hand, installed The new professor scarce a year before. 1880[see installant].
b. By extension: To place in any office or position, esp. one of dignity or authority; to establish in any place or condition.
1647Ward Simp. Cobler 68 Then install some untruth in its roome for your Generall. 1742Young Nt. Th. vi. 317 What station charms thee? I'll install thee there. 1817Coleridge Biog. Lit. iii. (1894) 29 It is said that St. Nepomuc was installed the guardian of bridges, because he had fallen over one, and sunk out of sight. 1840E. Fitzgerald Lett. (1889) I. 57, I hope you will soon come home and install yourself in Mornington Crescent. 1878R. B. Smith Carthage 397 Having got rid of his namesake..Hasdrubal installed himself as commander-in-chief. 1888Bryce Amer. Commw. III. vi. civ. 496 A company of New England Unitarians..installed itself round the piano in the great saloon of the vessel and sang hymns. 1888Mrs. H. Ward R. Elsmere i. ii. (1894) 25 His family watched his progress with..amazement, till he announced himself as safely installed at Oxford.
c. In Presbyterian and other Churches of U.S. To invest an already ordained minister with a particular pastoral charge.
1788–1888Form Govt. Presb. Ch. U.S.A. i. x. §8 The presbytery has power..to ordain, install, remove, and judge ministers. Ibid. xvi. §6 The bishop who is to preside..addressing himself to the minister to be installed shall propose to him the following or similar questions. 1828in Webster.
d. To fill (a place) with (an occupant). Obs. rare.
1577Stanyhurst Descr. Irel. in Holinshed (1807–8) VI. 32 His heart being scared with gelousie, and his wits installed with phrenise.
2. To place (an apparatus, a system of ventilation, lighting, heating, or the like) in position for service or use: cf. installation 2. [F. installer.]
1867W. W. Smyth Coal & Coal-mining 201 It is apt to be the case, that if one precautionary measure be fully installed, another is neglected,—that when safety lamps are adopted for the entire operations of a mine, the ventilation is no longer a subject of the same attention. 1889Science Feb. 116 This road has recently been installed by the Sprague Electric Railway and Motor Company. c1890W. H. Casmey Ventil. Textile Factories 16 The heat..caused the warmest part, before the fan was installed, to increase in temperature about 20 degrees.
Hence inˈstalled ppl. a., inˈstalling vbl. n.; also inˈstaller, one who installs.
1590Greene Orl. Fur. Wks. (Rtldg.) 95/1 Nor can there sit within the sacred shrine Of Venus more than one installèd heart. 1610Holland Camden's Brit. ii. 109 All Prelates..sit..according to their own ordination, enstalling and promotion. 1611Florio, Inuestitore, an inuester, an installer. 1613Drummond of Hawthornden Cypress Grove Wks. (1711) 126 Life is a government and office, wherein man is so long continued, as it pleaseth the Installer. a1649― Irene ibid. 176 By oaths of princes, at their installing. 1687Bp. Cartwright in Magd. Coll. & Jas. II (O.H.S.) 147 Will you..assist at the Installing of him? 1724Lond. Gaz. No. 6290/3 The two new installed Knights offered together. 1926Installer [see check-back]. 1968Listener 23 May 683/3 It's worth boring the installer with endless questions when you get any new piece of equipment. 1971Sci. Amer. Sept. 25/1 In Chicago I was successively a telephone installer, a postal clerk, [etc.].
▪ II. † inˈstall, -al, v.2 Obs. rare.
[f. in-2 (?) + stall v. in the sense ‘to arrange or fix (a payment)’: cf. estall v. Perh. influenced in form by install v.1]
trans. To pay by instalments.
1679‘Tom Ticklefoot’ Obs. Trials Wakeman, etc. 6 To us that know the Methods of the Court, never to pay so much Wages at a time, they always instal such Summs.
▪ III. install, n.|ˈɪnstɔːl|
[f. install v.1]
Something installed or placed in. (Only G. M. Hopkins.)
1871G. M. Hopkins Jrnl. (1959) 21 Apr. 207 These are not ribs; they are a ‘wracking’ install made of these two realities—the frets,..and the whiter field of sky shewing between. 1874Ibid. 23 May 244 True bold realism but quite a casual install of woodland. Ibid. 245 Happy use of openings, accidental installs, people's feet, hands etc seen through. c1883― Sermons & Devotional Writings (1959) ii. iii. 146 For accidental being, such as that of the broken fragments of things or things purely artificial or chance ‘installs’, has no true and intrinsic oneness or true self. |