| 释义 |
vitrify, v.|ˈvɪtrɪfaɪ|
[ad. F. vitrifier (16th c.), or med.L. *vitrificāre (Sp. and Pg. vitrificar, It. vit-, vetrificare), f. vitr-um glass: see -fy.]
1. trans. To convert into glass or a glass-like substance; to render vitreous by fusion due to heat.
1594Plat Jewell-ho. i. 25 Stones which..endure the strength of fire, and are not consumed therewith, but rather vitrified. c1645Howell Lett. I. i. xxix, Surely, that grand Universal-fire..at the day of judgment may by its violent ardor vitrifie and turn to one lump of Crystal, the whole Body of the Earth. 1665Hooke Microgr. 45 Sometimes also is that heat so very intense, as further to melt it and vitrifie it. 1690Burnet Theory Earth ii. 46 Clayey soils, and such like, may by the strength of fire be converted into brick, or stone, or earthen metal, and so melted down and vitrified. 1728in 6th Rep. Dep. Kpr. Rec. App. ii. 118 Vitrifying the dross of metals so as to mould the same like Bricks or Tiles. 1750Franklin Lett., etc., Wks. 1840 V. 239 The metal appeared to have been not only melted, but even vitrified. 1800tr. Lagrange's Chem. I. 418 This glass pierces crucibles and vitrifies them. 1863A. C. Ramsay Phys. Geog. iv. (1878) 39 Shales, sandstones, &c., are often..vitrified at the points of junction with greenstone, basaltic, and felspathic rocks. 1866Livingstone Last Jrnls. (1873) I. iii. 79 The clay pipes..are met with everywhere, often vitrified.
fig.a1618Raleigh Rem. (1644) 155 Every ordinary wit can vitrifie, and make transparent pieces, and discern their corruptions. a1678Marvell Appleton House Wks. 1786 III. 221 By her flames, in heaven try'd, Nature is wholly vitrify'd. 1846Mrs. Gore Eng. Char. (1852) 102 The soys, ketchups,..and other..compounds, with whose astringent juices we vitrify the coats of our stomachs.
absol.1664Power Exp. Philos. i. 54 That..so small a fire can vitrify, will be better understood by him that knows how small a heat at a Lamp-Furnace will melt Glass.
2. intr. To become vitreous; to turn into glass or a substance resembling this.
a1626Bacon Physiol. Rem. (1679) 101 We see Metals will vitrify. 1712tr. Pomet's Hist. Drugs I. 103 These are apt to vitrifie, and make Glass and Crystal withal. 1770Phil. Trans. LX. 226, I imagined that metals might not calcine or vitrify except in the same circumstances. 1813Sir H. Davy Agric. Chem. (1814) 328 Such lime easily vitrifies, in consequence of the affinity of lime for silica and alumina. 1876Page Adv. Text-bk. Geol. xiv. 252 Resisting heat without slagging or vitrifying.
Hence ˈvitrifying vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1674Boyle Grounds Corpusc. Philos. 32 So strictly united..as to maintain their union in the vitrifying violence of the fire. 1756F. Home Exper. Bleaching 155 The heat was just below the vitrifying point. 1839Ure Dict. Arts 1019 White vitrifying pastes, fit for receiving all sorts of metallic colours. Ibid. 1159 The vitrifying colours are laid on by means of larger hair pencils. |