| 释义 |
▪ I. vista, n.|ˈvɪstə|
Also 7–9 visto.
[a. It. (also Sp. and Pg.) vista, f. L. vīs-, ppl. stem of vidēre to see. The form visto exhibits the common tendency to substitute -o for -a in adoptions of Romanic words: cf. -ado 2.]
1. A view or prospect, especially one seen through an avenue of trees or other long and narrow opening.
α1657R. Ligon Barbadoes 97 This is one of the pleasantest Vistos in the Iland. 1727A. Hamilton New Acc. E. Ind. I. xii. 136 The Churches..standing gradually higher than one another, make the Visto from the Sea admirably pleasant. 1742tr. Algarotti on Newton's Theory I. 122 A Landskip drawn by Claude Lorrain, or a Visto by Canalleto. 1798T. Green Diary Lover of Lit. (1810) 83 We caught a grand view of it, extending in a long visto, and bounded by the opposite projecting points of Cary Sconce and Hurst Castle. 1817J. Scott Paris Revisit. (ed. 4) 49 It was impossible to look in any direction but along the narrowing visto of canal.
β1686Burnet Trav. 222 On several hands one sees a long Vista of streets. 1711Pope Temple Fame 263 The Temple ev'ry moment grew, And ampler Vista's open'd to my view. 1735Somerville Chase iv. 480 The flow'ry Landskip, and the gilded Dome, And Vistas op'ning to the wearied Eye. 1770Goldsm. Des. Vill. 298 But verging to decline, its splendours rise, Its vistas strike, its palaces surprise. 1832G. Downes Lett. Cont. Countries I. 379 Near the tomb is obtained a splendid vista of Naples in all its glory. 1850Kingsley A. Locke xi, I stood looking wistfully over the gate..at the inviting vista of the green embroidered path. 1873Higginson Oldport Days x. 252 A piny dell gave some vista of the broad sea we were leaving.
2. a. A long narrow opening (esp. one made on purpose) in a wood, etc., through which a view may be obtained, or which in itself affords a pleasant prospect; an avenue or glade.
α1671R. Bohun Wind 29 A Mountaine in Provence which had a Visto thorough it. 1711Hermit 25 Aug. 2/2 A Visto cut thro' a Hill for which the Workmen have not seen their Money. 1733W. Ellis Chiltern & Vale Farm. 90 An old House that stood at the End of a Visto. 1756W. Toldervy Hist. 2 Orphans IV. 214 Humphry employs himself..in hunting..cutting vistoes through the woods, or gardening. a1774Goldsm. Hist. Greece II. 131 A fine park..[with] spacious vistoes, under which those who walked were shaded from the sun-beams. 1809Child 36 Fathers (N.Y.) I. 182 My eyes..were suddenly attracted by a small visto of trees, which appeared to me well suited to the indulgence of meditation.
fig.1790Burke Fr. Rev. 115 In the groves of their academy, at the end of every visto, you see nothing but the gallows.
β1686Plot Staffordsh. 37 The woods lye disperst at due distance, and if any thing large, have lawnes or vista's cut through them. 1732Mrs. Delany Life & Corr. (1861) I. 376 Below the house and between the lakes is a little copsewood which is cut into vistas and serpentine walks. 1741Richardson Pamela (1824) I. xiii. 251 He employed hands to cut a vista through a coppice. 1791W. Gilpin Forest Scenery II. 64 A winding road through a wood has undoubtedly more beauty than a vista. 1827D. Johnson Ind. Field Sports 75 The tops of the grass are cut away with a sickle so as to form a narrow vista for the passage of an arrow. 1868Nettleship Ess. Browning i. 36 A many-columned vista of a wood. 1895Rider Haggard Heart of World xiv, Everywhere stretched vistas that brought to my mind memories of the dimly-lighted nave of the great cathedral of Mexico.
b. An open corridor or long passage in or through a large building; an interior portion of a building affording a continuous view.
α1708Lond. Gaz. No. 4414/3 Newington House built with Stone after the Italian manner, with a Visto through,..to be let. c1710C. Fiennes Diary (1888) 112 An abundance of good sizeable roomes leading one out of another in Visto's through the house, something Like our new way of building. 1735W. Stukeley Mem. (Surtees) II. 36 They have opened a visto from the lodg through the gallery, to the library.
β1726Swift Gulliver iv. ii, Beyond this Room there were three others, reaching the length of the House, to which you passed through three Doors, opposite to each other, in the manner of a Vista. 1806A. Duncan Nelson's Funeral 37 The central aisle..forming in itself the grandest architectural vista in Europe. 1858Hawthorne Fr. & It. Note-bks. (1871) I. 15 The whole [sc. galleries of the Louvre] extended into infinite vistas by mirrors that..multiplied everything for ever. 1876M. E. Braddon J. Haggard's Dau. II. 15 The door at the end of the narrow little passage stood open, and the westward-fronting casement was shining like a jewel at the end of the vista.
†c. An opening or passage-way. Obs.—1
1737A. Hamilton New Acc. E. Ind. I. xiii. 155 To search well, that there should be no subterraneous Communication..[but] finding no Visto that might be suspected, they ordered the Jougies to remove their great Water Jar.
3. fig.
a. A mental view or vision of a far-reaching nature.
1673Lady's Call. ii. iii. §8 It must infinitly more do so..if they please to open a visto into the other world. 1704Norris Ideal World ii. Pref. 3, I pretend only to make a kind of visto into the intelligible world. 1848R. J. Wilberforce Doctr. Incarnation iii. (1852) 28 Those occasional intimations which open vistas into the mighty depths of God's counsels. 1876Mozley Univ. Serm. viii. 178 The human heart takes in all the great vistas and reaches of human reason. 1887Pall Mall G. 29 Dec. 6/1 The use of reading is to lighten the load of life, and to open vistas of thought which otherwise would be closed to us.
attrib.1809Malkin Gil Blas v. i. ⁋17 Catching every now and then a vista vision of ten thousand ducats.
b. A view or vision, in prospect or retrospect, of an extensive period of time or series of events, experiences, etc.
1742Young Nt. Th. vi. 117 Through the long visto of a thousand years, To stand contemplating our distant selves. 1780Burke Œcon. Reform Wks. 1906 II. 307 They might see a long, dull, unvaried visto of despair and exclusion, for half a century, before them. 1834Marryat P. Simple i, A sort of vision of future grandeur passed before me, in the distant vista of which I perceived a coach with four horses and a service of plate. 1839Murchison Silur. Syst. i. Introd. 12 As yet we can gaze but dimly into the obscure vista of these early periods. 1861M. Pattison Ess. (1889) I. 39 Dr. Pauli..to whose strong historical vision a vista of a few centuries is nothing. 1888Bryce Amer. Commw. lxxx. III. 50 They see a long vista of years stretching out before them in which they will have time enough to cure all their faults.
4. in vista, in continuous view.
1758J. Kennedy Curios. Wilton House (1786) p. xxxvii, The Rooms lie in Visto as a great Gallery. 1815W. H. Ireland Scribbleomania Pref. p. viii, Like a monotonous and undeviating route to the traveller, who..beholds the object constantly in vista. 1887Ruskin Præterita II. 259 The level road with its aisles of poplars in perspective vista.
5. Comb.: vista-dome U.S., a high glass-sided railway carriage that enables passengers to look at the view from above the normal level of the train. Freq. attrib.
1945Time 18 June 78/3 For travelers who like to watch the country go by, Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad announced a new ‘Vista Dome’ car, to be put in operation next week. 1948Sun (Baltimore) 6 Jan. 6/5 (Advt.), The Vista-Dome affords a wonderful opportunity for camera fans. 1973[see Rheingold].
Hence ˈvistal a., of the nature of a vista. ˈvistaless a., devoid of any vista or prospect.
1860Mayne Reid Wild Huntress i, The squatter's clearing..is a mere vistal opening in the woods. 1890Lippincott's Mag. Feb. 242 Was Bombin's life more aimless quite Than the vistaless one of the Sybarite?
▪ II. ˈvista, v. rare—1.
[f. the n.]
1. trans. To make into vistas.
1832Lytton Eugene A. xxxiii, The night had now closed in, and its darkness was only relieved by the wan lamps that vistaed the streets.
2. In pa. pple. Seen in vistas.
1848Lytton K. Arthur vii. xxviii, And all the galleries vista'd through the wave. |