| 释义 |
▪ I. † inˈfuse, n. Obs.
[ad. L. infūs-us a pouring in, f. ppl. stem of infundĕre: see infuse v.]
= infusion.
1568Turner Herbal iii. 47 In the infuse they are taken from iii aureis [= 11/8 drams each] untill sixe. 1596Spenser Hymn Heav. Love 47 Some little drop of thy celestiall dew, That may my rymes with sweet infuse embrew.
▪ II. † inˈfuse, a. Obs.
[a. F. infus, -e (13th c. in Hatz.-Darm.), ad. L. infūsus, pa. pple. of infundĕre to pour in: see next.]
= infused.
1502Ord. Crysten Men i. v. (W. de W. 1506) 48 There ben thre vertues theologales & infuses. That is to knowe fayth, charyte, & hope, the whiche ben called infuses, for that y⊇ whan y⊇ soule is puryfyed by baptem from orygynall synne god createth & putteth these thre vertues in the soule. c1540in Vicary's Anat. (1888) App. ix. 220 Take malvesie and white wyne, of eche a pynte, and styrre all these to-guether, and lett them stande infuse two or thre dayes.
▪ III. infuse, v.|ɪnˈfjuːz|
Also 6 en-.
[f. L. infūs-, ppl. stem of infundĕre to pour in (see infund), or a. F. infuser (15–16th c. in Hatz.-Darm.).]
1. trans. To pour in: † to pour (a liquid) into a place or vessel (obs.); to introduce (a liquid ingredient).
1432–50tr. Higden (Rolls) I. 61 The occean infusede in to diuerse places. a1625Sir W. Mure Misc. Poems xx. 14 Tho springs and founts infuis thair liquid stoir. 1637Heywood Dial. ii. Wks. 1874 VI. 128 'Tis of great consequence, what is infus'd Into a Vessell when it first is vs'd. 1713Steele Guardian No. 142 ⁋3 The one as greedily sucks in the poison, as the other industriously infuses it. 1726Swift Gulliver i. i, By the force of that soporiferous medicine infused into my liquor. 1815W. H. Ireland Scribbleomania 70 The..charm of nobility infused its balsam as an ingredient into the dose of criticism. 1908Amer. Jrnl. Physiol. XXI. 144 Saline was infused into a vein. 1972Sci. Amer. May 75/1 Intravenous feeding had its beginning in 1843, when the French physiologist Claude Bernard infused sugar solutions into the veins of animals.
2. transf. and fig.
a. To introduce as by pouring; to instil, insinuate. Used spec. of the work of God in the imparting of grace, and of nature in the implanting of innate knowledge. Const. into (in, † to).
1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 104 b, This holy gyfte of pite..is infused in to the soule of man or woman with grace. 1583Stanyhurst æneis i. (Arb.) 40 Venus enfuseth sweet sleepe to the partye resembled. 1588Shakes. Tit. A. i. i. 461 These words, these lookes, Infuse new life in me. 1605James I Gunpowder Plot in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) III. 11 All knowledge must be either infused or acquired. 1642Gataker Transubst. 129 Infants have an habite of faith infused into them in Baptisme. 1781Gibbon Decl. & F. xviii. (1869) I. 476 He infused his own intrepid spirit into the troops. 1858Buckle Civiliz. (1873) II. viii. 560 He..as far as he was able, infused new life into the old universities.
refl.1551Gardiner Explic. 127 b, The diuinite ineffably infused it selfe in to the visible Sacrament. 1596Shakes. Merch. V. iv. i. 132. 1855 Pusey Doctr. Real Presence Note S. 659 Consider how He abideth in us..infusing Himself into our bodies.
†b. To instil or try to instil a notion or belief.
1548Hall Chron., Hen. VI 158 b, Infusyng and puttyng into mens heades..his right to y⊇ crown. 1623Dk. Buckhm.'s Narrative in Rushw. Hist. Coll. (1659) I. 122 Gondomar privately infused to the Prince his Highness..That the Duke was in heart..a Roman Catholick. a1715Burnet Own Time I. 31 They..took care to infuse it into all people..that all was done to make way for Popery.
†3. To pour on or upon; to shed, diffuse. Obs.
c1420Pallad. on Husb. iii. 755 Yf ofte vppon the rootes as they stonde, The boles galle enfusid be. 1591Shakes. 1 Hen. VI, i. ii. 85 With those cleare Rayes, which shee infus'd on me, That beautie am I blest with, which you may see. 1601Holland Pliny II. 351 The white of an egg..ought to be infused, or spread vpon the foresaid wooll, with the pouder of Frankincense. a1672Sterry 2nd Posth. Vol. (1680) 323 Choice Meats infuse all their pleasant Tastes and Relishes distinctly upon the curious Palate of the Eater.
4. a. To steep or drench (a plant, etc.) in a liquid, so as to extract its soluble properties; to macerate.
1533Elyot Cast. Helthe (1541) 58 a, Reubarbarum by it selfe from two drammes unto foure, infused or stiped in lycour, from iiii drammes unto viii. 1593T. Hill Art Garden. 126 To make Artichocks..grow sweet in tast, infuse the seeds before, in either milke, with hony, or in water with sugar, or els in pleasant wine. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. vi. xii. 337 The filings of Iron infused in vinegar, will with a decoction of galles make good Inke, without any copperose at all. 1756C. Lucas Ess. Waters I. 82 They infuse the ashes of burned vegetables in their water. 1830M. Donovan Dom. Econ. I. 293 Strawberry or Raspberry Wine Bruise six gallons of either fruit; press out the juice; on the marc pour seven gallons of water; infuse for twelve hours, and press out the liquor. 1890Barrie Little Minister (1892) 261 While I am infusing my tea.
†b. To dissolve or melt. Obs.
1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts (1658) 322 Take of mel rosatum, oyl of roses, wax, and turpentine, of each, like quantity: infuse them all on the fire together.
c. intr. To undergo the process of infusion or maceration.
1615Latham Falconry (1633) 105 You must prouide some distilled water of endiue, and succorie..and into the same put a slice of rubarbe to infuse. 1799G. Smith Laboratory II. 397 Leave it to infuse till the next day. 1885R. Buchanan Annan Water vii, The pot's infusing at the kitchen fire, and I'll fetch it in mysel'.
5. With inverted constr.: To affect or act upon (a liquid) by steeping some soluble substance in it; hence, to imbue or inspire (a person or thing) with some infused quality. In wider use, to impregnate, pervade, imbue (with some quality, opinion, etc.).
1560Proud wyues Pater noster 529 in Hazl. E.P.P. IV. 176 Infuse vs with grace, Lorde, in contynaunce. 1592Shakes. Ven. & Ad. 928 Infusing them with dreadfull prophecies. 1602Marston Antonio's Rev. iv. iv, Would I had some poyson to infuse it with. 1610Shakes. Temp. i. ii. 154 Thou didst smile, Infused with a fortitude from heauen. 1626Bacon Sylva (J.), Drink, infused with flesh, will nourish faster and easier than meat and drink together. 1871L. Stephen Playgr. Europe v. ii. 305 The excessive difficulty of infusing young mountaineers with a proper sense of responsibility. 1900Westm. Gaz. 29 Jan. 1/3 The cant with which the political history of the war is infused and suffused. 1928Observer 5 Feb. 11/4 The splendid camaraderie and corporate spirit which infuse a newspaper staff.
Hence inˈfusing vbl. n.
1598Florio, Infusura, an infusing. 1680–90Temple Ess., Health Misc. 1701 III. 193 The Physician..whose greatest Skill perhaps often lies in the infusing of Hopes. |