| 释义 |
▪ I. victory, n.|ˈvɪktərɪ|
Forms: 4–7 victorie (4 uict-, 4–5 vittorie, 6 Sc. wictorie, -orrie), victorye, 4– victory (5 Sc. wictory); 4–6 vyktorye (4 fyctorye), vyctory (6 vyctorie); 4–5 vict-, 4 wict-, vikt-, 5 vittori.
[a. AF. and OF. victorie (var. of OF. and F. victoire), ad. L. victōria, f. victor victor n.1 Cf. Sp. and Pg. victoria, It. vittoria.]
1. The position or state of having overcome an enemy or adversary in combat, battle, or war; supremacy or superiority achieved as the result of armed conflict.
a. With the, as in the phr. to have (get, win) the victory. Also const. of (an enemy, etc.).
13..K. Alis. 7663 (Laud MS.), Of troye was þerinne al þe story, Hou Gregeis hadden þe victory. c1330Arth. & Merl. 3370 (Kölbing), He þonked þe king of glorie, Þat him hadde ȝouen þe victorie, To ouercomen his fomen. 1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) II. 167 Þese men..beeþ i-woned to haue the victorie and þe maistrie in euerich fiȝt. c1400Destr. Troy 6134 Our goddis the gouerne, & soche grace lene, Þat þou the victorie wyn, thi worship to saue. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) ii. 5 When any man had þe victory of his enmy. c1420Lydg. Assembly of Gods 1011 To wete whyche of hem shuld haue the victory. Ibid. 1790 Thus they contynu fyght for the victory. c1440Gesta Rom. iv. 9 (Harl. MS.), So þis yong knyȝt..fought with the enemeys, and wan þe victorie. 1509Hawes Past. Pleas. xxxvi. (Percy Soc.) 190, I..for her sake shalbe invincible Of this great monster to have the victory. 1535Coverdale Dan. vii. 21, I behelde, and the same horne made battail agaynst the sayntes, yee and gat the victory off them. 1592Kyd Span. Trag. i. ii. 64 In all this turmoyle, three long houres and more, The victory to neither part inclinde. 1611Bible 2 Macc. xii. 11 Whereupon there was a very sore battell; but Iudas side..got the victory. 1647Hexham i. s.v., To carrie away the victorie. 1666Pepys Diary 29 July, A letter from Sir W. Coventry tells me that we have the victory. 1737L. Clarke Hist. Bible (1740) I. ix. 580 For Lathyrus having gotten the Victory, pursued it to the utmost. 1777Brand Pop. Antiq. 374 This so encouraged the Grecians, that they fought strenuously, and obtained the Victory over the Persians. 1811G. Bruce Poems & Songs 19 To him..Wha..can the victory bestow On those, who to his precepts bow.
b. Without article.
1375Barbour Bruce i. 473 With few folk thai had wictory Off mychty kingis. Ibid. iii. 224 Scipio..has off the templis tane The armys..In name off wictory offerryt thar. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. v. xxiii. (Bodl. MS.), Þe cok crowiþ after bataile & victorie. 1412–20Lydg. Chron. Troy i. 3868 Nor in armys conquest nor victorie Ben not assured vp-on multitude. 1457Hardyng Chron. in Eng. Hist. Rev. Oct. (1912) 748 Of his fose he had ay vyctory. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 15 By the whiche they crucifye the worlde, and hath victory of it. 1535Coverdale Ps. lxxxviii. 43 Thou hast taken awaye the strength of his swerde, and geuest him not victory in the battayll. 1593Shakes. 3 Hen. VI, iv. i. 147 Why so: then am I sure of Victorie. Now therefore let vs hence. 1654–66Earl of Orrery Parthen. (1676) 515 Surena covered with Blood and Victory came to my Chamber. 1788Gibbon Decl. & F. xliii. IV. 282 Victory is the fruit of moral as well as military virtue. 1791Cowper Iliad xvii. 681 For him Jove leads to victory. 1839James Louis XIV, I. 144 In following up the flying squadrons of Grammont and Chabot, [he] suffered victory to escape from his hands. 1847Grote Greece ii. xxxi. IV. 229 Victory still continued on the side of Athens. 1881F. W. H. Myers Wordsworth 80 When in victory..Nelson passed away.
c. personif.
1563B. Googe Eglogs, etc. (Arb.) 124 In fyne lo Victorye at hande.., Bent for to spoyle our Foes of Fame. 1594Shakes. Rich. III, v. iii. 79 Fortune, and Victory sit on thy Helme. 1667Milton P.L. vi. 762 At his right hand Victorie Sate Eagle-wing'd. 1783Crabbe Village ii. 152 Victory seems to die now thou art dead. 1820Keats Hyperion ii. 342 That was before we knew the winged thing, Victory, might be lost, or might be won. 1885Harper's Mag. April 819/2 He..has now fallen in the arms of victory.
d. Used interjectionally as an expression of triumph or encouragement. (Cf. victoria1 1.)
1591Shakes. 1 Hen. VI, iv. vi. 1 Saint George, and Victory; fight Souldiers, fight. 1593― 3 Hen. VI, v. i. 113 Lords to the field: Saint George, and Victorie. 1681J. Flavel Meth. Grace xxviii. 479 The day of a believer's death is better than the day of his birth. Never till then, do we put off our armour, sheath our sword, and cry victory, victory. 1817Shelley Rev. Islam v. Song vi, Victory, Victory to the prostrate nations! 1821― Hellas 948 Victory! Victory! Russia's famished eagles Dare not to prey beneath the crescent's light.
2. An instance or occasion of overcoming an adversary in battle, etc.; a triumph gained by force of arms.
Cadmean victory, Pyrrhic victory: see those words. moral victory: see moral a. 7 c.
13..Sir Beues (A.) 2500 Ofte he þankede þe king in glori Of is grace & is viktori. a1340Hampole Psalter xxiii. 1 A bedel, þat eftere þe victory cries þat all þe land is þe victors. c1385Chaucer L.G.W. Prol. 22 These olde aprouede storyis Of holynesse, of regnys, of victoryis, Of loue, of hate [etc.]. c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (Percy Soc.) 3 Lyke for Davyd aftyr his victory Reyjoyssed whas alle Jerusalem. 1460J. Capgrave Chron. 33 The ix. [labour of Hercules] is the gret victorie of the beste Achildes, that blewe out fyre at his mowth. 1508Dunbar Poems vii. 66 At parlament thow suld be hye renownit, That did so mony victoryse opteyn. 1584D. Powel Lloyd's Cambria 11 Let vs..choose vnto vs a head, to leade, direct, and gouerne vs,..sith without a head, there is no victorie to be looked for. 1601Chester Love's Mart. 33 This Brytish King in warres a Conqueror, And wondrous happie in his Victories. 1659B. Harris Parival's Iron Age 53 Where, after they have been repulsed or routed, they have rallyed, and carried away many glorious victories. 1769Robertson Chas. V, iii. ⁋25 The victory at Villalar proved as decisive as it was complete. 1815Morning Chron. 22 June, We stop the press to announce the most brilliant and complete Victory ever obtained by the Duke of Wellington. 1856Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) I. ii. 90 The victory was great; but, like many victories it was fatal to the conquerors.
3. Supremacy or superiority, triumph or ultimate success, in any contest, struggle, or enterprise.
a. With the, or in pl., etc.
13..Leg. Rood (1871) 88 Mak þis in þine armes forþi, Þan sall þou haue þe victori. a1340Hampole Psalter xxvi. 6, I hope þe victory thoro his help. 1377Langl. P. Pl. B. iii. 331 Se what Salamon seith in Sapience bokes, That hij þat ȝiueth ȝiftes þe victorie wynneth. 14..Tundale's Vis. 88 Whom [sc. martyrs] Cryst Jesu eternally in glory Ordeyned hath a palme of his victory. 1526Tindale 1 John v. 4 This is the victory that ouer commeth the worlde, euen oure fayth. 1573–80Harvey Lett. Wks. (Grosart) I. 136 From my chamber the daye after mye victorye. 1597Hooker Eccl. Pol. v. lxxi. §7 Such is euer-more the finall victorie of all truth. 1639J. Taylor (Water P.) Part Summers Travels 33 (Hindley, III), The cooks hath laid small Isles of mutton, which you may invade With stomach, knife and spoon... With these, the victory you cannot fail. 1683Norris Passion of Saviour 130 This little Victory He won, Shew'd what He could have done. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 164 Observe, if he disdains to yield the Prize; Of Loss impatient, proud of Victories. 1719De Foe Crusoe ii. (Globe) 598 But I hope I have got the Victory over my self. 1779Burke Corr. (1844) II. 273 We have obtained two victories,..victories, not over our adversaries, but over our own passions and prejudices. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. vi. II. 74 The victory of the cabal of evil counsellors was there⁓fore complete. 1876Mozley Univ. Serm. v. (ed. 2) 189 The victory over the terror of death, in self-devotion produces the highest state of mind.
b. Without article.
c1315Shoreham vii. 407 Hyȝt moste neades for þe glorye, Elles hedde y-faylled fyctorye. 1340Ayenb. 167 Wyþ-oute pacience non ne heþ uictorie. 1382Wyclif Prov. xxii. 9 Victorie and worshipe shal [he] purchace, that ȝeueth ȝiftis. a1450Knt. de la Tour vii. (1868) 10 And that fast is to make you haue victori ayenst youre flesshe. 1500–20Dunbar Poems xxxvii. 27 All honour we this Lord with..glory,..That wan on tre trevmphe of he victory. 1592Shakes. Rom. & Jul. iv. i. 30 The teares haue got small victorie by that: For it was bad inough before their spight. 1605Bacon Adv. Learn. i. v. §11 Men have entered into a desire of learning..sometimes to enable them to victory of wit and contradiction. 1667Milton P.L. xii. 570 That suffering for Truths sake Is fortitude to highest victorie. 1792Gouv. Morris in Sparks Life & Writ. (1832) II. 261 He has gained no victory but over his own conscience. 1828Scott F.M. Perth xxxii, ‘There is neither victory nor defeat in the case,’ returned the Prince, drily. ‘The girl loves me not’. 1835T. Mitchell Acharn. of Aristoph. 430 note, The daughter of Antæus is placed at the goal, as the prize of victory.
4. (With capital initial.) The Roman goddess representing or typifying victory; a figure or statue of this.
1569Spenser Sonn., ‘I saw raisde vp on pillers’, On eche side portraide was a victorie, With golden wings. 1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. i. xxi. 26 b, Within it [the chariot] was Victory sitting with two wings. 1610Holland Camden's Brit. 99 Indeed by this very same portrature..I have seen..the goddesse Victorie expressed. 1704Hearne Duct. Hist. (1714) I. 437 The Sepulchral Monument of one Tatius..at Sipylus; whose Tomb was adorned with Wreaths of Plenty, held up by Victories. 1788Gibbon Decl. & F. xlv. IV. 419 Crowned with a winged figure of Victory. 1820Shelley Naples 60 Bright Altar of the bloodless sacrifice, Which armed Victory offers up unstained To Love, the flower-enchained! 1841Thackeray Second Funeral Napoleon iii. 63 Statues of plaster representing..victories, and other female personages painted in oil so as to represent marble. 1864Tennyson Boadicea 30 Suddenly giddily tottering,..down their statue of Victory fell. 1872Head Sel. Grk. Coins in Electrotype Brit. Mus. 6 Above is a flying Victory, crowning the bull with a wreath.
5. attrib. and Comb., as victory-anthem, victory ball, victory celebration, victory dance, victory-flashing adj., victory match, victory night, victory parade, victory-worthy adj.; victory bond, a bond issued by the Canadian and British governments during or immediately after the war of 1914–18; victory garden, a vegetable garden maintained to provide food in wartime (spec. in the war of 1939–45); victory point Bridge, a point scored in a championship representing a number of international match points in accordance with an agreed scale; victory roll, a rotational manœuvre about a longitudinal axis performed by an aircraft as a sign of triumph (cf. roll n.2 1 d); also fig.; victory sign, a signal made by holding up the hand with the palm outwards and the first two fingers spread apart to represent the letter V (for victory) to indicate triumph (cf. V-sign 2 a); also = V-sign 1 b.
1869W. P. Mackay Grace & Truth (1875) 122 After we have joyfully sung the victory-anthem recorded in Romans viii.
1945Auden Coll. Poetry 117 We were To go to a great banquet and a Victory Ball. 1952M. Laski Village ii. 42 To bedeck the village hall on the night of the Victory Ball.
1917Canad. Year Bk. 1916–17 693 On November 12, 1917, preparations were completed for the issue of a fourth Canadian War Loan in the form of five, ten and twenty year ‘Victory Bonds’ in denominations as low as $50. 1919Times 14 June 19/1 The provision for Victory Bonds being accepted at their face value as cash for payment of death duties. 1977Johns & Greenfield Dymond's Capital Transfer Tax xvii. 346 Victory bonds were accepted only for tax chargeable on death.
1945J. Reith Diary 4 May (1975) vii. 347, I am dreading the victory celebrations and have no sort of heart for them. 1978Cadogan & Craig Women & Children First vi. 131 When the war ends [Susan]..is..caught up in the spurious gaiety of the victory celebrations.
1921A. Noyes Sel. Verse iii. 5 (title) A victory dance. 1976Billings (Montana) Sunday Gaz. 27 June 1-d/1 The Sioux and the Arapaho have come to share in this victory dance with us.
1820Shelley Liberty xv, Lift the victory-flashing sword.
1942Wyndham Lewis Let. 10 Sept. (1963) 336 Why doesn't she lie low..and work in her victory-garden? 1978H. Wouk War & Remembrance i. 13 She had started a victory garden and seemed the merrier for it.
1709The Post-Boy 1–3 Dec., The Victory Handkerchief, which gives account of..five most Glorious Victories..over the French.
1769in Waghorn Cricket Scores 70 A cricket-match was played at Swaffham (being the victory match).
1952M. Laski Village ii. 41 The coloured electric lights that Mr. Waters had dug out for Victory night. 1977Time 26 Sept. 17/2 The victory-night hoopla of Norway's Laborites was, however, a bit premature.
1931F. L. Allen Only Yesterday i. 10 Every other city has its victory parade. 1982Warner & Sandilands Women beyond Wire xi. 179 The war in Europe became progressively less of an Axis victory parade.
1962Listener 8 Nov. 786/3 In the second half Britain went further ahead and won the match 6–0 in victory points. 1972Daily Tel. 21 June 14/5 Britain scored 42 victory points out of 60 during Monday's play in the World Bridge Olympiad.
1942Tee Emm (Air Ministry) II. 58 On returning to his aerodrome he began a victory roll, got into a spin and failed to recover. 1971A. Price Alamut Ambush vi. 73 There was no point in doing a victory roll, however. It might even be premature if he failed to handle Havergal with compassion. 1981T. Barling Bikini Red North xi. 241 The F15 Eagle..passed overhead, turning in a victory roll.
1942M. Dickens One Pair of Feet vii. 132 Her bell rang, not once, but as if she were giving the Victory sign in Morse. 1959M. Steen Woman in Back Seat ii. viii. 310 One gave the ‘victory’ sign. ‘We've beaten 'em.’ 1978L. Thomas Ormerod's Landing v. 100 They went quickly, only the idiotic boy turning around and giving the victory sign.
1552Huloet, Victory worthy, palmarius.
▪ II. † victory, v. Obs. rare.
[ad. OF. victorier or med.L. victōriāre (It. vittoriare), f. L. victōria: see prec.]
trans. To overcome, vanquish.
a1470Harding Chron. clxxxvii. ix, Greate syckenesse so had hym victoried, And droue hym out from all his region. 1576Bedingfield tr. Cardanus' Comf. 45 b, If he had beene victoryed, hee coulde not haue left to Alexander meane and power of happy procedinge. |