| 释义 |
‖ Inca|ˈɪŋkə|
Also 6–8 Inga, 7 Ingua, Ynca.
[Peruvian inca ‘lord, king, emperor’, also, more widely, ‘man of the blood royal’, the king being distinguished as Capa Inca, i.e. ‘sole lord’ (Garcilasso de Vega, Comment. reales (1609) I. xxiv).
(The form inga was, according to Garcilasso (himself of the race of Incas), a Spanish corruption.)]
1. The title of the emperor or king of Peru before its conquest by the Spaniards; also, one of the royal race of Peru, descended from Manco Capac and Mama Ocollo.
[1526Oviedo Hist. Gen. y Nat. de las Indias xlvi. xvii. (1855), Solo al superior señor le llaman Inga.] 1594Blundevil Exerc. v. (1597) 275 In the Prouince Peru..yet vnder the Gouernement of their naturall King, which then was called Ingas. 1604E. Grimstone tr. D'Acosta's Hist. W. Ind. iv. xli. 320 The Ingua king of Peru. c1645Howell Lett. (1650) II. Introd. Poem 2 Which made the Indian Inca think they were Spirits who in white sheets the aer did tear. 1668H. More Div. Dial. iii. xvi. (1713) 210 Those of Peru frequently sacrifice their Children for the success of the affairs of their Ingua. 1777Robertson Hist. Amer. (1783) III. 23 The empire of the Incas or Lords of Peru. 1840Penny Cycl. XVIII. 10/1 In 1780 the Peruvians took up arms against the Spaniards, under Tupac Amaro, an Inca. 1847Prescott Peru (1850) II. 143 The brows of the young Inca were encircled with the imperial borla by the hands of his conqueror.
2. Special comb. Inca Cockatoo, an adaptation of a German name, Inka Kakadu (cf. Reichenow, Vogelbilder aus fernen Zonen 1878–83), of the Pink or Leadbetter's Cockatoo of Australia; Inca dog, a South American species or sub-species of dog, Canis ingæ of Tschudi; Inca tern, a species of tern (Nænia inca), called also Bearded Tern.
The tern was originally described in 1826 by Lesson (Voyage de la Coquille, Zoologie 731) as ‘Sterne des Incas’ Sterna inca; placed by Boci (Isis 1844, p. 189) in a new genus Nænia, overlooking which Jardine in 1850 proposed to name it Inca mysticalis.
1887Mac Farlane in Ibis 204 There were numbers of..the beautiful slate-black Inca Tern (Nænia Inca) with its curling white moustaches and cherry-red bill and feet. |