| 释义 |
▪ I. verb|vɜːb|
Also 4–7 verbe.
[a. OF. (also mod.F.) verbe or ad. L. verbum word, verb (whence also It., Sp., Pg. verbo).]
1. Gram.
a. That part of speech by which an assertion is made, or which serves to connect a subject with a predicate.
For the numerous kinds of verbs distinguished by special epithets see the adjs. active, auxiliary, deponent, desiderative, frequentative, etc.
1388Wycliffite Bible Prol. xv. (1850) I. 57 Sumtyme it mai wel be resoluid into a verbe of the same tens. 1483Cath. Angl. 400/2 A verbe, verbum. 1530Palsgr. Introd. p. xxx, Of verbes in the frenche tong be two dyvers sortes. 1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. 120 b, The greke verbe ἐκπίπτειν souneth in latin excidere. 1544tr. Littleton's Tenures (1574) 107 b, In some case these verbes dedi & concessi have the same effect in substaunce. 1655S. Ashe Fun. Serm. Gataker 6 There is no verb to limit it unto any term of time, either past, present, or to come. 1668Wilkins Real Char. iii. i. §8. 303 That part of speech, which by our Common Grammarians is stiled a Verb,..ought to have no distinct place amongst Integrals in a Philosophical Grammar. 1725Watts Logic i. iv. §6 There are also verbs, or words of action, which are equivocal as well as nouns or names. 1784Cowper Tiroc. 619 No nourishment to feed his growing mind, But conjugated verbs and nouns declin'd? 1835T. Mitchell Acharn. of Aristoph. 241 note, The four forms of future verbs with a passive signification, which occur in Greek writers. 1904Verney Mem. I. 42 The inversion of the sentences, the verb coming at the end, is curiously like the German construction.
fig.1730Fielding Rape upon Rape ii. v, I will be a verb active, and you shall be a verb passive.
b. attrib. and Comb., as verb-complement, verb-form, verb-formation, verb-grinder, verb-phrase, verb-root, verb-stem, verb-tense; verb-centered, verb-like adjs.; also in combinations (freq. attrib.) with the sense ‘verb and —’, as verb-adverb, verb object.
1809Malkin Gil Blas v. i. ⁋3 The verb-grinder engendered in his noddle a most ingenious device. 1865Tylor Early Hist. Man. iv. 63 The reference of substantives to a verb-root in the Aryan languages. 1884Philol. Soc. Trans. 557 A more systematic consideration of the verb-formations. 1887Southworth & Goddard Our Lang. ii. iv. 35 A verb-phrase is a group of words used as a single word. 1888B. H. Kennedy Rev. Lat. Primer 94 Verbs..in which the Verb-Stem was formed by a so-called Thematic vowel added to the root. 1904Bradley Making English 124 Prefixing an adverb to a verb-stem, such as ‘outbreak, outfit’. 1912A. D. Sheffield Gram. & Thinking vi. 92 These classes we can then subdivide, thus... Auxiliaries, forming ‘verb phrases’ (is white, may go) [etc.]. 1924H. E. Palmer Gram. Spoken Eng. 121 The Anomalous Finites are the only verb-forms which may be shifted to front-position. 1933Amer. Speech VIII. iv. 7/1 The verb-adverb combination make up was capable of expressing at least fourteen different meanings. 1935Verb-like [see noun-like adj. s.v. noun 1 c]. 1935T. Hudson-Williams Short Introd. Stud. Compar. Gram. 6 The personal endings of a verb-tense or the case-endings of a noun serve all practical purposes. 1957Publ. Amer. Dial. Soc. xxviii. 132 If the IW appears with no accompanying verb-complement..the contrast..is suspended. 1962C. Barber in F. Behre Contrib. Eng. Syntax 21, I shall use traditional terminology..in the discussion of verb-tenses and of subordinate clauses. 1963F. T. Visser Hist. Syntax iv. 356 The verb-object relation..is always easily recognisable when the complement is in an unequivocal genitive case. 1964R. H. Robins Gen. Linguistics 331 Abaza, a Caucasian language, has been cited as an extreme case of a verb-centred language. 1965N. Chomsky Aspects of Theory of Syntax ii. 64 The grammatical relation Verb-Object holds of the pair (frighten, the boy). Ibid. 105 ‘Unspecified—subject is working at this job quite seriously’, where ‘at this job’ is a Verb-Complement. 1965English Studies XLVI. 76 The statements about the correlations between verb-forms and contextual factors. 1966Ibid. XLVII. 56 The problem of the verb-adverb combination (e.g. he takes off his hat). 1974Amer. Speech 1970 XLV. 266 Not only does he place himself in the mainstream of..the verb-centred approach.., but he also clearly anticipates the drift towards..the verb⁓centered generative semantics of..Chafe. 1977Dædalus Fall 118 It might have a rule that rewrites sentence as Noun Phrase followed by Verb Phrase. 1978Language LIV. 118 When we consider the range of verb-like elements, the explanation in terms of proximity becomes more interesting.
†2. principal verb, the chief or most important thing. Obs.
1616J. Lane Contn. Sqr.'s T. vii. 582 ‘Sirrah,’ Cambuscan lowrd, ‘all yee haue loste Your principale verbe (credite) which yee boste’. 1642Remonstr. Lords & Comm. in Parl. 26 May 20 That therefore which is the principle Verbe in this Statute, is the serving of the King for the time being. 1670in C. N. Robinson Brit. Fleet (1894) 122 The Quality of the Commodity is not considered, but the gratuity to the officer is the principal Verb. 1728North Mem. Music (1846) 80 The violin was scarce knowne tho' now the principall verb.
†3. A word. Obs. rare.
a1716South Serm. (1744) IX. 125 That so it might appear, that the assistance of the spirit promised to the church was not a vain thing, or a mere verb.
▪ II. verb, v.|vɜːb|
[f. verb n.; cf. verbing vbl. n.]
trans. To use (a word, esp. a noun) as a verb; = verbify v.
1936F. Clune Roaming round Darling vii. 62 The Poet accused me of verbing a noun, but I soon fixed him. I threatened to noun a verb. 1978Verbatim Sept. 7/1 Take..the four names of the four seasons. Two have been verbed, and two have not. One summers, in Maine, and winters, perhaps, in Florida. 1984Philos. of Sci. LI. 465 Practically any noun can be verbed in English. |