| 释义 |
Venturi|vɛnˈtjʊərɪ|
Also venturi.
The name of G. B. Venturi (1746–1822), Italian physicist, used: a. attrib. to designate a short constriction in a tube between two longer tapered portions that are usu. of unequal length but terminate with the same diameter, so that there is a drop in pressure in a fluid flowing through the constriction which may be used to determine the rate of flow or used as a source of suction; also devices having this form and the effect involved.
1887C. Herschel in Trans. Amer. Soc. Civil Engineers XVII. 231 Bourdon's anemometer is founded upon the property of a Venturi tube to exercise a sucking action. Ibid. 232 Then came the Bourdon anemometer..and now the instrument herein described, the Venturi Water Meter. Ibid. 239 The actual operations of the Venturi meter as applied to a water-pipe in ordinary service. 1894W. K. Burton Water Supply of Towns 285 The ‘Venturi tube’, which has long been used as a means of roughly estimating the velocity of air-currents, has recently been used as a water-meter. 1917Jrnl. Agric. Res. IX. 115 Preliminary experiments on a new type of device, called the ‘Venturi flume’, for measuring water in open channels. 1930Engineering 24 Jan. 97/1 Each branch has a Venturi section for measurement of flow. 1931Handbk. Aeronautics (R. Aeronaut. Soc.) viii. 515 Venturi anemometer heads use a venturi for producing a suction in order to increase the pressure difference obtainable with a pitot static tube. 1937Times 4 Oct. 23/4 Provision against freezing and against blocking by ice and snow must be made in carburettors, venturi tubes, and the vents of fuel and oil tanks in new passenger aircaft. 1951Industr. & Engin. Chem. June 1325/1 Deposition of a spray on the walls must be considered in the design and operation of several types of industrial equipment, including Venturi scrubbers and atomizers, combustion chambers in which liquid fuels are burned, and spray dryers. 1971J. W. Ireland Mechanics of Fluids ix. 340 A venturi-flume is to be installed in a channel conveying water with the object of raising the level of the water upstream. 1973Times 12 Feb. (Anchor Project Suppl.) p. ii/6 Collection of exhaust gases from the BOS vessels will be by the OG suppressed combustion system, and their cleaning by a two-stage venturi scrubber system. 1974Sci. Amer. Feb. 100/3 The venturi effect in the narrow spaces between buildings can increase the velocity of the wind. 1977Lancet 24 Sept. 641/1 We describe a method of pooling the contents of several packs by means of a simple vacuum box worked from an ordinary water tap and a Venturi pump.
b. absol.
1887C. Herschel in Trans. Amer. Soc. Civil Engineers XVII. 239 The water was passing through the Venturi with similar velocities. 1921Sci. Amer. 15 Oct. 275/1 An idea of the shape of the venturi becomes obvious by comparing it with an old-fashioned blunderbuss. 1942G. Casey in Murdoch & Drake-Brockman Austral. Short Stories (1951) 361 Venturis down below [in a mine] and water everywhere to keep the dust down. 1952Archit. Rev. CXI. 138/2 A drip-proof high efficiency burner with fixed venturi, providing flame stability at low consumptions. 1976K. Thackeray Crownbird ii. 36 The wind played strange tricks, the entrance acting as a venturi with gusts swirling in great spirals. |