| 释义 |
impound, v.|ɪmˈpaʊnd|
Also 6–7 empound, impownd.
[f. em- or im-1 + pound n.2]
1. a. trans. To shut up in a pound or pinfold (cattle legally seized).
1554[see impounding below]. 1569in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxford (1880) 327 To impounde..every of their catell put in above their rate. 1641Termes de la Ley, Parco fracto is a Writ that lies against him that breakes any pownd and takes out the beasts which are there lawfully impownded. 1688Lond. Gaz. No. 2399/4 A Bay Mare..having strayed and been impounded near Hogsden. 1807Vancouver Agric. Devon (1813) 346 To exempt them from all liability of having their sheep impounded or taken up as estrays. 1851H. Martineau Hist. Peace iv. ix. (1877) III. 24 Some cattle..had been impounded for tithe-payment.
fig.1584Fenner Def. Ministers (1587) 16 The other questions because they are driuen in ouer the hedge..wee will nowe impounde them.
b. gen. To shut up (cattle) in an enclosure.
1877J. A. Allen Amer. Bison 575 The Indians..in the habit of hunting the buffalo by impounding them, or by driving them into an artificial enclosure. 1878A. Aylward Transvaal ii. 17 The sun being set, and the cattle and stock impounded in their kraals and places of safety.
2. a. To shut in, enclose, confine (a person or thing) as in a pound.
1562T. Phaer æneid ix. C civ, King Latyns wife gets here no gage, Nor she thy fathers walls this time empoundes in cage. 1566Drant Horace, Sat. vi. H v b, A fountayne bryghte, with stones empounded rounde. 1622Bacon Hen. VII 169 How to impound the Rebels, that none of them might escape. 1832G. Downes Lett. Cont. Countries I. 2 On landing, we were impounded for about ten minutes within an enclosure of ropes and chains, before we were admitted into the Custom-house.
fig.1574R. Scot Hop Gard. To Rdr., The Flemmings..seeking to impownde vs in the ignoraunce of our commodities. a1639Wotton in Reliq. (1685) 240 As for Cæsar..they gave him at first only Illyricum and the nearer Gallia..(as it were to impound his spirits). a1848R. W. Hamilton Rew. & Punishm. vii. (1853) 291 What right have they to impound the truth?
b. spec. To confine and store (water) in a reservoir; to confine water so as to form (a reservoir).
1861W. Fairbairn Rep. Brit. Assoc. lxiv, By this means forty million gallons of water per day are conveyed..into the Mugdock basin, where the water is impounded for distribution. 1893Turner & Brightmore Princ. Waterworks Engin. iv. 183 The entire site should be closely contoured at every foot of elevation, in order to determine the extent of the works required to impound the desired quantity of water. 1937Discovery June 186/2 It [sc. the dam] impounds 1,400,000,000 gallons of water. 1959Chambers's Encycl. IV. 355/2 The lake impounded by the Grand Coulee is 150 mls long. 1966G. M. Fair et al. Water & Wastewater Engin. I. ii. 6 Necessary reservoirs are impounded by throwing dams across the stream valley.
3. To seize or secure by legal right; to take legal or formal possession of (a document or the like) to be held in custody of the law.
1651N. Bacon Disc. Govt. Eng. ii. vii. (1739) 40 Because they found them impounded in the Staple, they set all at liberty to buy and sell the same as they pleased. 1768Blackstone Comm. III. i. 12 The things distreined must in the first place be carried to some pound, and there impounded by the taker. 1851Dixon W. Penn ii. (1872) 10 Officers came down from Seville..impounded his goods, his plate, his jewels. 1885Law Times LXXIX. 39/1 Her life interest can be impounded for the benefit of the disappointed parties.
fig.1782Hist. Eur. in Ann. Reg. 141/2 To impound..{pstlg}520,000 of the public money..for the sole and exclusive service of the navy.
Hence imˈpounded ppl. a.; imˈpounding vbl. n. and ppl. a. (as impounding reservoir, a reservoir whose function is to store sufficient water to ensure an uninterrupted supply in times of relative drought). Also imˈpoundable a., liable to be impounded; imˈpoundage, imˈpoundment, the act of impounding; imˈpounder, one who impounds or puts cattle, etc. into pound.
1554Act 1 & 2 Phil. & M. c. 12 Preamb., Disorder in taking of Distresses and impoundyng of Cattayle. 1611Cotgr., Parchage, impoundage, or an impounding. 1664–5Act 16–17 Chas. II, c. 11 §9 Present sale thereof to make after the fowerth day of Impoundment. 1676Marvell Mr. Smirke 49 Whensoever a Christian transgresses these bounds once, he is impoundable, or like a wafe and stray whom Christ knows not, he falls to the Lord of the Mannor. 1828Webster, Impounder. 1875Encycl. Brit. II. 225/1 With but little artificial addition, Loch Katrine, Loch Venachar, and Loch Drunkie were converted into impounding reservoirs, the first for the supply of the city, and the two latter for compensation. 1888J. Inglis Tent Life Tigerland 152 The bleating of an impounded kid. 1889Pall Mall G. 26 June 1/3 A warning note as to the safety of the impounding reservoirs in this country. 1892Daily News 6 Apr. 2/6 He could subpœna the officer of the Court to produce the impounded documents at Bow-street. 1893Turner & Brightmore Princ. Waterworks Engin. iv. 172 The first-mentioned requirement is satisfied by the formation of ‘impounding-reservoirs’, the office of which is to gather the irregular natural yield of surface-water, in order that it may be supplied at a uniform rate; the second is met by the construction of ‘service-reservoirs’, tanks and cisterns, from which water is distributed as required by the hourly demands of consumers. 1954Fair & Geyer Water Supply & Waste-Water Disposal viii. 188 In the absence of adequate natural storage, engineers resort to the construction of impounding reservoirs, or, more rarely, to the excavation of storage basins. Ibid. 192 Allowances for evaporation from the water surface that is created by the impoundage. Ibid. 195 When more than one reservoir is developed on a stream, the overflow from each impoundage becomes available to the reservoir next below. 1957Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 432/2 Virtually all public regulatory authorities require that the impoundment be sufficiently great to provide for the release of compensation waters for downstream users. 1973New Yorker 28 Apr. 29/3 There is some room for impoundment, but not to the tune of twelve billion dollars. |