| 释义 |
ˈvellicate, v. Now rare or Obs.
Also 7 vellicat.
[f. L. vellicāt-, ppl. stem of vellicāre, frequentative of vellĕre to pull, pluck, twitch, etc. Cf. Sp. velicar, Pg. vellicar.]
1. trans. Of things: To act upon or affect so as to irritate; esp. to pluck, nip, pinch, or tear (a part of the body) by means of small or sharp points.
Chiefly in old medical use with reference to the action of medicaments, sharp or acrid substances, etc., on the tissues of the body. Freq. in the 17th and 18th centuries.
1604F. Herring Modest Defence 16 They [i.e. strong medicines] doe forcibly vellicat, offend and violat her [Nature]. 1669W. Simpson Hydrol. Chym. 27 Those corrosive fretting, pontick, and acid juyces, which vellicate and prick the nerves. 1685Boyle Enq. Notion Nat. 223 The Fibres..of the Stomach, Bowels, and other Parts, being..Vellicated by the Plenty or Acrimony of the Peccant Matter. 1708Brit. Apollo No. 113. 2/2 Some sharp Humor on that part..may vellicate and twitch it. 1783Bryant Flora Diætetica 168 A hairy, bristly substance, which..will, by pricking and vellicating the coats of stomach and bowels, many times occasion sickness. 1822–7Good Study Med. (1829) I. 82 The same effect is produced whenever the teeth are vellicated by smooth substances, as a piece of silk or velvet.
absol.1744Berkeley Siris §61 The æthereal oils being deprived of the acid spirit in distillation, which, vellicating and contracting as a stimulus, might have proved a counterpoise to the excessive lubricating..qualities of the oil.
b. Of persons: To tickle or titillate.
1755Phil. Trans. XLIX. 242, I vellicated the pericranium with the end of a knife. a1778C. Darwin Experiments (1780) 94 Thus, if you vellicate the throat with a feather, nausea is produced. 1794–6E. Darwin Zoon. (1801) I. 281 So when children expect to be tickled in play..by gently vellicating the soles of their feet, laughter is most vehemently excited.
†2. fig. To carp at; to criticize adversely. Obs.
1633T. Adams Exp. 2 Peter ii. 1 These are they that vellicate authority. 1662Owen Animad. Fiat Lux vi, If any one..have a mind..to vellicate commonly received maxims. 1686H. More in J. Norris Lett. (1688) 208 Reading the confirmation of your Hypothesis, which I took the boldness a little to vellicate.
3. intr. To twitch; to contract or move convulsively. rare.
1670Maynwaring Vita Sana xiii. 120 Fast not, but satisfie the Stomach when it vellicates and calls for meat. 1864Webster, Vellicate, to move spasmodically; to twitch; as, a nerve vellicates.
Hence ˈvellicating ppl. a.
1669Address to Gentry Eng. 81 Many a pregnant spirit is suffocated in the streight enclosures of a confining vellicating fortune. 1684tr. Bonet's Merc. Compit. iii. 67 It washes the vellicating Humours from the original of the Nerves. 1743tr. Heister's Surg. 365 The increased Flux of Tears, excited by the vellicating Body. 1751Smollett Per. Pic. (1779) I. xiii. 112 Lubricating injections to defend the coats of the stomach..from the vellicating particles. 1768Elaboratory 218 A vellicating and pungent action. 1853Mayne Expos. Lex. 48 Amycticus,..irritating; vellicating. |