| 释义 |
immunogen Biol. and Med.|ɪˈmjuːnəʊdʒən|
[f. immuno- + -gen.]
1. An antigenic substance, or a preparation of it, believed to reside in the ectoplasm of the bacterial cell and to be removed by washing.
Immunogen has been registered as a proprietary name in Great Britain and the U.S.A.
1923Trade Marks Jrnl. 31 Jan. 181 Immunogen... Parke Davis & Company. 1923Official Gaz. (U.S. Patent Office) 18 Dec. 550/1 Immunogen... Immunizing Agents Used for the Prophylaxis and Treatment of Diseases of Bacterial Origin. 1926Horder & Ferry in Brit. Med. Jrnl. 31 July 179/2 As it would appear from these results..that the antigenic or immunizing portion of the bacterial cell is more ectoplasmic than endoplasmic in origin, it is proposed to call this type of antigen an ‘ectoantigen’, and for products prepared in such a manner as to contain only this ectoantigen the designation ‘immunogens’ is suggested, to distinguish them from other antigenic products already in use. 1928Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 15 Dec. 1914/2 There is no difference between vaccines and immunogens. Their sphere of action is the same. Generally speaking it would be best to prepare vaccines or immunogens from ‘autogenous material’, but when that is not practicable commercial preparations may be used. 1929J. W. Bigger Handbk. Bacteriol. (ed. 2) vi. 88 ‘Immunogens’ (Horder & Ferry) are the washings of bacteria. They are stated to contain the immunizing substances of bacteria without the toxins. 1934Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 22 Sept. 939/2 A little girl..was given..doses of catarrhal immunogen (Parke-Davis) on biweekly visits. Ibid., Immunogen (Parke, Davis & Co.) may be a mixture of antigenic substances. It is not on the accepted list of New and Nonofficial Remedies.
2. Any substance that elicits an immune response or produces immunity in the recipient (see quots.).
1959A. D. Bussard in Ann. Rev. Microbiol. XIII. 280 The following terms will be used..in the course of this review: immunogenicity: ability of a substance to direct the formation of a specific antibody; antigenicity: ability of a substance to react with an antibody under a given set of conditions. An immunogen is a substance exhibiting immunogenicity and an antigen, a substance exhibiting antigenicity. 1971S. O. Freedman et al. Clin. Immunol. i. 3 Although the terms immunogen and antigen are frequently used interchangeably, they are not necessarily synonymous. Immunogenicity may be defined as the capacity of a substance to initiate a humoral or cell-mediated immune response, whereas antigenicity may be defined as the capacity of a substance to bind specifically with the antibody molecules whose formation it has elicited... Employed correctly, the term immunogen specifies that a substance acts at the afferent limb of the immune response... Most conventional antigens possess both immunogenic and antigenic capacities. 1972Science 2 June 1028/3 Pneumococcal polysaccharides are generally considered weak immunogens since they elicit poor primary antibody responses. |