| 释义 |
idioblast|ˈɪdɪəʊblɑːst, -æ-|
[f. idio- + -blast.]
1. Bot. An individual plant-cell of different nature or content from the surrounding tissue (Sachs).
1882Vines Sachs' Bot. 84 It is not unusual for individual cells in a tissue otherwise homogeneous to become developed in a manner strikingly different from their neighbours; to such cells I have applied the term Idioblast.
2. Cytology. [a. G. idioblast (O. Hertwig Zelle und Gewebe (1893) I. ix. 272).] A hypothetical structural unit of living protoplasm. Obs. exc. Hist.
1893Nature 2 Feb. 315 He [sc. O. Hertwig]..suggests the employment of the term ‘Idioblasts’ for the minute elementary particles, which Darwin called ‘gemmules’ in his hypothesis of pangenesis. 1925E. B. Wilson Cell (ed. 3) 1134 Idiosome, the same as idioblast, plasome, pangen etc.
3. Petrol. [a. G. idioblast (F. Becke 1904, in Compt. Rend. IX Sess. Congr. Géol. Internat. II. 564)], a mineral crystal within a metamorphic rock which has developed its own characteristic crystal faces.
1920A. Holmes Nomencl. Petrol. 122 Idioblast, Becke, 1903, a term applied to pseudoidiomorphic crystals, such as garnet, occurring in metamorphic rocks. 1962T. F. W. Barth Theoret. Petrol. (ed. 2) 288 The majority of the minerals in metamorphic rocks are irregular in outline, xenoblasts; but some minerals are frequently bounded by their own crystal faces, idioblasts.
So idioˈblastic a. Petrol., (of a mineral crystal within a metamorphic rock) having its own characteristic crystal faces; (of a crystal face) having its own characteristic form; idioblastic order, idioblastic series, a ranking of minerals expressing their relative ability to develop idioblastic crystals when competing with each other.
1908Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. LXIV. 482 Most of the hornblende existing in the amphibolite..is clearly secondary, and from its idiomorphic forms would be called ‘recrystallized’... For such cases Prof. F. Becke has proposed the term idioblastic. 1954H. Williams et al. Petrogr. ix. 166 It is possible to list metamorphic minerals in a generalized sequence—the crystalloblastic series (idioblastic order)—such that each tends to develop idioblastic surfaces against any other mineral placed lower in the series. |