| 释义 |
iconoscope|aɪˈkɒnəskəʊp|
[f. icono- + -scope.]
†1. [a. F. iconoscope (E. Javal 1866, in Compt. Rend. LXIII. 927).] (See quot. 1890.) Obs.
1866Chem. News 7 Dec. 273/2 (heading) On a new instrument, the iconoscope, intended to give relief to plain images examined with the two eyes. 1890Billings Med. Dict. 678/2 Iconoscope, an instrument for suppressing binocular parallax. It makes real objects appear flat like pictures, but..gives to flat pictures a relief like that obtained by a monocular view, by removing those binocular sensations that keep the observer reminded of the flatness of the picture. It may be described briefly as a small telestereoscope reversed. 1900C. Weiland tr. Tscherning's Physiol. Optics xxiii. 321 The iconoscope of Javal resembles somewhat an inverted telestereoscope. Ibid., Looking through the iconoscope the relief is more marked than when simply closing one eye.
2. A kind of television camera tube (now little used) in which the target plate that receives the image consists of a mosaic of photoemissive material on an insulating sheet that is backed with a conducting sheet, the video signal being obtained from the variation in the current flowing to or from this latter sheet as the mosaic is scanned with an electron beam.
The term was registered in the U.S.A. as a trade name in 1935 but it is now a generic term in the public domain.
1933V. K. Zworykin in Jrnl. Inst. Electr. Engin. LXXIII. 437/1 The device has been named the ‘iconoscope’, and it consists of a vacuum tube containing an electron-emitting gun and a photo-sensitive surface of a unique type. This photo-sensitive surface is scanned by an electron beam from the gun, which serves as a type of inertialess commutator. 1935[see definition 5 c]. 1953Amos & Birkinshaw Television Engin. I. iv. 68 Iconoscope camera tubes have given satisfactory results in television services over a number of years. 1961G. Millerson Technique Television Production 50 A familiar effect with the iconoscope camera-tube, shading appears as gradual darkening or lightening over parts of the picture. 1966McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. XIII. 464/1 The iconoscope was used in early live television broadcasting but is now used only in motion picture reproduction... The vidicon is replacing the iconoscope as a film reproducer.
b. Applied to a modified form of the instrument intended as an infra-red telescope or detector.
1946Electronic Engin. XVIII. 317 Another instrument used by the Germans was an infra-red iconoscope. It does not differ in general principle from the iconoscope used in television, the only difference being in the photosensitive layer. Whereas in television, a mosaic layer..is used, the infra-red instrument uses a semiconducting layer, the resistance of which changes on irradiation. 1949A. R. Weyl Guided Missiles 97 The final installation would have been the ‘Electric Eye’ iconoscope target-finding device of Rambauske which was, however, not operationally developed when the War came to an end. |