| 释义 |
hyperborean, a. and n.|haɪpəˈbɔəriːən|
[ad. late L. hyperboreān-us = classical L. hyperboreus, ad. Gr. ὑπερβόρεος, -βόρειος (in early writers only in pl. Ὑπερβόρεοι, the Hyperboreans), f. ὑπερ- hyper- 1 + βόρειος northern, βορέας the north wind, Boreas. Cf. F. hyperboréen, hyperborée; the latter is found in the 14th c.]
A. adj.
1. Of, pertaining to, or characterizing the extreme north of the earth, or (colloq. or humorously) of a particular country; in ethnological use, cf. B.
1591Sylvester Du Bartas i. v. 635 Gray-beard Boreas..Is prisoned close in th' Hyper-Borean Cave. 1633C. Butler Eng. Gram. (L.), Northern Isles; as Groenland, Freesland, Iseland, etc., even to the hyperborean or frozen sea. a1649Drummond of Hawthornden Poems Wks. (1711) 6 The hyperborean hills. 1740J. Warton Virg. Georg. iv. 618 The Hyperborean ice he wander'd o'er. 1860Maury Phys. Geog. Sea (Low) x. §488 This water then may go off as an under current freighted with heat to temper some hyperborean region. 1875F. Parkman in N. Amer. Rev. CXX. 37 The first, or Hyperborean, group comprises the tribes of Alaska and a part of British America. 1885Manchester Exam. 12 Jan. 6/1 We are held to dwell..in a hyperborean region, though we are only two hundred miles from London.
b. Of or pertaining to the fabled Hyperboreans.
1613Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 398 The Hyperborean [nation], which..dwell in an Iland in the Ocean neere unto the Pole. 1806R. Fellowes tr. Milton's 2nd Def. (1848) I. 272 Some hyperborean and fabled hero, decorated with all the shewy varnish of imposture.
2. (nonce-use.) Surpassing that of the north wind.
1859Thackeray Virgin. lxxix, He blew a hyperborean whistle, as if to blow his wrath away.
B. n. An inhabitant of the extreme north of the earth; in pl. members of an ethnological group of Arctic races. loosely and fig. One who lives in a northerly clime.
In Greek legend the Hyperboreans were a happy people who lived in a land of perpetual sunshine and plenty beyond the north wind.
1601Holland Pliny I. 121 Certain people..not much vn⁓ like in their maner of life to the Hyperboreans. 1613Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 395 Next to these both in place and credit, we may reckon the Hyperboreans. 1816Keatinge Trav. (1817) II. 138 At six in the morning the yokes of oxen were going to their work a field; and nearly three hours advantage..of active life is possessed [in France] over us Hyperboreans. 1856Kane Arct. Expl. II. i. 24 Our party of American hyperboreans.
Hence hyperˈboreanism (nonce-wd.), an extreme northernism.
1824De Quincey Goethe Wks. 1863 XII. 207 note, ‘Just’..[in ‘we must just put up with it’], is a Hyperboreanism, and still intelligible in some provinces. |