| 释义 |
‖ hypallage|hɪˈpælədʒiː, haɪp-|
Also 6 hipallage, hyppalage, (7 hypallagy).
[L. hypallagē, a. Gr. ὑπαλλαγή interchange, exchange, f. ὑπό hypo- 1 + ἀλλάσσειν (stem ἀλλαγ-) to exchange. Cf. F. hypallage (16th c.).]
A figure of speech in which there is an interchange of two elements of a proposition, the natural relations of these being reversed.
Servius, in commenting on Virg. æn. iii. 61, explains dare classibus austros as a hypallage for dare classes austris. In Quintilian (viii. vi. 23) the word (written as Greek) has the sense of metonymy, and English authors have sometimes applied it loosely or incorrectly to other variations from natural forms of expression, esp. to the transference of attributes from their proper subjects to others (cf. quot. 1586).
1586A. Day Eng. Secretary ii. (1625) 83 Hypallage, when by change of property in application a thing is delivered, as to say..the wicked wound thus given, for, having thus wickedly wounded him. 1589Puttenham Eng. Poesie iii. xv. (Arb.) 183 The Greekes call this figure (Hipallage)..we in our vulgar may call him the (vnderchange) but I had rather haue him called the (Changeling). 1654Vilvain Theorem. Theol. vi. 153 Names of Men may import Men of name, sith such Hypallages are usual in Scripture. 1789Madan Persius (1795) 66 note, Casaubon..says that this is an Hypallage. 1844T. Mitchell Sophocles I. 25 note, Hypallages of this kind abound in Sophocles. 1874T. N. Harper Peace through Truth Ser. ii. 1. 44 note, The phrase, ‘you also are become dead to the law’,..is a hypallage for ‘the law has become dead to you’.
Hence hyˈpallagize v. intr., to use hypallage.
1896F. Hall in Nation (N.Y.) LXII. 342/1 Here Shakespeare hypallagizes. |