| 释义 |
▪ I. uro-1|ˈjʊərəʊ|
combining form of Gr. οὖρο-ν urine, used in many terms of physiological chemistry, etc., which denote esp. (a) pigments present in or derived from urine, as uroˈcyanin, uro-cyˈanogen, uro-ˈmelanin, uro-ˈphæin(e, uro-ˈpittin(e, uro-ˈrhodin, uro-theoˈbromin(e; (b) a morbid condition of the urine (or urinary organs), as urocyˈstitis, uro-ˈplania; (c) instruments for investigating the urine, as urograˈvimeter, uˈrometer, = urinometer; also used in various adjs., as uroˈleucic (acid); uroˈphanic, appearing in the urine; uˈrophanous, passing into the urine; uroˈsexual, urogenital; etc. The more important or earlier examples will be found below, as urobenzoate, -chrome, -genital, etc.
Also (in medical or some recent Dicts.) urocele, uro-cyst(ic, uro-genous, uro-lith, uro-lithic, uro-lithology, uro-phthisis, uro-rrhagy, uro-rrhœa, urosis, etc. (Cf. F. urocyanine, -cystite, -mètre, -planie.)
1820Good Nosology 451 Paruria erratica..has often been described under the name of uroplania. 1852Todd's Cycl. Anat. IV. ii. 1244/1 The urethra, or uro-sexual canal. 1855W. D. Moore tr. Heller's Chem. Urine 15 Heller's urometer. Ibid. 25 Kreatin and kreatinin..occur in the flesh of muscle, and are urophanous. 1858Copland Dict. Pract. Med. III. 1196 Chronic uro-cystitis is often..a consequence of stricture of the urethra. 1858Thudichum Urine 34 Urogravimeters..made of..glass or metal. Ibid. 131 This denomination may be considered as corresponding to Heller's urophæine. Ibid. 380 Urophanic Organic Acids. 1868Watts' Dict. Chem. V. 963 Urorhodin,..uromelanin,..uropittin. 1883C. A. McMunn in Brit. Med. Jrnl. 1 Dec. 1060/2 The various colouring matters which I have met with in urine..are normal and febrile—urobilin, urohæmatin, urolutein,..urohodin, and others without names. 1888Kirk in Brit. Med. Jrnl. 4 Aug. 233/1 The finest specimens have been of an opaque, almost milk-white, hue; and from this circumstance we would propose to call this body ‘uroleucic acid’. 1900Lancet 6 Jan. 36/1 Urotropine..appears to be a compound produced by the action of formaldehyde on ammonia and is known shortly as formin.
b. urodyˈnamics, the branch of medicine concerned with the containment and flow of urine in the body; hence urodyˈnamic a.; uroliˈthiasis, lithiasis in the bladder or urinary tract; uroˈthelium [epithelium], the epithelium of the urinary tract, esp. the bladder; hence uroˈthelial a.; uroˈtropine |-piːn|, † -in [ad. G. urotropin (A. Nicolaier 1895, in Deut. med. Wochenschr. 22 Aug. 541/1): see -tropic, -ine5] = hexamethylenetetramine s.v. hexa-.
1963Jrnl. Urol. XC. 730/2 Practical application of electromanometric urodynamic studies depends upon additional information. 1981Brit. Med. Jrnl. 23 May 1706/3 The clinical and urodynamic evaluation of incontinence in elderly patients.
1954D. M. Davis in Ann. Surg. CXL. 839 (heading) The hydrodynamics of the upper urinary tract (urodynamics). 1977Lancet 13 Aug. 335/2 The past decade has witnessed an enormous step forward in our knowledge and understanding of the mechanisms involved in incontinence in women and consequently of the principles of management. The new science that has evolved is that of urodynamics.
1865W. Roberts Pract. Treat. Urinary & Renal Dis. ii. iii. 209 (heading) Gravel and calculus. (Urolithiasis.) 1926Young & Davis Young's Pract. Urol. I. vi. 388 Urolithiasis is one of the four important and serious conditions causing hematuria. 1966Lancet 31 Dec. 1455/2 The prevalence of urolithiasis in Arad was lower than in the Beersheba settlers, and the urinary output was higher. 1977Ibid. 26 Mar. 684/2 Close similarities between Balkan nephropathy and urothelial tumours with respect to geographical clustering, age, and sex.
1954P. A. Narath in M. Campbell Urology I. i. iii. 88 Absorption is accomplished by the urothelium which lines the tract. 1977Proc. R. Soc. Med. LXX. 413/2 In patients with bacterial infections of the lower urinary tract it is possible that small amounts of nitrosamines may be produced which could initiate neoplastic or preneoplastic changes in the urothelium.
1895Amer. Practitioner & News XX. 486 The name urotropin was applied to hexamethylenetetramin owing to the changes which its administration brought about in the urine. 1897Lippincott's Med. Dict. 1097/2 Urotropine. 1898Therapist VIII. 115/1 (heading) Administration of urotropine and its effects upon the urine. 1940[see hexamethylenetetramine s.v. hexa-]. 1967J. A. Simmons et al. in H. S. Pieser Crystal Growth (Jrnl. Physics & Chem. Solids Suppl.) 270/1 In the cases of urotropine and arsenolite the growth forms change when the crystal starts with disturbed growth.
▪ II. uro-2|ˈjʊərəʊ|
combining form of Gr. οὐρ-ά tail, occurring in many terms of comparative anatomy, etc. (of which the more important are entered in their places below), designating or relating to a posterior, caudal, or tail-like part, region, segment, or process, as urogaster, uro-mere, uro-pod, uro-pteran, uro-some, uro-somite, uro-steon, uro-sternite ns.; urochordal, uro-gastric, uro-podal, uro-pyloric, uro-sacral, uro-stylar adjs.
Various other examples are entered in some special Dicts., as uromeric, uro-platoid, uro-somatic, uro-stegal, uro-stege, uro-stegite, uro-sthene, uro-sthenic, etc.
1825Encycl. Metrop. XVII. 595/1 Decapoda. The hinder part of the body, which Latreille calls the post-abdomen, or Urogaster, but which is usually though erroneously called the tail. [Hence in Mayne, etc.] 1842Brande Dict. Sci., etc. 1278 Uropterans, Uroptera,..a family of Amphipodous Crustaceans, including those in which the tail is terminated by enlarged appendages in the shape of fins. 1877Huxley Anat. Inv. Anim. vi. 319 A strong calcified urocardiac process. 1884Coues N. Amer. Birds 114 Urosacral or false tail-bones. 1896Calman Deep-Sea Crustacea 19 The outer plate of the uropod. 1898A. S. Packard Text-book of Entomology 163 We have designated the abdomen, as the urosome; the abdominal segments of insects..as uromeres, and the sternal sclerites as urosternites. |