| 释义 |
ˈhusbandland
[f. husband n. or ON. húsbóndi in its sense of ‘freeholder’ + land.]
An old Northumbrian and Lowland Scotch term for the holding of a ‘husband’ or manorial tenant, = yardland, virgate; the land occupied and tilled by the tenants of a manor, in contradistinction to the demesne lands.
As this holding normally consisted of two bovates or ox-gangs, the word was sometimes taken as = this quantity of arable land.
[c1290Liber de Calchou (1846) 461 Habent villam de bolden in qua sunt viginti octo terre husbandorum, quarum quelibet solebat reddere per annum vjs. et viijd...et faciendo talia seruicia [etc.] 1321Merton Coll. Rec. No. 6186 Willelmus Alsilwyr pro i. toft' et i. bovett' de terra dominici et ij. bovett' de terra husband' reddit iiij. li. ]1414Newminster Cartul. (Surtees) 264 Unam terram vocatam Husbondeland. 1567Surv. Long Houghton in Bateson Hist. Northumbld. II. 370 Before the partition of this towne, every tenant had, besyd his husband lande, certayne parte of the demayne lands; every husband lande was at the yearly rent of xxijs. 15..Acts Parlt. Scotl. I. 198 Item xiij akker of land is callit ane ox gang. Tua ox gang is ane husband land. 1633Sc. Acts Chas. I, c. 5 To set downe ane stent upon everie Plough or Husband Land, according to the worth, for maintenance..of the said Schools. 1860C. Innes Scot. in Mid. Ages iv. 139 Each tenant of a husbandland kept two oxen. 1883Seebohm Eng. Vill. Commun. 61 In the district of the old Northumbria, virgates and half-virgates were still the usual holdings, but they were called ‘husband-lands’. 1892F. W. Dendy Farms Northumbld. in Archæol. æliana XVI. 127 The full number of strips in the open arable fields which belonged to each customary homestead in the village, with the meadow and common rights also appurtenant to it, was called throughout England a ‘yardland’, ..in the North of England and in Scotland a ‘husband land’, or a ‘whole tenement’, and in Northumberland and in the North of Durham a ‘farm’ or ‘farmhold’. 1894Earl Percy Ibid. XVII. 10 An area equal to the size of an average husbandland was in the hands of the cottagers. Ibid., Hitherto these holdings have been entered as ‘husbandlands’. Here [survey of Lesbury, 1616] for the first time they are called ‘farms’. 1895Bateson Hist. Northumbld. II. 424 These husbandlands or farms contained on an average 31½ acres of arable land, 3 acres of meadow, and 4 acres of pasture. |