| 释义 |
upˈholder
Also 4–5 vpholdere, 6 opholder; 4, 6 Sc. uphalder, 5 north. uppalder. (See also uphelder.)
[f. uphold v. (in sense 1 app. in the sense of ‘to keep in repair’). Cf. MDa. op(pe)holdere in sense 2.]
1.
†a. A dealer in small wares or second-hand articles (of clothing, furniture, etc.); a maker or repairer of such things. Obs.
b. = upholsterer. Now rare.
1333Will of Robert de Reppes 18 June, Quod perquisivi de Thoma Drie upholdere. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. v. 168 A Ropere, a Redyng-kyng, and Rose þe disschere,..And of vp holders an hep. 1377Rolls of Parlt. III. 9 A null Mercer, Coteller, Jualer, Uphalder, ne a nul autre denszein ne forein. 1417York Memo. Bk. (Surtees) I. 183 That na uppalder wyrk in Girdelecrafte. c1440Promp. Parv. 512/2 Vpholdere, þat sellythe smal thyngys, velaber. 1495Act 11 Hen. VII, c. 19, To the..greate rebuke and disclaunder to the seid Crafte of Upholders. 1598Stow Survey 154 [In] this lane.., in the raigne of Henry the sixt, had ye for the most parte dwelling Fripperers or Upholders, that solde olde apparell and housholde stuffe. 1688R. Holme Armoury III. 449/2 Such..was of old the Vpholders, or Vpholsteres Arms of Chester. 1711Act 10 Anne c. 19 §84 All..Drapers, Mercers, Upholders,..having..any Stock of..Silks. a1766F. Sheridan Sidney Bidulph (1767) III. 126, I did not like the furniture,..so I..have bespoke new of an upholder. 1807Southey Espriella's Lett. I. 155 An upholder just now advertises Commodes, Console-tables,..and Chiffoniers. 1812Ann. Reg., Chron. 121 Messrs Wilkinsons, upholders,..having of late been frequently robbed of feathers. 1881Instr. Census Clerks (1885) 53 Upholstery:..Stuffer. Upholder. Upholsterer's Spring Maker. 1910Daily Chron. 9 March 4/7, I have seen ‘Carpenter and Upholder’ on the signboard of a shop in a Surrey village.
c. An undertaker. Obs. in general use.
1709Steele Tatler No. 99 ⁋4, I..shall give my good Friends the Company of Upholders, full Power to bury all such Dead as they meet with. 1714Gay Trivia ii. 347 Th' Upholder, rueful Harbinger of Death, Waits with Impatience for the dying Breath. 1724Swift Reasons agst. Exam. Drugs ⁋5 The company exercising the trade and mistery of upholders. 1903Daily Chron. 8 April 5/2 A large glass sign describing the owners as ‘upholders’, whereas other evidence shows them to be ‘undertakers’.
2. A supporter, sustainer, or maintainer (of a thing or person).
c1403Lydg. Temple of Glas 468 To ȝov my ladi, vpholder of my life, Mekeli I þanke. 1439Coventry Leet Bk. 191 They ordeyn that..suche maner vpholders..be pursewed as they were persones sole. 1536Stories & Proph. Script. M ij b, The Lorde lyueth, and blessyd be myne opholder. 1547Bale (title), The first Examinacyon of Anne Askewe latelye martyred in Smythfelde, by the Romysh popes vpholders. 1590Nashe Pasquil's Apol. i. B iv b, I wyll not be theyr vpholder which lye sleeping and snorting in their charges. 1642R. Carpenter Experience iii. iii. 12 For God leaveth many things undone,..to preach this doctrine that creatures are not his upholders. 1691Wood Ath. Oxon. I. 581 The said Duke..was an upholder of him and his unworthy doings. 1710Swift Poems, Atlas 22 When the weight of kingdoms lies Too long upon his single shoulders, Sink down he must, or find upholders. 1809Coleridge Friend 87 Intellect, and Thought alone can be our Upholder and Judge. 1840J. H. Newman Par. Serm. (ed. 2) V. x. 152 When was the power of the world an upholder of God's truth? 1879Farrar St. Paul II. 229 A reverence for him far deeper than that of his upholders.
b. Of things: A support, stay, or prop.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. v. liv. (Bodl. MS.), It nedeþ to haue so many vndursettinges and vpholders þat suche a beeste may þe [more] ablelich..meue and goo. 1571Golding Calvin on Ps. lxi. 8 Gentlenesse and faithfulnes are y⊇ trew upholders of kingdomes. 1617Woodall Surg. Mate Wks. (1639) 80 Wheat flower..is the principall naturall upholder of the life and health of man. 1730Southall Bugs 40 Two Upholders drove into the Wainscot or Wall. 1884A. Ross Talk upon Hair 21 A thick Indiarubber ankle upholder, over which is worn the boot and sock. |