| 释义 |
▪ I. along, a.1 arch. and dial.|əˈlɒŋ|
Forms: 1 ᵹelang, ᵹelong, 2–4 ilong, 4 ylong, 4–5 alonge, 4– along, 6– all long, 'long.
[OE. ᵹelang, cogn. with OS., OHG. gilang. The prefix sank by 14th c. to ă-, which from 16th onwards was frequently dropped: see long.]
In prep. phr. along of (formerly 1–5 on, in OE. æt): (a) pertaining, belonging, chargeable, attributable, owing to; on account of; (common in London, and southern dialects generally); (b) (together) with; cf. along adv. 3.
c880K. ælfred Oros. iv. x. §9 Ðæt wæs swiðor on ðam ᵹelang. a1000ælfric Gen. xlvii. 25 æt þé is úre lýf ᵹelang. a1000Gúðlac 223 On heofonum sind láre ᵹelonge. c1175Lamb. Hom. 195 Vor o ðe is al ilong mi lif. c1300Beket 1644 The strif is on the Ilong. c1374Chaucer Troylus ii. 1001 On me is not along thin evil fare. c1380Sir Ferumb. 4292 Hit ys no þyng on hymen ylong þat y ne hadde y-lost Rolond. 1489Caxton Faytes of Armes i. viii. 19 Whome it is alonge or causeth. 1530Palsgr. 427/2, I am longe of this stryfe: je suis en cause de cest estrif. c1570Thynne Pride & Lowl. (1841) 56 The villain sayth it is all long of me. 1602Return fr. Parnass. (Arb.) Prol. 3 Its all long on you. 1611Shakes. Cymb. v. v. 271 Oh, she was naught; and long of her it was That we meet heere so strangely. 1767H. Brooke Fool of Qual. (1792) II. 88 'Tis all along of you that I am thus haunted. 1805Scott Last Minstr. v. xxix, Dark Musgrave, it was long of thee! 1848Dickens Dombey 496 An't my heart been heavy and watchful along of him and you? 1872Black Adv. Phaeton xxii. 312 That was all along of Bell. 1881Atlantic Monthly June 742/2 'Pears to me ez ye mought hev brought him hyar ter eat his supper along of us, stiddier a-leavin' him a-grievin' over his dead wife. 1886Baumann Londinismen 3/1 Being friendly along o' you..He sleeps along o' me. 1906Kipling Puck of Pook's Hill 252 A present from the Gentlemen, along o' being good! 1929Galsworthy Exiled ii. 78 There's a good few round 'ere wantin' your blood, along o' closin' pits. 1940J. Cary Charley is my Darling xxx. 177 You come along a me, Ginger, and we'll get another cave. 1963N. Marsh Dead Water (1964) vii. 178 ‘The trouble I've had along of that lady's crankiness,’ he confided, ‘you'd never credit.’
▪ II. along, (a.2), adv. and prep.|əˈlɒŋ|
Forms: 1 and-, ond-, -lang, -long, 1–3 on-, an-long, (3 on longen), 4–5 allonge, 4–6 alonge, 4– along. Aphetic 4–7 long.
[OE. and-lang, f. and- against, facing, in a direction opposite + lang long. At first an adj. (cf. eást-lang extending eastward) = ‘extending away in the opposite direction, far-stretching, extended, continuous,’ then used with gen. case as ‘the lengthened or continuous extent of,’ ‘the whole length of,’ ‘the long way of,’ or absol. ‘the long way,’ ‘lengthwise.’ To some extent mixed with the ON. cogn. end-lang, adopted in north. dial. (see endlong).]
†A. adj. (only in OE.) Extending lengthwise, long-extended, livelong. Afterwards merged in all long: as andlonge niht, al-longe night, now all night long; cf. all day over, all the year through.
a1000Andreas 1276 Wæs andlangne dæᵹ swungen. c1000Guðlac 1261 Andlonge niht. c1300Beket 403 Al alonge day. c1300St. Brandan 595 Oure Maister ous hath i turmented so grisliche allonge niȝt. c1325E.E. Allit. P. B. 476 Dreȝly alle alonge day þat dorst neuer lyȝt.
B. prep. Orig. the adj. used absol. or advb. with a dependent genitive. Cf. ahead of, etc. Through gradual disappearance of the genitive ending the dependent word appears at length as a true object.
1. Through the whole or entire length of; from end to end of (whether within, as a valley, or by the side of, as a river). Afterwards strengthened all along: all through the course of.
935Charter in Cod. Dipl. V. 220 Upp andlang Ocerburnan tó hálelan mærscæ eástæweardan andlang brócæs. c1000ælfric Lev. i. 15 Læte yrnan ðæt blod nyðer andlang ðæs weofudes. 1205Layam. 19677 Þas swiken þer heo sæten on longen þere streten. 1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 439/4 He swete blood allonge his body. 1660South Serm. (1843) II. 67 Christ's design all along the Evangelists. 1726Thomson Winter 186 The whirling Tempest raves along the plain. 1808Scott Marm. i. v, Along the bridge Lord Marmion rode. 1827Keble Chr. Year 6 Sprinkled along the waste of years.
2. This passes imperceptibly into an indication of direction rather than space traversed: Through any part of the length of, lengthwise through or parallel to, as distinguished from across; following the line of (a road, wall, river, sea-shore, etc.)
887O.E. Chron., Her for se here up..andlang Siᵹene oþ Mæterne. 1509Hawes Past. Pleas. xx. i, They sayled Alonge the haven. 1600Fairfax Tasso i. lxxviii. 4 The armed ships, coasting along the shore. 1611Bible 1 Sam. vi. 12 The kine..went along the high way, lowing as they went. 1751Johnson Rambl. No. 187 ⁋9 Stealing slow and heavy laden along the coast. 1818Hallam Mid. Ages (1841) I. 367 Before..the first lances of France gleam along the defiles of the Alps. c1858R. Hoyt Snow, 'Tis winter, yet there is no sound Along the air Of winds along their battle ground. 1879Tennyson Lover's T. 80 We roam'd along the dreary coast.
3. Lying or placed parallel to the length of.
1205Lay. 138 Muche lond he him ȝef..an long þare sea. 1667Milton P.L. vii. 328 Each fountain side, With borders long the Rivers. 1697Lond. Gaz. mmmcccxviii/3 The biggest, a Ship of 60 or 64 Guns, came along our side. 1877W. Lytteil Landm. iii. iii. 110 Along the line of which there are still several out-standing pikes or spink-rocks.
C. adv. [The prep. with the object not expressed.]
1. a. In a line with the length, parallel to the longest dimension or course (of something understood); lengthwise, longitudinally. Now only with by, and as in 2.
1366Mandeville v. 45 The contree is sett along upon the ryvere of Nyle. c1420Anturs Arth. xxxvii, Thay sette listes on lenthe olong on the lawnde. 1541R. Copland Guydon's Quest. Cyrurg., He ought to open it alonge and ouerthwart this way and that. 1556Chron. Grey Friars 61 The gardyns that was made a longe by the walles of the citte. 1611Bible Numb. xx. 17 We will not turne into the fields..but we will goe along by the kings high way. Mod. We found plenty of primroses along by the hedge.
b. Some way on (in the progress of time). U.S.
1870‘Mark Twain’ More Distinction in Sketches (1872) 282 In the one case, you start out with a friend along about eleven o'clock. 1883― Life Mississippi xxviii, Far along in the day, we saw one steamboat. 1886Harper's Mag. Oct. 808/1 He come to the house 'long in the first part of the evenin'. 1897‘Mark Twain’ Following Equator xxi. 290 He was along toward fifty. 1902N.Y. Tribune 26 Apr. 82 The afternoon was well along by this time.
c. along back: at or for some time in the past. U.S.
1851N. Kingsley Diary (1914) 165 Worked as usual to-day, took out 50 ounces and 4 dollars, which gains on our days along back. 1880Harper's Mag. Dec. 85/1 She's had an easy time along back, but she's seen the last on't.
d. right along: continuously; without interruption. U.S.
1856Mich. Agric. Soc. Trans. VII. 806 His corn grew right along, for it could not help it. 1936Wodehouse Laughing Gas xiv. 150 ‘And you come from England?’ ‘Yes.’ ‘London?’ ‘Yes.’ ‘Lived there right along, I guess?’
2. a. With vbs. of motion: Onward in the course or line of motion, progressively on. Also fig. in phr. to get along: to get on, advance in any business, or in life. get along!: ‘pass on! be off!’
c1300K. Alis. 3410 Ten myle they yeode alang. 1601Shakes. Jul. C. iv. ii. 33 Speak the word along. 1610― Temp. iv. i. 233 Let's along [v.r. alone] And doe the murther first. 1664Butler Hudibr. ii. iii. 389 No porter's Burthen past along But serv'd for Burthen to his Song. 1767Fordyce Serm. Yng. Wom. I. vii. 298 The shallow stream runs babbling along. 1821Keats Isabel xxv, As he to the court-yard pass'd along. 1830S. Smith Sel. Lett. J. Downing (1834) 34, I wish you'd write me..whether you think I could get along with the business [of Governorship]. 1837[see get v. 59 b]. 1837Dickens Pickw. xiv. 135 Get along with you, you wretch, said the handmaiden. 1850Mrs. Stowe Uncle Tom's C. xvi. 153 But she'll get along in heaven better than you or I. a1884Colloq. That's enough; go along with you!
b. to be along, to come to a place, to call, to arrive.
1831Mrs. Holley Texas (1833) 21 The captain..sent word that he would be along for us about sun-set. 1892‘Mark Twain’ Amer. Claimant xvi. 162 They'll be along as soon as it's done. 1951‘J. Wyndham’ Day of Triffids i, Any time now they'd be along with pneumatic drills. 1959N. Kneale Quatermass Exper. iv. 114 The official pathologists' report should be along in half an hour.
3. along with.
a. orig. with vb. of motion: Onward with, on the way with, in company with.
1592Shakes. Rom. & Jul. i. i. 106 You, Capulet, shall go along with me. 1596― Merch. V. ii. viii. 2 With him is Gratiano gone along. 1615Bedwell tr. Moham. Imp. i. §40 Go along with vs on our iourney. 1712Addison Spect. No. 494 ⁋5 The spies bringing along with them the clusters of grapes. c1800Dibdin, Then I must lug you along with me, Says the saucy Arethusa. 1879Froude Cæsar x. 115 Too shrewd to go along with them upon a road.
b. Together with, in association with. (Here along attaches to with rather than to the vb.)
1711Addison Spect. No. 29 ⁋11 This Inclination of the Audience to sing along with the Actors. 1768Sterne Sent. Journ. (1778) I. 86, I would rejoice along with them. 1859Gen. P. Thompson Audi Alt. Part. II. App. 97 A hunger for news of killed and wounded, along with shrimps, at breakfast. 1876Freeman Norm. Conq. IV. xvii. 64 Wiltshire had most likely submitted along with Hampshire and Berkshire.
c. Side by side with, in conjunction with.
1817Jas. Mill Brit. Ind. II. v. iv. 467 Along with this he was mild and equitable. 1840Gladstone Ch. Princ. 6 Recognising along with, though subordinately to, the Scriptures, the authorised interpretations of primitive Christian antiquity. 1868G. Duff Pol. Surv. 1, I must ask all..to read what I shall say to-night, along with what I said on the 19th December last.
4. ellipt. (with omitted, but the force it has imparted to along retained.) In company, as a companion, with (some one).
1590Shakes. Mids. N. v. i. 123 Demetrius and Egeus go along: I must imploy you in some business. 1668Pepys Diary 5 Nov., We did all along conclude upon answers. 1682N. O. tr. Boileau's Le Lutrin ii. 182 The Knave had wit in's Anger, And wisely took along his rusty Hanger.
Amer. colloq. [1882Howells Lady of Aroostook 137 ‘Our Captain's wife..was not along,’ said Lydia. ‘Not along?’ repeated Mrs. Erwin..‘Who were the other passengers?’]
5. all along: during the whole course of any proceeding, throughout, continuously.
1670Baxter Cure Ch.-div. 280 The same all along I may say about the Relicts of Martyrs. 1674Marvell Reh. Transp. ii. 257 To have to do with such a man all along and thorow. c1680Beveridge Serm. (1729) I. 76 The Bishops..have.. continued all allong from the apostles. 1712Addison Spect. No. 463 ⁋8, I have all along declared this to be a Neutral Paper. 1861Hook Lives Abps. i. vi. 310 The Church..had been all along, the point of centralisation. 1876Freeman Norm. Conq. II. vii. 123 This impost was all along felt to be a great burthen.
6. Lengthwise, in regard to a thing itself; at full length. Often strengthened with all. Obs.
1413Lydgate Pilgr. Sowle iii. ix. (1483) 55 These were leyd a long vpon a table. 1483Caxton G. de la Tour civ b, He began to drawe it oute a long with his teeth. 1535Coverdale 2 Kings iv. 35 [Elisha] went up, and layed him selfe a longe vpon him. 1592Shakes. Rom. & Jul. v. iii. 3 Vnder yond young Trees lay thee all along. 1637Gillespie Eng.-Pop. Cerem. iv. vi. 29 The usuall table gesture of the Iewes, was lying along. 1670T. Brooks Wks. (1867) VI. 441 He that foots it best may be sometimes found all along, and the neatest person may sometimes slip into a slough. 1761Smollett Gil Blas (1802) II. vii. xvi. 330 My nurse laid me all along again.
†7. fig. At length, in full. (? Confused with Fr. au long.) Obs.
1461Past. Lett. 409 II. 38, I enformyd hem the mater along. 1481Caxton Myrr. i. xiii. 42 We shal declare a litil our matere a longe. 1485― Paris & Vienne 56 And redde it al allonge. 1506Ord. Cryst. Men (W. de Worde) iv. iv. 173 And this mater declareth ryght a longe saynt Bernarde. 1588J. Mellis Briefe Instr. E vij b, You shal make the marchandise or goods Debitor..with all the particular parcels, along.
†8. At a distance, afar. (Perh. confused with Fr. au loin.) Obs.
a1300E.E. Psalter ix. 22 Wherto, Lord, wentist thou awei along? [Wyclif, fer awei]. 1580Tusser Husb. xix. 25 Exceptions take of the champion land, from lieng alonge from that at thy hand.
9. Comb. (with object), as † along-board, along-side (of a ship); along-ships, lengthwise to the ship, directed fore and aft. Also along-side, -shore, q.v.
1548Hall Chron. 534 The Regent crappeled with her along boord. 1687Lond. Gaz. mmcclvi/4 His Men on his Bowsprit and his Sprissel-yards along Ships, all ready to Board us.
▪ III. † aˈlong, v.1 Obs.
[OE. alangian (f. a- prefix 1 intens. + langian to last, endure; cf. OHG. arlangen); only used impersonally. The pa. pple. alonged seems to represent the OE. of-langed afflicted with longing, wearied with desire, f. of-langian. See long v.]
1. impers. To seem long to, to affect with longing.
a1000Departed Soul (Grein) 154 Me alangaþ, þæs þe ic þe on þissum hýndum wát. 1393Gower Conf. II. 237 This worthy Jason sore alongeth, To se the straunge regions.
2. pass. To be afflicted with longing, to long.
c1325Cœur de L. 3060 Afftyr pork he alongyd is. a1400Leg. Rood (1871) 23 He was alonged sore After þe Oyle of Milce. c1400Gamelyn 630 He was sore alonged after a good meel.
▪ IV. † aˈlong, v.2 Obs. rare.
[f. along adv. 8, probably by form-assoc. with Fr. éloigner, to remove: cf. aloyne.]
To put at a distance, remove far.
1506Ord. Cryst. Men (W. de Worde) v. vii. 419 The bodye gloryous may not along hym from the presence of god. |