| 释义 |
aloft, adv. and prep.|əˈlɒft|
Forms: 3 o lofft, 3–5 o loft, o lofte, 4–7 a lofte, 4– a loft, aloft. Also expanded: 3 inne þe lofte, 2–5 on the lofte, 4 on þe loft, 4–5 on lofte, 4–6 on loft.
[a. ON. á lopt of motion, á lopti of position (EE. o loft and o lofte), f. á, in, on, to + lopt, air, atmosphere, sky, heaven, upper floor, loft (Dan. lofts), cogn. w. Goth. luftus, OHG. luft, OE. lyft, air, etc. (In Eng. the distinction of motion and position, a loft and a lofte, was lost with the mutescence of final e.) Really equivalent to OE. on þá lyft, on þǽre lyfte, ME. on þe lufte, on þe lyft(e, ‘into, in the air,’ but while the latter never acquired the merely local sense of ‘on high, up,’ this became from the first the special sense of a loft. Some mixture of forms is probable in the expanded in the lofte, on the lofte, on lofte.]
†1. In the atmosphere or space above the earth.
c1200Moral Ode 83 He makede fisses in þe se and fuȝeles in þe lifte [v.r. inne þe lofte, on þe lofte, in þe lufte].
†2. In the visible sky, above the horizon, up, as a star. Obs.
c1340Alex. & Dind. 122 And reed gan schine þat his lem on þe loft liȝht ȝaf aboute. c1400Epiph. (Turnb. 1843) 118 For this day aloft was the sterre. 1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. (1586) 53 b, The moone being aloft and not sette.
†3. fig. In the ascendant, ruling, prevailing, up. Obs.
c1400‘Chaucer's’ Test. Love ii. (1560) 291/1 Kindely heaven, when merie weather is a lofte, appeareth..in Blewe. c1430How the good Wyf 74 in Babees Bk. 39 If þou be in place where good ale is on lofte. 1601Holland Pliny (1634) I. 24 The Sun raiseth..windes. At rising and setting hee causeth them to be aloft.
4. In heaven; ‘on high.’ arch. (cf. 12.)
c1386Chaucer Man of Law's T. 179 My souerayn plesance, Ouer alle thyng (out taken crist on lofte). 1577St. Augustine's Man. 65 The day-spryng hath visited us from aloft. 1596Chapman Iliad vii. 85 But conquest's garlands hang aloft, amongst th' immortal Gods. 1774R. Lloyd Hymn to Apollo, Aloft in heaven imperial Juno sat. c1800Dibdin, There's a sweet little cherub that sits up aloft, To keep watch for the life of poor Jack.
5. gen. High above the earth, on high; at a great elevation relatively; high up.
c1200Ormin 11961 Wiþþuten o þe temmple..þær wass greȝȝþed sæte o lofft. c1325E.E. Allit. P. B. 1183 For þe borȝ watȝ so bygge baytayled alofte. c1420Pallad. on Husb. iv. 80 A sadder vyne a bigger stake olofte Mot holde. c1450Henryson Mor. Fables 56 The Larke on loft with other birdes haill. 1535Coverdale Ps. ciii. 8 Then are the hilles sene alofte. 1580Lyly Euphues (Arb.) 221 A feather..sette a loft in a woemans hatte. 1663Butler Hudibr. i. iii. 575 Thrice have they seen your Sword aloft Wav'd o're their Heads. 1711Pope Temp. Fame 483 Fame sits aloft, and points them out their course. 1860Tyndall Glac. ii. §8. 265 Vast masses of granite are thus poised aloft on icy pedestals.
†b. On horseback or in a vehicle; opposed to afoot. Obs.
c1400Ywaine & Gaw. 2532 Than sighed Ywain wonder oft, Unnethes might he syt oloft. 1654Ussher Annals v. (1658) 43 Besides those which fought aloft from the Chariots.
†c. Extant, standing; not thrown down. Obs. rare.
c1400Destr. Troy ii. 349 To this souerayne Citie þat yet was olofte Iason aioynid.
†6. Above geographically; higher up on the same plane. Obs. rare.
1805Nelson in Nicolas Disp. VI. 477 The Frigates are ordered from aloft [i.e. the upper part of the Mediterranean] to join you.
†7. On the top, atop, on the surface. Obs.
c1420Pallad. on Husb. i. 1088 So that the flamme upbende The celles forto chere and chaufe olofte. 1523Fitzherb. Husb. cxxviii, They cast and lay grauell aloft. 1587Holinshed Chron. I. 43/1 And aloft therevpon she had a thicke Irish mantell. 1667H. More Div. Dial. iv. xxxiv. (1713) 387 Where's your Oil now..that floats aloft? 1718Pope Iliad xxiv. 997 Forth to the pile was borne the man divine, And placed aloft.
8. fig. On high in rank, power, estimation, etc.
1377Langl. P. Pl. B. Prol. 157 We myȝte be lordes aloft. c1400Rom. Rose 5506 They saw hem set on loft, And weren of hem succoured oft. 1552–5Latimer Serm. & Rem. (1845) 51 Bilney..was induced to bear a fagot..when the cardinal was aloft and bore the swing. 1851Hussey Papal Power i. 20 A high and mighty personage seated aloft somewhere.
†9. In a lofty tone, loftily. Obs.
1613Purchas Pilgr. I. vi. xii. 531 Speake aloft and prowdley.
10. Of direction: Into the air, or from the ground; up, upward, on high.
c1200Ormin 11823 Crist þolede þe deofell To brinngenn himm heȝhe upp o lofft. 1330R. Brunne Chron. 274 Þe erles of Scotlond had reysed baner oloft. 1430Lydg. Thebes 33 in Dom. Arch. III. 111 To a chamber she led him vp alofte. c1588Greene Fr. Bacon ii, A whirlwind..mounted me aloft unto the clouds. 1667Milton P.L. i. 226 With expanded wings he stears his flight Aloft. 1725De Foe Voy. round World (1840) 207 Blow her aloft in the air. 1877W. Lytteil Landm. ii. ii. 88 A steep bluff crag..towers aloft.
b. To heaven. arch. (cf. 12.)
1692E. Walker Epictetus Mor. (1737) Introd., His rich Soul aloft did soar. c1800Dibdin Tom Bowling, For though his body's under hatches, His soul is gone aloft.
11. fig. Up in rank, estimation, feeling, etc.
c1200Ormin 11849 Te laþe gast Aȝȝ eggeþ hise þeowwess, To draȝȝhenn hemm aȝȝ upp o lofft. 1300E.E. Psalter lxxiv. 8 Þis mekes he ful ofte, And þis up-heves he o-lofte. 1567Jewel Def. Apol. (1611) 386 But afterward the Popes began to looke aloft. 1836J. Gilbert Chr. Atonem. ii. (1852) 41 The very principles which bore aloft your spirits.
12. Naut. On or to a higher part of a ship; as the mast, the mast head, the rigging generally, in reference to the deck; or the deck as opposed to below.
1330R. Brunne Chron. 169 Þe saile was hie o loft. 1509Barclay Ship of Fooles (1570) 251 Our sayles are a loft, Our ship flyes swiftly. 1629Gaule Holy Madn. 210 Come a loft Jack. 1762Falconer Shipwr. i. 697 Rous'd from repose, aloft the sailors swarm. 1813Southey Nelson iii. 82 So cut up, that she could not get a topmast aloft during the night. 1836Marryat Midship. Easy xiii. 47 The men had come from aloft, and Jack was summoned on deck.
†B. prep. On the top or summit of; above, over.
1509Hawes Past. Pl. xxxviii. iii, Alofte the basse toure foure ymages stode. 1595Shakes. John iv. ii. 139 But now I breath againe Aloft the flood. 1600Chapman Iliad xix. 93 They bear her still aloft men's heads. 1613Campion in Arber Garn. III. 279 Aloft the trees..Our silent harps we pensive hung. |