| 释义 |
▪ I. † hove, n.1 Obs.
[OE. hófe, also in the comb. túnhófe ? ‘garden hove’, and in ME. heihove hayhove, and ale-hove alehoof, names of ground-ivy.]
The name of some plant, considered by an early glossator to be a ‘viola’ or violet; in the Promptorium identified with hayhove, Ground Ivy.
c1000Sax. Leechd. II. 20 Wiþ heafod ece ᵹenim hofan and win and eced. Ibid. 34 Wiþ eaᵹna ece, ᵹenim þa readan hofan. c1000ælfric Gloss. in Wr.-Wülcker 134/39 Viola, hofe. c1440Promp. Parv. 250/1 Hove, or grownd yvy.
▪ II. † hove, hof, n.2 Obs.
[a. ON. hóf moderation, measure, f. hefja, hóf, to take up, lift, raise, exalt, etc.]
Measure, moderation, temperateness.
c1200Ormin 4742 Aȝȝ att rihht time, and aȝȝ att hof, Forr þatt iss Drihhtin cweme. a1300Cursor M. 11973 Iesus þat was fulfild o houe, His moder mode wald he noght droue. Ibid. 23291 Þai sal be beft wit-vten houe. Ibid. 26990 Hop es god at hald wit houe, Bot til vnskil not worth a gloue.
▪ III. † hove, n.3 Sc. Obs.
Forms: 4–6 hove, 6 huyfe, hufe, hoif, 6–7 hoff(e.
[perh. f. hove v.1; or ? from OE. hof, hall, dwelling, ON. hof temple, Ger., Du. hof court.]
In Arthur's hove, Julius' hove: names applied by various authors to a remarkable round edifice which formerly stood near Carron in Stirlingshire: see Jamieson, s.v. Hoif.
The local name appears to have been Arthur's Oon (oven); it is called Furnus Arthuri in the Newbottle Chart. 1293.
c1377Fordun Scotichron. ii. xvi. (1759) I. 51 Quam cum Arthurus rex..recreandi gratiâ invisere soleret, a plebeis propterea Arthuris Hove dicebatur. 1526Boethius Scot. Hist. iii. iv. (Jam.), Hancque Iulis Hoff, id est, Iulis aulam seu curiam, quod nomen ad nos devenit ab incolis exinde appellatum. 1535Stewart Cron. Scot. III. 193 The laif..He gart lat stand and wrait vpoun the wall ‘Arthuris hufe’, quhilk is to say, his hall. 1536Bellenden Cron. Scot. xiv. vii. (Jam.), Thai put away the armes of Julius Cesar, and ingrauit the armis of King Arthour, commanding it to be callit Arthouris hoif. a1639Spottiswoode Hist. Dict. (MS.) s.v. Arthur's Oon (Jam.), As to K. Edward giving it the name of Arthur's Hoff or house, it had the name of Arthur's Oon or Kiln long before. 1639Ussher De Brit. Eccl. Primord. xv. 586 Arthurs Oven et Julius hoff appellant hodie.
b. See Arthur's hufe.
▪ IV. † hove, n.4
Also hofe.
[f. hove v.1]
The action of tarrying or lingering; in phr. on hove, in waiting, in suspense.
c1400Destr. Troy 12699 Held hom on hofe in the hegh sea.
▪ V. † hove, n.5 Obs. rare—1.
[A doubtful form; perh. a scribal error for heve = MDu. heve, Ger. hefe, yeast, barm, lees, dregs. Cf. also OE. hæfe (= hęfe) yeast, leaven; f. root of heven, heave v.]
Lees, dregs, sediment (of oil, ale, etc.).
c1440Promp. Parv. 250/1 Hove of oyle, as barme, and ale..amurca.
▪ VI. † hove, v.1 Obs.
Forms: 3–6 houe, (5 hofe), 4– hove, (6 hoove); Sc. (and north.) 4 houffe, 4–5 huf(e, 4–6 huve, 5 huwe, hue, 5–6 huif, 6 huff.
[Of great frequency in ME. from 13th c.; in 16th c. largely superseded by hover. Derivation unknown.
The usual rimes with move, prove, love, the 16th c. spelling hoove, and above all the Sc. forms huve, huive, show that the early ME. was hōven, = OE. *hófian with long ó. This severs it from the family of OE. hof, hall, dwelling, to which it has sometimes been referred.]
1. intr. To remain in a suspended or floating condition, as a bird in the air or a boat on water; to be poised, to hover.
c1220Bestiary 69 So riȝt so he cunne he [eagle] houeð in ðe sunne. c1290S. Eng. Leg. I. 269/298 Euere houede þis clere lijȝt ouer hire faire and heiȝe. a1352Minot Poems (Hall) iii. 83, viij. and xl. galays..houed on þe flode. c1420Lydg. Assembly Gods 1608 Ouer her heede houyd a culuer fayre & whyte. c1440Promp. Parv. 251/2 Hovyn yn watur, or oþer lycoure, supernato. 1550Hutchinson Image of God vii. (1560) 26 Elias..making the Iron which is heuy to houe aboue the waters. 1590Spenser F.Q. iii. vii. 27 A little bote lay hoving her before.
b. To lie at anchor.
c1540tr. Pol. Verg. Eng. Hist. (Camden) I. 52 Abowte the iiijth hower of the nexte daye hee [Cæsar] hooved beefore Brittaine.
2. To wait, tarry, linger, stay, remain; often spec. to remain on horseback.
c1220Bestiary 525 [He] stireð up and houeð stille. 1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 4468 Moroud erl of gloucestre mid is ost bi syde In an valeye houede þe endinge uor to abyde. 1375Barbour Bruce xviii. 299 He hufit in-till ane enbuschement. c1430Syr Generides (Roxb.) 9101 She houed on hir palfray To wit what he wold say. c1440Promp. Parv. 252/1 Hovyn on hors, and a-bydyn, sirocino. 1508Dunbar Poems iii. 4 Quhairof I hovit..in dowt. 1513Douglas æneis v. x. 59 All redy hufand thar coursis for to tak. 1535Stewart Cron. Scot. II. 245 On to this erle quhair he wes huifand by. 1568Grafton Chron. II. 288 Syr Geoffrey hoved still in the fields prively with his Banner before him. 1577–87Holinshed Chron. II. 22/1 Being intercepted by them that laie hoouing in ambush. 1585Jas. I Ess. Poesie (Arb.) 57 That ȝe make not proue and reproue ryme together, nor houe for houeing on hors bak, and behoue. 1590Spenser F.Q. iii. x. 20 A couple..Which hoved closed under a forest side, As if they lay in wait, or els them selves did hide. 1595― Col. Clout 666 The which in court continually hooved [rime prooved].
b. fig. To linger or dwell on.
c1440J. Capgrave Life St. Kath. ii. 915 Ffy on þo hertes þat euer on swech þing houe!
3. To come or go floating or soaring; to be borne (as on horseback), move, or pass away; to pass on, pass by.
1390Gower Conf. I. 323 Hove out of my sonne And lete it shine into my tonne. c1400Melayne 1490 He sawe come houande ouer a felle Many a brade Banere. 1509Hawes Past. Pleas. iii. v, Ymages of golde..whiche with the wynde aye moved..About the towers in sundry wyse they hoved. 1535Stewart Cron. Scot. II. 234 Tua pert Pechtis on hors wer huvand by. a1650Flodden F. 281 in Furniv. Percy Folio I. 330 The hind Hassall hoved on fast.
4. trans. To brood over, as a bird: = hover v.1 5.
1399Langl. Rich. Redeles ii. 146 Þe..Egle..Hasteth him in heruest to houyn his bryddis. Ibid. iii. 50 Anoþer proud partriche..houeth þe eyren þat þe hue laide And with hir corps keuereth hem.
▪ VII. † hove, v.2 Obs. or dial.
Also 7 houve, hoove, hoave.
[app. a derivative of heave v. (pa. tense hove, pa. pple. hoven).]
1. trans. To raise, lift.
(The first quot. is from its date doubtful; the word may be hewand for hevand from heave v.)
c1375Sc. Leg. Saints, Jacobus minor 675 Howand his handis to þe hewyn. c1570Marr. Wit & Science v. v. in Hazl. Dodsley II. 392 Hove up his head upon your spear, lo, here a joyful sign!
2. trans. To swell, inflate, puff up or out. Chiefly in pa. pple. hoved = hoven.
1601Holland Pliny I. 255 Like unto bladders puft up and hooved with wind. Ibid. II. 560 Their bread is lighter and more houved vp than any other. 1639Horn & Rob. Gate Lang. xxxiv. §407 The crum light and hoaved (puff'd) within. 1785Burns Death & Dr. Hornbook xxviii, Some ill-brewn drink had hov'd her wame. 1795Gentl. Mag. LXV. ii. 894 Cattle that are hoved or swelled. 1828Craven Dial., Hoven, to swell, to puff up.
3. intr. (for refl.) To rise; to swell up.
1590Spenser F.Q. i. ii. 31 Astond he stood, and up his heare did hove. 1601Holland Pliny I. 500 The earth..swelleth and houeth as it were with a leauen. 1811[see hoving vbl. n.]
▪ VIII. hove, v.3
Abbreviated for behove.
c1450Lydg. Secrees 1184 heading, How a kyng hovith to haue a leche to kepe his body. 1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 252 b/2 That we myght make thyn exequyes couenable as it houeth and is dygne and worthy. 1594Carew Tasso (1881) 9 A zeale How great, of host thy charge hooues thee to heat.
▪ IX. hove
pa. tense and pple. of heave (see also hoven); var. houve. |