| 释义 |
homonymous, a.|həʊˈmɒnɪməs|
[f. late L. homōnym-us, a. Gr. ὁµώνυµ-ος of the same name, n. a namesake, pl. τὰ ὁµώνυµα (Aristotle) equivocal nouns, ambiguous words; f. ὁµός same + ὄνοµα (æolic ὄνυµα) name: see -ous.]
1. a. Denoting different things by the same name (said of the same word used in different senses in Taxonomy, etc.); equivocal, ambiguous.
1621W. Sclater Tythes (1623) 115 Your Minor is euery whit homonymous. 1656Stanley Hist. Philos. vi. (1701) 244/2 Terms are of three kinds, Homonymous, Synonymous, and Paronymous. Homonymous, whose name only is common, their Essence divers. a1661Fuller Worthies, Lanc., [John Smith] became Fellow and Proctor of the University [of Cambridge] when past Sixty years of age, when the Prevaricators gave him this Homony[m]ous Salute Ave Pater. 1725Watts Logic i. iv. §6 Equivocal words, or those which signify several things, are called homonymous, or ambiguous. 1801Colebrooke in Asiatic Res. (1803) VII. 216 A list of homonymous indeclinables is subjoined. 1896Walsingham & Durrant Rules for Nomencl. 9 Invalid names considered merely as words are of three classes:—(1) Homonymous (i.e. the same name applied to different conceptions). 1964Internat. Code Zool. Nomencl. 55 Homonymy does not exist between two identical species-group names originally or subsequently placed in different genera that bear homonymous names.
b. Philol. Of the nature of homonyms: said of words identical in sound but different in sense.
1876T. Le M. Douse Grimm's L. §17. 34 The meanings of the several primitives are in general so widely different that the homonymous derivatives remain to all time clearly distinguished in use.
2. a. Having, or called by, the same name.
1658Phillips, Homonymous, things of several kindes, having the same denomination, a Term in Logick. 1748Hartley Observ. Man i. i. 99 The homonymous nerves of the right and left Sides. 1881Athenæum 26 Feb. 305/2 There seems to have been..a single capital, homonymous with the island.
b. Optics. Applied to the two images of one object seen in looking at a point nearer than the object, when the right image is that seen by the right eye and the left by the left: opp. to heteronymous 2. Also applied to diplopia in which images are doubled in this way. Of hemianopia: characterized by the loss of vision in the same half (left or right) of the visual field of each eye.
1881Le Conte Sight ii. i. 95 When we look at the farther finger, the nearer one is so doubled that the left image belongs to the right eye and the right image to the left eye..; when we look at the nearer finger, the farther one is so doubled that the right image belongs to the right eye and the left image to the left eye. In the former case, the images are said to be heteronymous, i.e. of different name, and in the latter case they are said to be homonymous, i.e. of the same name, as the eye. 1882Homonymous hemianopia [see hemianopia]. 1884H. E. Juler Handbk. Ophthalmic Sci. v. 383 This projection of the object to o′ is on the same side as the deviating eye l, and the diplopia is therefore called homonymous. 1966S. Lerman Basic Ophthalmol. viii. 467 If the left eye deviates inward..the patient will suffer from a homonymous (uncrossed) diplopia.
Hence hoˈmonymously adv.
1751Harris Hermes iii. iii. (1786) 342 One Word may be not homonymously but truly and essentially common to many Particulars past, present and future. 1881[see heteronymously].
Add:3. Zool. Of animal horns or their shape: such that the right horn core forms a right-handed spiral, and vice versa. Also applied to animals having horns of this type.
1901G. Wherry in Nature 10 Jan. 252/2 In sheep the right-hand spiral is on the right of the head, and the left spiral on the left side of the head (homonymous, or same name). 1912R. Lydekker Sheep & its Cousins ii. 17 In reality the horns of the red sheep have the same (homonymous) spiral as those of the mouflon, but the curves are somewhat differently arranged. 1951Jrnl. Heredity XLII. 81 (caption) The spiral of the horns of homonymous breeds is often eliminated by castration, but this is not the case with heteronymously spiralled forms. 1983Devendra & Burns Goat Production in Tropics (ed. 2) x. 135 The heteronymously twisted horn shape of the markhor is dominant to the homonymous twist typical of domestic goats. |