| 释义 |
▪ I. homestead, n.|ˈhəʊmstɪd|
[OE. hámstede, f. hám home + stede place, stead. Cf. OFris. hêmsted, ON. heimstöð.]
1. gen. The place of one's dwelling or home:
†a. The place (town, village, etc.) in which one's dwelling is. Obs.
b. A home or dwelling.
972in Kemble Cod. Dipl. III. 77 Of hamstede on ropleah ᵹeat. 1612–15Bp. Hall Contempl., N.T. ii. iii, I do not see thee led into..thy homestead of Nazareth, but into the vast wilderness. 1799W. Tooke View Russian Emp. I. 435 The Orenburg-Kozaks..At present they have their homestead about the Samara. 1853Kane Grinnell Exp. iii. (1856) 25 The cabin, which made the homestead of four human beings. a1859Macaulay Hist. Eng. xxiii. V. 9 To play the men for their own homesteads.
2. a. A house with its dependent buildings and offices; esp. a farm-stead.
a1700Dryden (J.), Both house and homestead into seas are borne. 1818Cobbett Pol. Reg. XXXIII. 412 A most beautiful country, studded..with farm-houses, barns and homesteads. 1834Brit. Husb. I. 99 We now present a collective plan of a homestead, or farm-steading, upon a compact and very moderate scale. 1839Stonehouse Axholme 285 After the fire..many of the old homesteads were never rebuilt. 1847Longfellow Ev. i. ii. 26 Twilight descending Brought back..the herds to the homestead.
b. Freq. in Australia and N.Z.: the residence of the owner of a sheep or cattle station; in later use also = station n. 14 (quot. 1898).
1849Handbk. Suburban & Rural Districts Otago Settlement 7 Sheep or cattle owners, who, establishing their temporary homesteads, or stations, near or in the bush, might run their flocks or herds amongst the hills. 1851E. Shortland Southern Districts N.Z. xiv. 263 Farmers and stock-keepers, however, who have their homesteads on the plain. 1853C. W. Adams Spring in Canterbury Settlement vii. 70 This homestead much resembles a small English farm-house, save that the sleeping loft had seldom fewer than ten occupants. 1891R. Price Through Uriwera Country 61 As an out-station is to the homestead of a sheep-run, so is this little fort to Te Teko. 1901M. Franklin My Brilliant Career (1966) viii. 39 Home to..the dear old homestead I love so well. 1911C. E. W. Bean ‘Dreadnought’ of Darling i. 4 Most homesteads are apt to consider themselves pretty well on the outskirts of things if they get only one mail a week. At this particular station they get two mails a year. 1930L. G. D. Acland Early Canterbury Runs 1st Ser. i. 8 ‘Station’ is being driven out of use in its original sense of ‘a place from which to work a run’ by ‘homestead’... When an old fashioned squatter or station hand used the word ‘homestead’ he used it to signify the owner's residence as opposed to the men's quarters and other station buildings. 1933― in Press (Christchurch) 28 Oct. 15/7 Homestead. In the old days, the owner's residence, but only if it was some distance from the rest of the station buildings... When the Government began cutting up the runs in the 'nineties, they or their surveyors adopted the word to signify what had been formerly called the station, and the new settlers followed them, so that the new sense of the word is now widely used. 1941I. L. Idriess Great Boomerang ii. 10 Fifty miles from the homestead, on the New South Wales-South Australian border. 1946F. Davison Dusty ix. 97 People came from all over the settlement, camping in and around the old homestead. 1961B. Crump Hang on a Minute 73 They arrived at the Paranui homestead in the late afternoon.
3. U.S. A lot of land adequate for the residence and maintenance of a family; ‘a farm occupied by the owner and his family’; esp. the lot of 160 acres granted to a settler by the Homestead Act of Congress, 1862.
Hence homestead grant, homestead law, homestead policy, etc.; homestead exemption, ‘the exemption by law from forced sale under execution for general debts of a certain amount of real estate occupied by the owner as a homestead’ (Funk).
1693Providence (R.I.) Rec. (1893) IV. 92 We..have..sold..all the remaining part of our home stead or house lott. 1706Prop. Rec. Cambr., Mass. (1896) 227 The said piece of Land be and shall be from time to time improved by him..for a house Lott or home Stead to Build upon. 1876Johnson's New Univ. Cycl. II. 971 A home and shelter for a family under the name of a homestead, which was to be held exempt from the ordinary incidents of ownership. 1879Constit. California c. 17 §1 The Legislature shall protect, by law, from forced sale, a certain portion of the homestead and other property of all heads of families. 1884Mulhall Dict. Statist. 231 Homestead Grants. In 1862 the United States law was passed to encourage settlers from Europe, whereby lots of 1/4 square miles or 160 acres are given to immigrants, on condition of 5 years' occupation. 1886Times 9 Oct. 10/1 The Canadian homestead policy is a more favourable one than that of the United States.
4. attrib. (see also 3).
1845R. W. Hamilton Pop. Educ. viii. (ed. 2) 185 The scattered population, in which homestead virtues were once supposed to find their favourite abode.
Hence ˈhomesteadless a., without a homestead.
1887W. G. Palgrave Ulysses 301 Left houseless and homesteadless on a desolated land.
▪ II. ˈhomestead, v. N. Amer.
[f. prec. n.]
trans. To take up and occupy as a homestead (sense 3). Also absol.
1872Newton Kansan 12 Sept. 3/3 [He] had homesteaded the south-east quarter of sec. 14. 1877H. Ruede Sod-House Days (1937) 123 If he homesteads, you would have to be here inside of 6 months. 1879Congress. Rec. 26 Apr. 952/1 To prove their right to pre-empt or ‘homestead’ their lands. 1884Pall Mall G. 26 Aug. 5/1 Can a man, if he chooses, homestead a hundred and sixty acres of land, free of purchase-money? 1888Ibid. 20 Mar. 3/1 He homesteaded his 160 acres. 1888Chicago Advance 5 Apr. 216 The farmers who homesteaded on a Nebraska prairie twenty years ago. 1912J. Sandilands West Canadian Dict. 23 Any person who is the sole head of a family, or any male over 18.., may homestead a quarter-section of..land in Manitoba, [etc.]. 1952J. Steinbeck East of Eden 6 There was still marginal land to be homesteaded. 1959Times Lit. Suppl. 6 Nov. p. xii/4 Yoknapatawpha County is William Faulkner's just as much as if he had homesteaded there and proved his claim. 1972New York 12 June 15/3 A couple who leave Lima to homestead in the jungle. |