| 释义 |
▪ I. homage, n.|ˈhɒmɪdʒ|
Also 3–5 omage, 5–6 hommage, (5 erron. homoge, umage, ymage).
[a. OF. ommage, homage, humage (12th c.), mod.F. hommage (formerly omnage = Pr. homenatge, Sp. homenage):—late L. homināticum (in Du Cange), f. homo, homin- man: see -age. The (late) OE. equivalent was mann-rǽden: see manred.]
1. In Feudal Law, Formal and public acknowledgement of allegiance, wherein a tenant or vassal declared himself the man of the king or the lord of whom he held, and bound himself to his service.
Phrases. to do († make), render homage; to resign homage, formally to renounce allegiance.
c1290Beket 600 in S. Eng. Leg. I. 123 Homage he scholde don to him. 1297R. Glouc. (Rolls) 7987 So þat þis Macolom..Dude king willam omage, & bicom is man al out. 13..Guy Warw. (A.) 1294 Mine men ȝe beþ & to me swore, Omage ȝe schul me þer-fore. c1400Ywaine & Gaw. 1952 And evermar to be hir frende, Umage made he to that hende. c1470Henry Wallace i. 116 King Eduuard..thar he gat ymage of Scotland swne. 1548Hall Chron., Hen. IV 8 To resigne to hym all the homages and fealties dewe to him as kyng. 1597Skene De Verb. Sign. s.v., Weemen makis na homage, bot onely fidelitie.. Homage concernis service specially in weirfare, to the quhilk weemen ar nocht subject. 1670Milton Hist. Eng. i. (1851) 23 He..gave them that Iland to hold of him as in Homage. 1843Carlyle Past & Pr. ii. xi, Coming to do homage for his Father's land. 1867Freeman Norm. Conq. I. iii. 99 Homage was there; for the relation of every man to his Lord was a relation of homage.
b. homage ancestral (see quot. 1595). homage feudal, homage liege (see quot. 1856.). new homage, homage by an alienee or his successors, as distinguished from homage ancestral. plain homage (see quot. 1727–41). simple homage = feudal homage.
[a1481Littleton Ten. ii. vii. (1516) B iv, Tenure per homage auncestrell.] 1595Rastell's Expos., Homage auncestrell, is where a man and his ancestours of time out of mind, did hold their land of their lord by homage. 1628Coke On Litt. 100 b, I think there is little or no land at all at this day holden by homage auncestrel. 1727–41Chambers Cycl. s.v., Plain Homage, or homage of a fee, where no oath of fidelity is taken. 1851Burrill Law Dict. 575 Simple homage; that kind of homage which was merely an acknowledgment of tenure, with a saving of the rights of other lords. 1856Bouvier's Law Dict. (ed. 6) I. 588 Homage was liege and feudal. The former was paid to the king, the latter to the lord.
c. An act of homage; a render or money payment made as an acknowledgement of vassalage.
[1432–50tr. Higden (Rolls) II. 89 Tenauntes were wonte to yelde theire wepens for an homage in the firste commenge of newe lordes.] 1599Nashe Lenten Stuffe 71 Euery yeare about Lent-tide, the sherifes of Norwich take certayne herring pies..and send them as a homage. c1645Howell Lett. xxxviii. (1726) 68 He is contented with a white Mule, and Purse of Pistoles about the Neck, which he receives every year for a Herriot or Homage. 1661in Tighe & Davis Ann. Windsor (1858) II. 302 To indeavour to take off the some of 36li 6s. charged as a homage dew to his Mati⊇. 1774T. West Antiq. Furness (1805) 109 Rents, services, homages.
2. A body of persons owning allegiance; spec. in Eng. Law, the body of tenants attending a manorial court, or the jury at such a court.
a1300K. Horn 1497 Þe king and his homage Ȝeuen Arnoldin trewage. a1577Sir T. Smith Commw. Eng. ii. xvii. 65 [In a manor] his tennantes being sworne make a Iurie which is not called the enquest, but the homage. 1620J. Wilkinson Courts Baron 143 You shall sweare that you as Foreman of this Homage..shall duely inquire and true presentment make. Ibid., Then call the rest of the Homage and sweare them. 1804Occurr. in Ann. Reg. 84 Court of Piedpoudre. Before the steward of Bartholomew fair and a special homage. Ibid., The homage returned a verdict for the plaintiff. 1865Spectator 7 June 9/2 With the consent of the ‘homage’, i.e., of his copyholders.
3. fig. Acknowledgement of superiority in respect of rank, worth, beauty, etc.; reverence, dutiful respect, or honour shown.
1390Gower Conf. I. 249 The yonge ladie was forth fet, To whome the lordes done homage. 1450–70Golagros & Gaw. 283 Thair gat he nane homage For all his hie parage. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 25 b, To do homage and honour to almyghty god. 1590Shakes. Com. Err. iii. ii. 43 Your weeping sister is no wife of mine, Nor to her bed no homage doe I owe. 1671Milton P.R. ii. 376 All these are Spirits of air, and woods, and springs, Thy gentle ministers, who come to pay Thee homage, and acknowledge Thee their Lord. 1785Burns Cottar's Sat. Nt. xviii, The parent-pair their secret homage pay. 1803Mackintosh Def. Peltier Wks. 1846 III. 272 They are compelled to pay a reluctant homage to the justice of English principles. 1823Chalmers Serm. I. 417, I offer them the homage of my respectful Congratulations. 1856Emerson Eng. Traits, Wealth Wks. (Bohn) II. 68 There is no country in which so absolute a homage is paid to wealth.
4. attrib. and Comb., as homage-breaker, homage-fee, homage-gift, homage-penny; homage-doing adj.; homage-jury, the jury at a manorial court.
c1586C'tess Pembroke Ps. lxxii. iv, The kinges of Tharsis homage guifts shall send. 1623Lisle ælfric on O. & N. Test. Ded. xiv, If after him..Be under thee such homage-breakers found. 1650Trapp Comm. Numb. xv. 20 Ye shall offer up a cake, As an homage-peny, as acknowledging God, the chief Lord of all. 1686in Tighe & Davis Ann. Windsor (1858) II 421 Paid to Sr Thomas Duppa the homage fee 16 06 8. 1729Jacob Law Dict., Homage Jury, is a Jury in a Court Baron, consisting of Tenants that do Homage to the Lord of the Fee. 1864Burton Scot Abr. I. i. 19 [He] called this homage-doing King his vassal.
▪ II. ˈhomage, v.
[f. prec. n., or ad. F. hommager (Cotgr.), f. hommage (see prec.).]
†1. trans. To render or pay as a token of homage. Obs.
a1592H. Smith Wks. (1866) I. 112 Every man must homage his heart. 1662Cowley Civ. War 63 To her great Neptune homag'd all his streams, And all the wide-stretch'd ocean was her Thames.
†2. intr. To pay homage. Obs.
1592Nobody & Someb. 240 in Simpson Sch. Shaks. (1878) I. 286 Servants homaging And crying Ave. 1636Heywood Love's Mistris ii. Wks. 1874 V. 115 To whom Jove some⁓times bends..Mars homageth, and Phebus will submit.
3. trans. To do homage or allegiance to.
1632Lithgow Trav. ix. 380 To Court I came, and homag'd Royall James. 1677Gilpin Demonol. (1867) 178 How he was homaged by fowls and fishes. 1773J. Ross Fratricide ii. 100 (MS.) For him the Universe..and all Creation ought To homage without ceasing. 1862Carlyle Fredk. Gt. ix. ix. III. 146 Don Carlos..styles himself ‘King of the two Sicilies’..whom Naples..willingly homages as such. |