| 释义 |
▪ I. holl, a. Obs. or dial.|həʊl|
Forms: 1–5 hol (infl. hole), 4–9 holl, (5 holle, dial. 5–9 hole, 9 howl(e): see also howe a. Sc.
[OE. hol hollow = OFris., OS., OHG. (MLG., MDu., Du., MHG.) hol (Ger. hohl), ON. holr (Sw. hol, Da. huul) hollow, concave; cf. Goth. hulundi cave, ushulôn to hollow out; OTeut. stem *hulo-, pre-Teut. *kulo-; perh. related to helan to cover, hele v.1; or with suffixal -l, from root *ku-, *kaw-, of L. cavus hollow; cf. Gr. κύαρ hole, orifice. As shown under hole n. (q.v.), OE. hol had o short, retained in ME., in which the l was normally doubled, while in hōle, which represents the inflected cases, the o was lengthened. Subsequently, short o before ll has also been lengthened (cf. boll, roll, poll), and in Sc. has become -ow(e, so that holl is in Sc. how, howe.]
1. Hollow, concave; having a void space within; empty.
c1000Sax. Leechd. I. 306 Ðas wyrte..on middan hol. Ibid. 316 Any hy beoð innan hole. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints, VII Sleperis 102 In a hol cowe [= cove] vndir a stane. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) ix. 35 Þai failed in þaire hertes and become holle within. c1440Promp. Parv. 242/2 Hol, as pypys, or percyd thyngys [v.rr. hole, hollowe], cavus. 1483Cath. Angl. 188/1 Holle, cavus natura, concauus arte, cauatus vtroque intelligitur, inanis. a1500Deguileville's Pilgr. 84 b (MS. St. John's, Camb.) in Cath. Angl. 188 note, Many a willowe is..hol with-in and fulle of wormys. 1513Douglas æneis v. ii. 85 Of the holl grave law A gret eddir slydand gan furth thraw. a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Holl, adj. hollow. 1847–78Halliwell, Hole..(5) Hollow; deep; concave. North. Metaphorically, hungry, cheerless, or comfortless. 1874Waugh Jannock iv. 30 (Lanc. Gloss.) ‘He must be varra howle when he's hungry’... ‘Howle!’ said Adam, ‘why he'll be like a two-legged drum, about t'middle o' t' forenoon’.
2. Deeply excavated or depressed, as a valley or ditch; lying in a hollow.
c897K. ælfred Gregory's Past. xxxiii. 217 ᵹif se weobud ufan hol nære. a1000Charter of æthelred in Kemble Cod. Dipl. V. 124 On ðone holan weᵹ. a1000Martyrol. 1 On anum holum stanscræfe. 1375Barbour Bruce vi. 78 He saw the brayis hye standand, The vattir holl throu slike rynand. Ibid. viii. 176 Sa holl & hye the dykis war. c1420Anturs of Arth. 116 (Douce) Withe eighen holked ful holle [rimes cholle, polle]. 1691Ray N.C. Words 37 Hole, hollow, deep: an hole dish, opposed to shallow. 1828Craven Dial. s.v. Howl, A howl dish, opposed to shallow. 1855Robinson Whitby Gloss., Holl, Holl time or Hollow time. ‘The holl of winter’, the depth of winter.
†3. In specific uses: holbasin, a deep basin; holcress (only OE. hol cerse), Field Gentian; holrush (holrysche), a bulrush; holtile, a concave tile such as those used for the ridges of a roof; holleway, hollow way, an excavated lane; holwork, the making of ‘holtiles’; concr. a quantity of such tiles. Also holleke.
c1000Sax. Leechd. II. 34 Wiþ wenne on eaᵹon, ᵹenim þa holan cersan. 1323in Rogers Agric. & Prices II. 436 Holwork. 1362Ibid. 438 Holtiles. c1440Promp. Parv. 244/2 Holrysche, or bulrysche [v.rr. hool ryschyn, holryschyne], papirus. 1463Bury Wills (Camden) 23, I wille she haue..the grettere hol basyn of ij. smale basynes. 1471Ibid. 242, j peluem laton voc' an holbasyn, j peluem laton voc' a flatbasyn. c1475Pict. Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 798/20 Hic traco, a hollewey.
▪ II. holl, n. Obs. exc. dial.
Forms: 1 hol, 1–9 holl, (5 holle, houle, 5–9 howle, 9 dial. houl, howl).
[OE. hol, late OE. and ME. holl, neuter of prec. adj. used subst.; retained chiefly in the north (pronounced (həʊl, hɔʊl); in Sc., holl has regularly become how, howe n.]
1. A hollow place; a cave, den; a hole.
c1050Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 187/1 Lustra, wilddeora holl and denn. c1205Lay. 20864 [Þe fox] i þan holle wendeð. c1352Pol. Poems (Rolls) I. 88 In holl gan thai it hide. c1400Destr. Troy 1362 Mony wyues..Hyd hom in houles and hyrnys aboute. Ibid. 11991 He..Hid hir in a howle vnder a hegh towre. c1470Henry Wallace v. 1022 With a knyff he stekit him to dede; In a dyrk holl kest him doun in that sted. 1500–20Dunbar Poems xxxii. 47 All the hollis wes stoppit hard. c1600Norden Spec. Brit., Cornw. (1728) 40 A holl or deepe vaute in the grounde, whereinto the sea floweth at high water.
b. A surface hollow, excavation, or deep depression in the ground; a ditch.
1701MS. relating to Suffolk Manors, One little piece of ground extending beyond the holl of him the sd. S.H. a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Holl, a ditch, particularly a dry one. 1825Brockett, Howl, a hollow or low place. ‘Wherever there's a hill, there's sure to be a howl.’ 1855Robinson Whitby Gloss., Holl, a deep hollow valley. 1888Rider Haggard Col. Quaritch I. vi. 96 To be kicked through every holl on the place.
†2. The hold of a ship. Cf. hole n. 6. Obs.
c1470Henry Wallace ix. 122 Bathe schip maistir, and the ster man also, In the holl, but baid, he gert thaim go. Ibid. x. 836 Out off the holl thai tuk skynnys gud speid. c1475Pict. Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 804/43 Hec carina, a holle. Ibid. 805/30 Hoc columbar, the holle of the schyp. c1490Promp. Parv. 243/1 (Pynson & MS. K) Holle [c 1440 hoole of a schyppe], carina. 1508Kennedie Flyting w. Dunbar 458 Foul brow in holl thow preposit for to pas. 1627Capt. Smith Seaman's Gram. vii. 33 When you let anything downe into the Howle, lowering it by degrees, they say, Amaine.
3. The middle or depth (of winter, night). north.
c1375Barbour Troy-bk. ii. 1695 In-to þe holl of wyntir richt. 1828Craven Dial., Hole, Houl, middle. ‘T' hole o' winter’. Sc. how, as ‘how o' the nicht’, midnight. 1868Atkinson Cleveland Gloss., Holl,..the depth of winter; sometimes applied also to the ‘dead time of night’.
▪ III. holl
obs. form of hull, whole. |