| 释义 |
‖ heyduck|ˈhaɪdʊk, ˈheɪdʌk|
Forms: 7 heyduque, 7– -duke, -duck, 9 heyduc, heiduc, -duck, haiduk, hayduk.
[a. Boh., Pol., Serv., Roman. hajduk, Magyar hajdú pl. hajdúk, in Bulg. hajdutin, mod.Gr. χαϊντούτης = chaidoutes, Turkish ḥaidūd robber, brigand.]
A term app. meaning originally ‘robber, marauder, brigand’ (a sense still retained in Serbia and adjacent countries), which in Hungary became the name of a special body of foot-soldiers (to whom the rank of nobility and a territory were given in 1605), and in Poland of the liveried personal followers or attendants of the nobles.
1615J. Stephens Satyr. Ess. 87 Like the Hungarian Heyducks their wrath is prone to mischief, and their amity is worth nothing. 1684Scanderbeg Rediv. iv. 54 First Marched five Companies of Heyduques. 1685Lond. Gaz. No. 2072/1 The Heydukes of Cattaro had made an incursion towards Goza, and had destroyed all that Country. 1729Brice's Weekly Jrnl. (Exeter) 16 May 3 A Dwarf..is to attend on his Royal Highness in the Dress of a Heyduke. 1772Ann. Reg. 82* Two Heyducks who were behind the coach, bravely exposed their lives to save the King [of Poland]. 1832Blackw. Mag. XXXII. 13 The richly costumed heydukes and chasseurs of the Hungarian lords. 1847Mrs. A. Kerr Hist. Servia 49 Such as refused to appear before the Kadi..fled into the forests and turned Heyducs or robbers. 1858Carlyle Fredk. Gt. vi. iii. II. 158 Carried by two shining particoloured creatures, heyducs so-called,..in a sublime sedan. 1889Athenæum 15 June 768/1 One of that extinct species of servants, the heyducs, holds the horse of the fat monarch. |