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herdwick|ˈhɜːdwɪk|
[f. herd n.2 + wick: cf. bailiwick, bailiffwick.]
†1. The tract of land under the charge of a ‘herd’ or shepherd employed by the owner or lord of the manor: see quot. 1537; a pasture-ground, a sheep-farm. Obs.
[c1086Domesday, Gloc. lf. 162 a, In Wales sunt iii hardvices Lamecare & poteschivet & Dinan.] c1150in Dugdale Mon. Angl. (1661) 39/2 (Grant for foundation of a cell at Bredon), Viginti solidos de Molendino de Crakemero..et quadraginta solidos in soca de Stapelfordia; et unam Herdewicam in Hethcote, juxta Hertadona, in Pecco. 1537Certif. Reven. Furness Abbey in Beck Ann. Furnes. (1884) App. 64 Pastures with Agistament and brusyng..occupied to thuse of the said late Monastery for the sustentacyon of ther catell, and..devyded into sundry herdwyks and shepe cots. c1537Sir J. Lamplugh ibid., note, Erleghecote haythe always beyn a hyrdewyke or pasture ground for the schepe of thabbottes of Furnes..and euer in theyr possessyon; and who soeuer inhabytyd therapone haythe always beyn the Abbottes hyrde, and remouable at theyr pleasures, and not tenauntes by ony custome. 1564Decree in West Antiq. Furness (1744) App. ix, Those parcells following, that is to say, the herdwick called Waterside Parke..the herdwick called Lawson Park..the herdwick called Plumers.
2. (In full Herdwick sheep): A hardy breed of mountain sheep in Cumberland and Westmorland.
Supposed to have originated on the herdwicks of the Abbey of Furness. They still usually belong to the landlord of a fell-side farm, along with which they are leased to the tenant.
1837Penny Cycl. VIII. 223/2 A peculiar breed of sheep, called Herdwicks, from their being farmed out to herds at a yearly sum, is met with on the mountains, at the head of the Duddon and Esk rivers. 1868A. Craig Gibson Joe & the Geologist in Folk-Sp. Cumbld. (1880) 2 Yan wad ha' sworn he was summut akin tul a Herdwick tip. 1878Cumberland Gloss., Herdwicks, the mountain sheep of the west of Cumberland..let out in herds or flocks with the farms. 1887Hall Caine Son of Hagar i. ii, Auld Mr. Ritson's, them herdwicks. |