| 释义 |
‖ hepatica Bot.|hɪˈpætɪkə|
[med.L., fem. (quasi herba hēpatica) of hēpatic-us: see prec.]
1. A subgenus or section of the genus Anemone; esp. the common spring-flowering Anemone (Hepatica) triloba, a native of continental Europe, cultivated in Britain, the three-lobed leaves of which were fancied to resemble the liver.
1578Lyte Dodoens i. xl. 58 The leaues of Hepatica are broade, and diuided into three partes..Amongst the leaues groweth fayre azured or blew floures, euery one growing vpon a single stemme. Ibid. 59 [It] may be called in English Hepatica, Noble Agrimonie, or Three leafe Lyuerwurte. 1664Evelyn Kal. Hort. (1729) 192 January..Flowers in Prime..Hepatica, Primroses, Laurus-tinus. 1803J. Abercrombie Ev. Man Own Gard. 688/1 Hepaticas, single white, single blue, single red, Double red, Double Blue. 1882Garden 11 Mar. 155/1 The fine single blue American Hepatica..is a stronger and more vigorous species.
2. The old name in the herbalists for Common Liverwort, Marchantia polymorpha, a lichen-like plant which creeps over wet rocks and damp ground, rooting from the lower surface of the leaf. Hence pl. Hepaticæ, a group of Cryptogams allied to the Mosses, containing plants which have no operculum, and as a rule possess elaters; of which the Common Liverwort is an example.
The group was proposed and named by the French botanist Adanson (Familles des Plantes, 1763).
1548Turner Names of Herbes 48 Lichen is called in englise Liuerwurte, in duch Steinliberkraut, in french Hepatique, the Poticaries cal it Hepatica. 1578Lyte Dodoens iii. lxx. 411 This herbe is called in Greeke λειχὴν: in Latine Lichen: in Shoppes Hepatica..in Englishe Liuerwurt and Stone Liuerwort. 1796Withering Brit. Plants (ed. 3) I. 349 The Cryptogamia Class..may be divided into the following orders or assemblages:—1. Miscellaneæ; 2. Filices; 3. Musci; 4. Hepaticæ; 5. Algæ; 6. Fungi. Ibid. 363 Hepaticæ..Female fructifications inclosed in a veil which splits open at the top, and discharges the capsule. 1867J. Hogg Microsc. ii. i. 308 The little group of Hepaticae or Liverworts which is intermediate between Lichens and Mosses. 1880C. R. Markham Peruv. Bark 273 His vast collection of mosses and hepaticæ from the valley of the Amazons. |