| 释义 |
▪ I. heck, n.1 Chiefly Sc. and north. dial.|hɛk|
Forms: 1 hec, 4–5 hek, hekke, (5 hec, heke), 6– heck (6 hekk, 7 hecke, heake); other forms, see hatch n.1
[OE. hęc (in fodder-hęc, Anglia IX. 265), also hæc:—WGer. *hakjā: cf. in same sense MLG. heck, Du. hek fence, rail, gate, in Kilian hecke. Heck is a northern form, the southern being hetch. The OE. variant hæc (cf. Sievers Ags. Gr., ed. 3, §89) gave in southern and midl. Eng. the form hatch: see also hack n.2]
1. a. The lower half of a door; also, an inner door; = hatch n.1 1. north. dial.
13..Minor Poems fr. Vernon MS. xxiv. 231 Of paradys he opened the hekke. c1425Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 668/4 Hoc ostiolum, hek. c1440Promp. Parv. 231/2 Hec, hek, or hetche, or a dore. c1460Towneley Myst. (Surtees) 106 Good wyff, open the hek. Seys thou not what I bryng? 1483Cath. Angl. 181/1 An Heke (A. hekke), antica. 1570Levins Manip. 54/9 An Heck, hatch, portella. 1674–91Ray N.C. Words 36 The Heck, the Door. Steck the Heck. Ibid. 133 The Hollen is a wall about 2½ yards high, used in Dwelling Houses to secure the family from the blasts of wind rushing in when the heck is open. 1703Thoresby Let. to Ray (E.D.S.), Heck, the heck is ordinarily but half a door, the lower half. 1788W. Marshall Yorksh. Gloss. (E.D.S.), Heck,..also the inner or entry-door of a cottage; formerly, in all probability made like a heck. 1876Whitby Gloss., Heck, a door, or rather a door in halves as a top and bottom; especially the lower half door. 1893Northumbld. Gloss., Heck, heck-door, the inner door between the entry or lobby, and the house or kitchen.
b. (See quots.) north. dial.
1825Brockett, Heck..the passage into a house. 1847–78Halliwell, Heck, the division from the side of the fire in the form of a passage in old houses.
2. A grating or frame of parallel bars in a river to obstruct the passage of fish, or other solid bodies, without obstructing the flow of the water: variously applied to an apparatus of this kind used to catch fish at a weir, and in Sc. and north Eng., to the bars or spars of which this is composed, also to a horizontal series of bars laid alongside the top of a dam or weir to prevent salmon from jumping over it, and to a grating of vertical bars set in a mill-race to prevent solid floating substances or fish from passing over or under the mill-wheel; = hatch n.1 7.
1424Sc. Acts Jas. I, c. 12 Þat ilk hek of þe forsaid crufis be þre inche wyde as it is requirit in þe auld statutis. 1472Act 12 Edw. IV, c. 7 Hebbyngwerez, estakez, kideux, hekkez ou flodegates. 1531–2Act 23 Hen. VIII, c. 18 title, Fisshegarthes, piles, stakes, heckes, and other ingins sett in the Ryver & Water of Ouse & Humbre. c1575Balfour's Practicks (1754) 543 All sic cruives and maskis and heckis thairof, sall have at the leist twa inche in lenth, and thre inche in breidth, swa that the smolt or fry may frelie swim up and down the water. 1623N. Riding Rec. (1885) III. ii. 199 Matthew Harland presented for suffering his salmon heckes to stand in the Eske in unseasonable times. a1724in Hearne R. Glouc. (1724) Gloss. s.v. Hext, Grates, sett in Rivers or Waters before Fludgates, which are called Hecks. 1804Act 43 Geo. III, c. xlv. §15 No person shall use any grate heck or other engine or device..in any fishery..whereof the bars or staps shall be otherwise than perpendicular and of an oval shape. 1820Aberdeen Jrnl. 2 Aug. (Jam.), To put proper hecks on the tail-races of their canals, to prevent salmon or grilse from entering them. 1863N.B. Daily Mail 12 Sept., It is in the power of the Commissioners to order hecks above and below mill⁓wheels. 1870Law Rep. 5 Com. Pleas 717 Besides the perpendicular hecks placed in the apertures of the weir or dam, there were also a set of horizontal hecks..along the top of the weir. Ibid. 718 This coop was legal in all its parts..both in the coop-hecks and the weirhecks.
3. A rack made with parallel spars to hold fodder, either fixed in a stable, or movable, so as to be placed in a field, cattle-yard, or sheep-fold (stand-heck); = hack n.2 2, hatch n.1 2. at heck and manger: in comfortable circumstances, in plenty, ‘in clover’. Sc. and north. dial.
c1420Anturs of Arth. 448 (Thornton MS.) Haye hendly, heuyde in hekkes [v.r. haches] on hyghte. 1521in Archæol. XVII. 203 A rowm..which I have orissed with Hek and Mangeor for xx horse. 1620Markham Farew. Husb. ii. 13 The soyle of yong Cattell made in the Winter time by feeding at stand Heakes. 1663Inv. Ld. J. Gordon's Furniture, The stables all in order, with heck and manger. 1748tr. Renatus' Distemp. Horses 99 The Rack or Heck as the common People call it. 1814Scott Wav. lxiv, ‘[He] maintained puir Davie at heck and manger maist feck o' his life.’ 1824S. E. Ferrier Inher. II. 237 (D.) Six horses..had been living at heck and manger. 1877N.W. Linc. Gloss., Heck, a rack for fodder in a stable or field.
4. = hake n.3 1. Obs. or dial.
1403Nottingham Rec. II. 20, j. chesehek, ijd. 1611–14[see cheese n.1 7].
5. (See quots.) Also heck-board. local.
1825Brockett, Heck-board, a loose board at the back part of a cart. 1862Jrnl. R. Agric. Soc. XXIII. 216 One-horse carts, with hecks and shelvings. 1883Almondbury Gloss., Heck,..the rail or hurdle placed in front and behind a cart, used in housing hay.
6. A ‘shuttle’ or sluice in a drain; = hatch n.1 6. local.
1877N.W. Linc. Gloss.
7. A contrivance in a spinning-wheel, and hence, also, in a warping-mill, by which the yarn or thread is guided to the reel or reels: see quots.
1824Mactaggart Gallovid. Encycl., Heck,..the toothed thing which guides the spun-thread on to the pirn, in spinning-wheels. 1829E. Irving Tales Times Mart. in Anniversary 283 Her spinning wheel was of the upright construction, having no heck, but a moveable eye which was carried along the pirn by a heart-motion. 1883H. P. Smith Gloss. Terms & Phr., Heck,..an apparatus by which the threads of warps are separated into sets for heddles.
8. attrib. and Comb., as heck-door, heck-stake (see sense 1), heck-stave; heck-board (see sense 5); heck-box, a box used to divide the warp threads into two alternate sets, one for each heddle or heald; heck-stead, -way (dial.), a doorway; heck-stower, one of the spars of a heck: see also quot. 1876.
1875Knight Dict. Mech., s.v. Heck, The *heck-box slides vertically on a bar as the reel rotates, and thus disposes the warp spirally on the reel.
1811Aiton Agric. Surv. Ayrsh. 115 (Jam.) The cattle..turning the contrary way by the *heck-door to the byre or stable. 1888Sheffield Gloss., Heck-doors, small wooden doors opening into a farmyard.
1876Whitby Gloss., *Hecksteeak, the door-stake or night⁓bar.
1416–17Durh. MS. Terr. Roll., *Hekstaues pro ovibus in le Holme.
1876Whitby Gloss., *Hecksteead, or Heckway, the doorway.
1401–2Durh. MS. Terr. Roll., *Hekstaures pro le Holme. 1641Best Farm. Bks. (Surtees) 121 Younge trees..in fower or five yeares space..will serve for flayle-hande-staffes, cavinge-rake-shaftes, hecke⁓stowers [etc.]. 1876Whitby Gloss., Heckstower, the portable beam across the middle of the hatchway (i.e. the opening through the shop floor into the cellar) for supporting the lid.
▪ II. heck, n.3 and int. dial. and colloq.|hɛk|
Euphemistic alteration of hell. (Also hecky in dial. use.)
[1865[J. A. Ferguson] Wot Aw seed ut th' Preston Eggsibishun 88 (E.D.D.), Well, aw'll go to ecky, he cried. 1878J. Almond Bunch of Watercresses 21 Where the hecky could he go to? ]
1887T. Darlington Folk-sp. S. Cheshire s.v., What the heck are yŏ up to? 1922S. Lewis Babbitt xiv. 178 How it feels, by heck, to be up at five-thirty. 1925Blackw. Mag. Oct. 545/1, I couldn't make out what in heck was going on. 1928M. Walsh While Rivers Run ii. §3 By heck! what a kick he must have in that right of his. 1930Daily Express 23 May 10/3 Does the borough council care? By heck, it doesn't! 1932J. T. Farrell Studs Lonigan (1936) iii. 68 He would have the heck of a time explaining his shiner to the old lady. 1933Punch 11 Jan. 52/1 He insisted on St. Isinglas because he thought everything here was so well organised. The heck it is. 1936M. H. Bradley Five Minute Girl xiii. 236 He had certainly played heck with that party. 1956E. Pound tr. Sophocles' Women of Trachis 17 That fellow was lying, one time or the other, One heck of a messenger! 1957I. Cross God Boy (1958) i. 12 Heck now, I started off with Dad talking to me..and here we are no further on. Ibid. xii. 95 People go all the way the heck over to France. 1966Guardian 5 Feb. 6/4 Sometimes he sings for sheer fun and the heck of it. 1973D. Westheimer Going Public i. 15 It's a heck of a responsibility.
▪ III. heck, v.
[Echoic. Cf. hack v.1 13.]
intr. To cough slightly; to imitate the noise of a cough.
1892P. H. Emerson Son of Fens 44 They had seen me, and they hecked when they came in.
So † ˈhecking ppl. a. = hacking ppl. a. 2.
1642Fuller Holy & Prof. St. ii. ii. 55 An hecking cough which ever attendeth that disease. 1750Phil. Trans. XLVI. 438 A short, low, hecking, hoarse Cough. 1799Beddoes Contrib. Phys. & Med. Knowl. 536 A hard cough, which had succeeded to a short hecking cough. |