| 释义 |
unˈkindness
[un-1 12.]
†1. Unnatural conduct; absence of natural affection or consideration for others. Obs.
a1300Cursor M. 13018 Þis herod..vnkendnes kidd ful rjf, He reft his broþer philipp his wijf. 1362Langl. P. Pl. A. iii. 280 Vnkuyndenesse is Comaundour and kuyndenesse is Banescht. 1380Lay Folks Catech. (L.) 938 Yf he kepe hem [sc. the commandments] not he doþ to god more vnkendenesse þan ony broþer may do to anoþer. c1400Beryn 1354 He cursid his grete vnkyndnes To foreȝit his modir. 1477Rolls of Parlt. VI. 173/1 The grett offences, unkyndnese and mysbehavyngs, that..Nevell hath doon. a1513Fabyan Chron. i. xv. (1811) 15 The vnkyndnesse of his ii. doughters, consyderynge theyr wordes to hym before spoken and sworne. 1570Homilies ii. Wilful Rebellion i. (1640) 282 So farre doth their unkindnesse, unnaturalnesse, wickednesse..excell anything..that can be expressed.
†b. Uncharitableness; niggardliness. Obs.
1377Langl. P. Pl. B. xvii. 263 Diues deyed dampned for his vnkyndenesse Of his mete & his moneye to men that it neded.
†2. Ingratitude, unthankfulness. Obs.
1340Hampole Pr. Consc. 5587 Agayne þam sal Crist allege sone,..and reherce his benefices,..To reprove þam of þair unkyndenes. 1380Lay Folks Catech. (L.) 946 Yf we with-stond þat lord þat made vs..we do þe most vnkendenesse þat may be wroȝt. c1450Mirk's Festial 113 Saynt Barnard yn Cristys person makyth gret waymentacyon for þe vnkyndnesse þat he sethe yn men. 1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 362/2 We receyue dayly many bienfaites of this cyte and it sholde be a grete unkyndness to us yf we socoured it not in this grete nede. 1531Elyot Gov. ii. xiii, The most damnable vice..is ingratitude, commenly called unkyndnesse. 1585Abp. Sandys Serm. 189 After that God had thus set forth his great goodnesse towardes them, hee chargeth them with their great vnkindenesse towards him. 1605Shakes. Lear iii. ii. 16, I taxe not you, you Elements with vnkindnesse. I neuer gave you Kingdome, call'd you Children.
†b. A flock (of ravens). Obs.—0
c1452in Trans. Philol. Soc. 1907–10, III. 52 Vnkyndenys of rauynnys. 1486Bk. St. Albans f vj.
3. The fact of being unkind; unkind action or treatment.
c1374Chaucer Anel. & Arc. 292 My self I mourdre with my prevy thoght For sorowe and routhe of your vn-kyndnesse. 1390Gower Conf. II. 299 This Emperour al that he tolde Hath herd, and thilke unkindenesse He seide he wolde himself redresse. c1491Chast. Goddes Chyld. 12 Trouth fynde they nowhere but wronges detraccyons and un⁓kyndenes. 1535Coverdale 2 Macc. xiv. 30 When Machabeus sawe that Nicanor beganne to be churlish vnto him..he perceaued that soch vnkyndnes came not of good. 1594R. Wilson Coblers Proph. iii. iii, Know you not, vnkindnes kills a woman? 1621J. Taylor (Water P.) Unnat. Father Wks. (1630) 136/2 Ruing his vnkindnesse to his Wife. 1651Hobbes Leviath. i. vi. 27 Some Weep for the losse of Friends; Others for their unkindnesse. 1742Gray Eton 76 The stings of Falshood those shall try, And hard Unkindness' alter'd eye. 1784Cowper Task vi. 627 Attachment..proof alike Against unkindness, absence, and neglect. 1825Scott Talism. xx, Eloquent in urging her own defence, the Queen was far more so in pressing upon Richard the charge of unkindness. 1882‘Ouida’ Maremma I. 69 Joconda feared no scorn and unkindness on the score of her birth.
b. An instance of this: an unkind action.
1505in Mem. Hen. VII (Rolls) 266 The whiche the kynge..takithe for a grete onkyndnes. 1555Bradford Let. in Foxe A. & M. (1583) 1661/1 All those vnkyndnesses, rudenes, &c., whereof you accuse your selfe. 1606Shakes. Ant. & Cl. i. ii. 138 Why then we kill all our Women. We see how mortall an vnkindnesse is to them. 1660Trial Regic. 133, I hope he will think it no unkindnesse in me. 1809–14Wordsw. Excurs. vi. 776 Her uncharitable acts, I trust, And harsh unkindnesses are all forgiven. 1860E. Eden Semi-attached Couple xiii, A series of small unkindnesses is very offensive indeed.
4. Unkindly feeling; ill-will, enmity, hostility. Now rare or Obs.
c1400Destr. Troy 144 With a course of vnkyndnes he caste in his thoghte, The freike vpon faire wise ferke out of lyue. 1465in 10th Rep. Hist. Mss. Comm. App. V. 302 The tyme of thar unkyndnesse other warre with the citie. 1562Child Marr. 203 By which did growe an vnkindnes betwene them. 1588Marprel. Epist. (Arb.) 38 Because the gamesters..wan all his monie at trey trip [he] tooke such vnkindenes at the alehouse that [etc.]. 1624Capt. Smith Virginia iii. 52 This bred some vnkindnesse betweene our two Captaines. 1658Jer. Taylor Let. in 12th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. V. 5 If ever you have..heard of any overtures of unkindnesse betweene them. a1700Evelyn Diary 24 Apr. 1692, Unkindness betweene the Queene and her sister. 1823Scott Quentin D. vii, I will bestow another to wash away unkindness. 1825― Betrothed xviii, He died when we were in unkindness with each other.
†5. Unnatural character or quality. Obs.
1502Ord. Crysten Men (W. de W. 1506) i. vii. F iv b, By this artycle we sholde knowe the mysery & ryght unkyndenesse of humanyne condycyon. a1513Fabyan Chron. v. cxxiv. 104 Whan the Embassade..had shewyd y⊇ vnkyndnesse of this warre with the ieopardyes that myght ensue of y⊇ same. |