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单词 hasp
释义 I. hasp, n.|hɑːsp, -æ-|
Forms: α. 1 hæpse, 3–7 haspe, (6 happys, hosp), 4– -hasp (7– dial. hapse). β. (north.) 2–7 hespe, 5– hesp.
[OE. hæpse (:—*hæspe) wk. fem. ‘fastening, clasp, hasp’; cf. OHG. haspa fem., a reelful of yarn, MHG. haspe, hespe reel, hinge, hinge-hook, Ger. haspe hasp, clamp, hinge, hook, dial. reel, häspe ham of the leg; MLG. hespe, haspe hinge, MDu. haspe hasp or fastening of a door, reel, skein of yarn, hespe hinge, joint, ham, ON. hespa wk. fem. ‘wisp or skein of wool, hasp, fastening’. The sense-history of the group is obscure, and it may be doubted whether the ‘hasp’ of a door, and a ‘hasp’ of yarn, though in form identified in all the langs., were originally the same word. (But cf. hank.)]
I.
1. A contrivance for fastening a door or lid: now chiefly applied to a hinged clasp of metal which passes over a staple and is secured by a pin or padlock; also (in a trunk or box), a hinged plate of metal with a projecting piece of the nature of a staple which fits into a hole and is secured by the lock.
c1000ælfric Saints' Lives II. 328 Sum sloh mid slecge swiðe þa hæpsan.c1150Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 546/42 Sera, hespe.13..Coer de L. 4083 Undernethe is an hasp, Schet with a stapyl and a clasp.c1386Chaucer Miller's T. 284 To the chambre dore he gan hym dresse..And by the haspe [Lansdowne hespe] he haaf it of atones.a1420Hoccleve De Reg. Princ. 1104 Up is broke lok, haspe, barre, and pynne.c1470Henry Wallace vii. 416 Stapill and hesp.1515Pilton Churchw. Acc. (Som. Rec. Soc.) 70 For mendyng off a happys..ijd.1560Ludlow Churchw. Acc. (Camden) 96 A stapulle and a haspe for the..chest.1572Nottingham Rec. IV. 145 Stapyles, hespes, and brages.1631MS. Acc. St. John's Hosp., Canterb., For charnells and haspes for the two chests in our hall.1674Ray S. & E.C. Words 80 In Sussex for hasp, clasp, wasp, they pronounce hapse, clapse, wapse.1680Lond. Gaz. No. 1537/4 One Sugar-Box..with a Hasp to fasten it on one side.1852Mrs. Stowe Uncle Tom's C. xv, ‘This trunk has got to be shut and locked’..The hasp snapped sharply in its hole.1886Hall Caine Son of Hagar ii. i, The pony was tied to the hasp of the gate.
b. Applied to other simple contrivances for fastening a door, casement window, etc.; also, a latch for a sash window.
1772Phil. Trans. LXII. 138, I fastened the other end with a small hasp to one of the jambs.1855Tennyson Maud i. xiv. ii, If a hand..were laid On the hasp of the window.1855Robinson Whitby Gloss., Hesp, the door⁓fastener or button which turns on a pivot in the centre.1876Gwilt Archit. Gloss., Hasp, the fastening to a common casement.1885Law Times 315/2 He must not break a pane to undo the hasp of the window.1886Fenn Master of Ceremonies vi, The spring of the window hasp.
c. ‘A semi-circular clamp turning in an eye-bolt in the stem-head of a sloop or boat, and fastened by a forelock in order to secure the bowsprit down to the bows’ (Smyth Sailor's Word-bk.).
d. O. Eng. and Sc. Law. by hasp and staple: see quots.
[c1250Bracton v. iv. xv. 14 (Rolls) VI. 138 Seysina facta..vel per nuntium, per fustim, vel per baculum, vel per haspam.1292Britton ii. ix. §6 Deliverer al purchaceour la seisine par le haspe ou par le anel del uihs, ou par encousture de la porte.]1569in Balfour Practicks (1754) 175 Or he sould be saisit be hesp and stapill, as the commoun use is within burgh.1861W. Bell Dict. Law Scotl., Hasp and Staple is the form of entering an heir in a burgage subject..The claimant alleges his title, and proves it by witnesses; on which the bailie declares him to be heir, and makes him take hold of the hasp and staple of the door as a symbol of possession, and then enter the house and bolt himself in. [Entry by hasp and staple is now obsolete under Conveyancing and Land Transfer (Scotland) Act, 1874 (37 & 38 Vict. c. 94 §25).]
2. A clasp or catch for fastening two parts of a garment, the covers of a book, etc.
a1300Body & Soul in Map's Poems (Camden) 338 A denkles cope for to bere al brennynde on him was kest, With hote haspes i-mad to spere.c1400Destr. Troy 5254 The haspes of his helme heturly brast.a1698Evelyn Voy. Marry-land (R.), A curious hasp The manteau 'bout her neck to clasp.1715Pancirollus' Rerum Mem. I. iv. ii. 155 Shoes..either lac'd close..or else clasp'd with Taches or Hasps.1829Hood Eug. Aram vi, He strain'd the dusky covers close, And fix'd the brasen hasp.
3. (?) A handle of a trunk or case.
a1774Goldsm. To Sir J. Reynolds (R.), Four [men] got under each trunk, the rest surrounded, and held the hasps.1868W. Collins Moonst. (1889) 118 An old japaned tin case, with a cover to it, and a hasp to hang it up by.
II.
4. A hank or skein of yarn, thread or silk; a definite quantity of yarn, the fourth part of a spindle.
a1400Octouian 1442 The brydel was made of chaynys, Of grete haspys wer the reynys.c1400Destr. Troy 3899 Here huet on his hede as haspis of silke.c1440Promp. Parv. 238/1 Hespe of threde, mataxa, haspum, filipulus.1792Statist. Acc. Scotl., Fifesh. VI. 43 (Jam.) About 30 years ago..a hesp or slip, which is the fourth part of a spindle, was thought a sufficient day's work for a woman.
5. A reel for winding yarn, thread, or silk. Obs. [Only in Dicts. Perh. an error of Skinner.]
1671Skinner Etymol. Ling. Ang., Hasp, alabrum seu Instrumentum Textorium in quod filum fusi evolvitur.1730–6Bailey (folio), An Hasp, a Reel to wind Yarn on.1828Webster Hasp, a spindle to wind thread or silk on (local).
III. 6. ‘An instrument for cutting the surface of grass-land; a scarifier’ (Webster 1864).
7. attrib., as hasp-lock.
1881Young Every Man his own Mechanic §865 The hasp-lock used for trunks and portmanteaus.
II. hasp, v.
Also 1 hæpsian, 4–7 haspe; 9 dial. hesp.
[OE. hæpsian, f. hæpse hasp n.]
1. trans. To fasten with, or as with, a hasp.
c1000ælfric Gram. xxxvii. (Z.) 220 Ic scytte sum loc oððe hæpsiᵹe.13..E.E. Allit. P. B. 419 With-outen..Hurrok, oþer hande-helme hasped on roþer.a1375Joseph Arim. 205 A dore..haspet ful faste.c1400Destr. Troy 8593 Ector..haspit on his helme, & his horse toke.c1440Gesta Rom. lxxxvii. 408 (Harl. MS.) Be not a-ferde..for I shall haspe the dore, and pynne it with a pynne.1570Levins Manip. 35/37 To Haspe, obserare.1611Cotgr., Aggraffer..to buckle, or haspe.1727Bradley Fam. Dict. s.v. Bee hive, A small light Wooden Shutter, to hasp in cold Weather on the Outside.1854H. Miller Sch. & Schm. (1858) 15 The companion-head was hasped down.1869Lonsdale Gloss., Hesp, to hasp or fasten the latch of a door.1882Mrs. Raven's Tempt. II. 181 She went to the window and hasped it.
b. fig. To fasten together, unite firmly.
1362Langl. P. Pl. A. i. 171 So harde heo beoþ with Auarice I-haspet to-gedere [1393 ― C. ii. 193 So harde hath aueryce hasped hem to-gederes].
2. To clasp, embrace. Obs.
13..Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 1388 He hasppez his fayre hals his armez wyth-inne, & kysses hym.c1400Destr. Troy 367 Hailsyng of hed bare, haspying in armys.1607Tourneur Rev. Trag. iii. v. Wks. 1878 II. 91 If hee tooke mee haspt within his bed.
3. To gird with mail or tight-fitting clothes; to buckle.
13..E.E. Allit. P. C. 381 He askez heterly a hayre & hasped hym vmbe.13..Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 281 If I were hasped in armes on a heȝe stede.Ibid. 831 Alle hasped in his heȝ wede.
4. To confine or fasten (in a tight place); to lock up. Obs.
1680Eliz. Cellier in Howell St. Trials (1816) VII. 1187 He told me..that he had been squeezed and hasped into a thing like a trough, in a dungeon under ground.1699Garth Dispens. v. (1700) 65 Haspt in a tombril..With one fat slave before, and none behind.1711Steele Spect. No. 132 ⁋2 Being hasped up with thee in this publick Vehicle.Ibid. No. 155 ⁋2, I keep a Coffee-house..I am unavoidably hasped in my Bar.
Hence ˈhasping vbl. n.
1611Cotgr., Aggraffement, a hooking, clasping..a hasping.
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更新时间:2024/12/22 13:50:09