| 释义 |
hartshorn|ˈhɑːtshɔːn|
[f. hart's (possessive of hart) + horn.]
1. The horn or antler of a hart; the substance obtained by rasping, slicing, or calcining the horns of harts, formerly the chief source of ammonia.
c1000Sax. Leechd. I. 234 Wiþ heafod sare, heortes hornes axan fif peneᵹa ᵹewæᵹe drinc. c1420Pallad. on Husb. i. 937 Brent hertis horn. 1578Lyte Dodoens iv. lxxx. 544 Putting thereto Hartes horne burnt and washed. 1646Sir T. Browne Pseud. Ep. 335 So of the suffitus of a torch, doe Painters make a velvet blacke..so of burnt Harts horn a sable. 1655Marquis of Worcester Cent. Inv. §83 A Rasping-Mill for Harts-horn. 1718Quincy Compl. Disp. 8 The Spirit of Animals, as what is procur'd from Hartshorn. 1732Arbuthnot Rules of Diet 264 Calcin'd Hartshorn. 1796H. Glasse Cookery xxi. 334 The shavings of hartshorn.
2. spirit of hartshorn, also simply hartshorn: the aqueous solution of ammonia (whether obtained from harts' horns or otherwise). salt of hartshorn: carbonate of ammonia; smelling salts.
1685Boyle Salub. Air 109 A colourless Liquor, namely Spirit of Hartshorn or of Sal-armoniac. a1698Temple Gout (R.), The Count..gave me a receipt of the salt of hartshorn, by which a famous Italian physician..had performed mighty cures. 1709Steele Tatler No. 23 ⁋2 Down she fell..Hartshorn! Betty, Susan, Alice, throw Water in her Face. 1807T. Thomson Chem. (ed. 3) II. 6 Ammonia..was known by the name of volatile alkali; it was also called hartshorn, because..obtained by distilling the horn of the hart. 1875H. C. Wood Therap. (1879) 557 In the use of hartshorn..it is necessary to exercise care, lest injury should be done to the delicate mucous membrane.
†3. Applied to two plants having leaves branched like a stag's horn:
a. Buck's-horn Plantain, Plantago Coronopus (also hartshorn plantain);
b. Swine's Cress, Senebiera Coronopus. Obs.
1578Lyte Dodoens i. lxiv. 93 The first Crowfoote or Hartshorne..bringeth forth vpon each side of the leafe three or foure shorte startes or branches, almost like to the branches of a Hartes horne. Ibid. 95 We may also call it Hartes horne Plantayne, Buckehorne Plantayne. 1656Culpepper Eng. Phys. Enl., Bucks-horn, it is also called Harts-horn..the Vertues are held to be the same of Bucks⁓horn plantane. 1674N. Cox Gentl. Recreat. (1677) 142 Juice of an Herb called Harts-horn. 1866Treas. Bot., Hart'shorn, Plantago Coronopus.
4. attrib. and Comb., as hartshorn drops, hartshorn-rasper, hartshorn shavings, hartshorn tea; † hartshorn beetle, the stag-beetle; hartshorn jelly, a nutritive jelly made formerly from the shavings of harts' horns, now from those of calves' bones; hartshorn plantain (see 3).
1658Rowland Moufet's Theat. Ins. 1005 The πλατύκερως, or *Harts horn Beetle is called Lucanus by Nigidius.
1706–7Farquhar Beaux Strat. iv. i, Here, here, let's see the *Hartshorn-drops. 1813J. Thomson Lect. Inflam. 641 Hartshorn drops, and such-like stimulating fluids.
1769Mrs. Raffald Eng. Housekpr. (1778) 210 To make *Hartshorn Jelly. 1883–4Cassell's Dict. Cookery 308 Hartshorn Jelly—Boil half a pound of hartshorn shavings in four pints of water for three hours.
1725Lond. Gaz. No. 6382/11 Richard Sill..*Harthorn-Rasper.
1747Wesley Prim. Physic (1762) 48 Two ounces of *Hartshorn shavings.
a1762Lady M. W. Montagu Song to Lady Irwin i. Lett., etc. 1887 II. 511 'Tis too soon for *hartshorn tea. |