| 释义 |
hards, hurds, n. pl. Now local.|hɑːdz, hɜːdz|
Forms: α. 1 heordan, 2–3 heorden, 4–5 herdes, -is, 4–7 hurdes, 5–6 heerdis, hyrdes, -ys, -is, 6–7 hirds, 6– hurds. β. 4–6 hardes, -is, -ys, 5– hards.
[OE. heordan fem. pl.: cf. early mod.Du. herde, heerde ‘fibra lini’ Kilian (not in Hexham). Corresp. to OLG., OFris. hêde, NFris. hêde, heed, MLG., MDu., Da. hede, LG. hede, heden, heen:—OTeut. type *hizdôn-; cf. Goth. mizdô, OS. mêd(a, OE. meord. The form hards is north. and n. midl., herds or hurds s. midl. and west. These are in form plural, but are sometimes construed as sing. Cf. harden n. and a.]
The coarser parts of flax or hemp separated in hackling.
αc725Corpus Gloss. 1908 Stuppa, heordan. c1050Gloss. in Wr.-Wülcker 451/27 Naptarum, heordena. a1225Ancr. R. 418 Nexst fleshe ne schal mon werien no linene cloð, bute ȝif hit beo of herde and of greate heorden. c1350Leg. Rood (1871) 81 Hir clathes..bigan to brin Als herdes þat had bene right dry. a1366Chaucer Rom. Rose 1233 A sukkenye, That not of hempe ne heerdis was. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. viii. xliii. (Tollem. MS.), Yf suche a stone is set aforne þe sonne, hurdes set þerto beþ tende and set on fyre. c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 35 A plumacio..maad of herdis [B. hurdes] or of towe. c1440Promp. Parv. 241/1 Hyrdys, or herdys of flax, or hempe, stuppa. 1530Palsgr. 183 Vnes estovpes, a locke of towe or hurdes. 1555Eden Decades 193 It [coco-nut] is inuolued and couered with many webbes much lyke vnto those hyrdes of towe whiche they vse in Andalusia. 1737Bracken Farriery Impr. (1756) I. 292 Wounds..dress'd with Hurds. 1837Whittock, etc. Bk. Trades (1842) 238 Hold the strike of flax stiff in your hand, and break it well upon the coarse hackle, saving the hurds to make harder cloth of.
β1375Barbour Bruce xvii. 612 Pik and ter als haf thai tane, And lynt and hardiss with brynstane. 14..Nom. in Wr.-Wülcker 696/9 Hec stupa, a hardes. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 48 Chyppes, hey, & hardes, whiche be maters apt to burne. 1656W. Coles Art of Simpling 64 A Cokar tree, whose hairy stuff or hards which is next the outer bark doth make cordage and tackle for ships. 1795M. Madan Persius 145 note, The coarse part of flax, tow, hards, oakum to calk ships with. 1818Scott Fam. Lett. 16 Jan. (1894) II. 8 These Regalia..were smuggled out by a clergyman's wife under quantity of hards of lint. a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Hards, coarse flax. |