| 释义 |
haploid, a. (and n.) Biol.|ˈhæplɔɪd|
[a. G. haploid (E. Strasburger 1905, in Jahrb. f. wissensch. Bot. XLII. 62), f. Gr. ἁπλό-ος single: see -ploid.]
Having a single set of unpaired chromosomes, as in a gamete or germ-cell; made up of cells the nuclei of which contain such a set of chromosomes. (Distinguished from diploid, etc.) Also as n., a haploid individual. Hence ˈhaploidy, the state or condition of being haploid.
1908W. H. Lang tr. Strasburger's Text-Bk. Bot. (ed. 3) i. i. 165 The organism with the single number of chromosomes may be termed the haploid, or haploid generation, that with the double number the diploid, or diploid generation. 1914G. N. Calkins Biol. ix. 209 The chromatin of the nucleus collects in a thick fibrous mass on one side of the nucleus (synapsis stage) and from it emerge one-half as many chromosomes as are formed at ordinary vegetative divisions (in modern terminology this is called the haploid number). 1922Amer. Naturalist LVI. 57 There is one striking difference between haploidy for X and haploidy for an autosome. 1925Nature 10 Oct. 537/2 (heading) Haploidy in the male sawfly. 1926T. H. Morgan Theory Gene x. 139 A cell with one set of chromosomes is said to be haploid, and an individual made up of such cells is..called.., by extension, a haploid. 1946Nature 17 Aug. 239/2 Since the basic haploid number of Artemia salina is known to be 21, the present race must be considered as decaploid with a slight augmentation of the number of 105 tetrads. 1957C. P. Swanson Cytol. & Cytogenetics vi. 159 In plants, where haploidy has been more commonly observed as an abnormality than in animals, the haploid individuals can generally be characterized as being smaller than their diploid progenitors. 1968J. A. Serra Mod. Genetics III. xx. 150 The course of meiosis is expected to be different in haploids derived from diploids than it is in haploids derived from polyploids. |