| 释义 |
▪ I. unˈhappy, a.
[un-1 7.]
1. Of persons (or animals): Causing misfortune or trouble (to oneself or others); objectionable or miserable on this account.
To some extent passing into sense 2.
a1300Cursor M. 3637 Ful lath me ware, Þat he þat blissing fra þe bare, Vnhappi wreche has he ben ai. c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xxxvi. (Baptista) 736 For cowaitise a man, vnhappy & wnwyse, dalf vpe his graf be nichtirtale. 1470–85Malory Arthur vii. vii. 221 He is an vnhappy knaue, and vnhappely he hath donne this day thorou myshappe. c1489Caxton Sonnes of Aymon viii. 194 Lete vs goo assaylle thise vnhappy folke of the kynge Charlemagne. c1518Skelton Magnyf. 1374, I haue brought Vnto Magnyfycence a full vngracyous sorte, For all hokes vnhappy to me haue resorte. 1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. i. xix. 22 b, An vnhappie souldier of Prouence..declared vnto the Turkes the weakest places of the castle. 1607G. Wilkins Miseries Enforced Marriage K 1, I am sure they are greater sinners, That made this match, and were vnhappy men, For they caus'd all, and may heauen pardon them. a1614Fletcher Valentinian v. ii, Lici. He is poyson'd... Lyci. Who? Lici. The wretch Aretus, That most unhappy villain. 1624Darcie tr. Du Moulin's Heraclitus vi. 41 There is nothing more hard to find in this world than a good woman, a good Mule, and a good Goat, being three vnhappie beasts. 1770Harris in Priv. Lett. Ld. Malmesbury (1870) I. 192 He was an unhappy sot, and last week shot himself through the head. 1828Scott F.M. Perth x, These unhappy Highland clans are again breaking into general commotion.
†b. Sc. Ill-natured; bad-tempered. Obs.—1
1756M. Calderwood in Coltness Collect. (Maitl. Cl.) 127 Indeed he was so unhappy, (which signifies ill-nature in Scots,) that she durst never ask anything at him he was not pleased to tell her.
2. Of persons: Unfortunate, unlucky, ill-fated; miserable in lot or circumstances. Also, in later use, wretched in mind.
1375Barbour Bruce iii. 291 Bot he the mar be wnhappy, He sall eschew it in party. c1400Destr. Troy 2689 A! nobill Troye, þe noy þat neghis þe at hond!.. A! vnhappy hegh kyng, what hardship is to the! c1440Promp. Parv. 365/2 On-happy, infortunatus, infelix. 1470–85Malory Arthur vi. x. 198 Who that vseth peramours shalle be vnhappy, and all thyng is vnhappy that is aboute hem. 1523Fitzherb. Husb. §144 He is an vnhappy man or woman, that..woll chose the worst parte. 1587Golding De Mornay xvi. 295 The most parte..come to this point, that man is the most vnhappiest of liuing wights. 1600J. Pory tr. Leo's Africa ii. 70 This unhappie king beeing utterly driuen to dispayre,..in the night time road foorth of the citie. 1655Fuller Ch. Hist. iii. vi. §40. 86 Endless it were to reckon up the indignities offered unto these Jews... A people equally unhappy at feasts, and at frays. 1726Swift Gulliver ii. viii, The seamen might conjecture some unhappy mortal to be shut up in the box. 1794Mrs. Radcliffe Myst. Udolpho xxvii, Some unhappy person, who, having been plundered by his banditti, was brought hither a captive. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. iv. I. 432 In the midst of this splendour,..the unhappy woman gave herself up to an agony of grief. 1900Longm. Mag. Mar. 450 He fully agreed that her mother must not be made unhappy.
absol.1647Cowley Mistr., Sleep iv, Thou scorn'st th' Unhappy; and the Happy, Thee. 1762Sterne Tr. Shandy v. i, Pity the unhappy, said a devout, venerable, hoary-headed man. 1839Carlyle Chartism viii, A tear at least is due to the unhappy.
b. Const. in (some respect).
1604Shakes. Oth. iii. iv. 102 Sure, there's some wonder in this Handkerchiefe, I am most vnhappy in the losse of it. 1634Sir T. Herbert Trav. 221 Vnhappiest in this, that their owne Nation forgot them quite. 1711Addison Spect. No. 164 ⁋1 Constantia was..very unhappy in a Father, who..took delight in nothing but his Money. 1770Harris in Priv. Lett. Ld. Malmesbury (1870) I. 201 They have been unhappy in another fire at Wilton.
c. Unsuccessful; apt to make mistakes.
1651Wittie tr. Primrose's Pop. Err. i. 45, I have observed that no man is more unhappy than those physicians, that note their medicines out of books. 1662Stillingfl. Orig. Sacræ i. iii. §9 He is as unhappy a person in Philology, as any that have pretended so much acquaintance with it. 1711Mrs. Long Let. to Swift 18 Nov., That I may clear my meanings, which are always far from offending my friends, however unhappy I may be in my expressions.
d. Of places: Subject to, suffering from, misfortunes or evils.
1591Spenser Ruins Time 146 Seemes, that that gentle Riuer..From my vnhappie neighborhood farre fled. 1667Milton P.L. i. 268 Wherefore..call [we] them not to share with us their part In this unhappy Mansion? 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. ii. 308 And such a country could Acerræ boast, Till Clanius overflowed the unhappy coast. Ibid. iv. 751 Th' unhappy Climes, where Spring was never known. 1846A. Marsh Father Darcy II. iv. 92 You!—have you ventured to our unhappy house? 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. iv. I. 498 The bands which oppressed and wasted these unhappy districts.
3. Of things: Associated with, bringing about or causing, misfortune or mishap; disastrous.
c1386Chaucer Man of Law's T. 204 Infortunat ascendent tortuous,..O fieble Moone, vnhappy been thy paas. 1390Gower Conf. I. 236 Sche tok out thilke unhappi scherte. Ibid. 326 At thilke unhappi freisshe welle. 1420–2Lydg. Thebes i. 821 Of whom the weddyng..Vnhappy was and passing odious, Infortuned and vngracious. 1470–85Malory Arthur ii. xviii. 97 Thenne Balyn smote hym ageyne with that vnhappy swerd. 1523Ld. Berners Froiss. I. cccxl. 216/2 This vnhappy wether for the englisshmen fell well for them in the cyte. 1607Peele's Jests 14 The Gentle⁓man was..disturbed in thought at this unhappy accident. 1652Howell Giraffi's Rev. Naples ii. 142 An unhappy Bullet came and killed one of the principall of the Black⁓coats that was in Arms. 1711Addison Spect. No. 125 ⁋7 It is very unhappy for a Man to be born in such a stormy and tempestuous Season. 1796F. Burney Camilla III. 18, I am shocked to find you informed of this unhappy transaction. 1837Lockhart Scott III. iii. 110 His friend was aware that he had an unhappy propensity to drinking. 1891Farrar Darkn. & Dawn lxiii, An unhappy and accidental collision between the jealous cohorts led to a battle.
b. Inauspicious; foreboding evil.
1533Bellenden Livy i. viii. (S.T.S.) I. 47 Numa schewe in his Calendar sic dayis as wer happy and sic dayis as war unhappy. 1590Spenser F.Q. ii. vi. 44 Death is for wretches borne vnder vnhappie starre. 1638Rawley tr. Bacon's Life & Death (1650) 11 The Black-Bird is reported to be..one of the longest livers: An unhappy Bird, and a good singer. 1814Southey Roderick vi. 90 The spurious race Whom in unhappy hour Favila's wife Brought forth for Spain.
c. Infelicitous; unsuccessful.
1719Swift To Yng. Clergyman Wks. 1755 II. ii. 3 Neither is it rare to observe among excellent..divines a certain un⁓gracious manner, or an unhappy tone of voice. 1779Johnson L.P., Rochester Wks. II. 199 His imitation of Horace on Lucilius is not inelegant or unhappy.
4. Of conditions: Marked by misfortune or mishap; miserable, wretched.
1390Gower Conf. III. 59 Helas, that evere was I bore, That his unhappi destine So wofulli comth in be me! 1484Caxton Fables of æsop ii. viii, In the vnhappy and Infortunat tyme men ought not to be despayred. 1509Hawes Past. Pleas. xvi. (Percy Soc.) 68 Sayeng to him, my chance and desteny Of al other is the moste unhappy. 1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. i. xv. 16 The end of his moste vnhappye life. Ibid. iv. xxvii. 146 Through hunger [he] was..to die an vnhappie death. 1600Breton Pasquil's Madcappe D 3 b, If they be met with in their going home, I can not pitty their vnhappy speede. 1712Blackmore Creation iii. 325 You oft declaim on man's unhappy fate. 1794Mrs. Radcliffe Myst. Udolpho xxx, Her mind deeply impressed with the unhappy fate of this object, she forgot all her faults. 1838F. A. Kemble Resid. in Georgia (1863) 13, I have never been among them to judge what faculties their unhappy social position leaves to them un⁓impaired. 1878Browning La Saisiaz 30 Life thus owned unhappy, is there supplemental happiness..in life to come?
†5. Causing or involving trouble or mischief; objectionable, evil; naughty. Obs.
1474Paston Lett. III. 121 Wherffor I sende yow herwith yowr rynge, and the onhappy muskeball. 1529More Dyaloge iv. Wks. 259/2 Moreouer the vnhappy dedes of yt sect must nedes be imputed to the sect selfe. 1585T. Washington tr. Nicholay's Voy. iii. xvii. 102 They are also full of diuers vnhappy vices. a1618Raleigh Rem. (1664) 110 The world..never gave you but an unhappy welcome—a hurtful entertainment. 1678Cudworth Intell. Syst. 420 It seems to be but like to Womens frighting of Children from doing unhappy tricks.
†b. Unfavourable, poor. Obs.
1765Museum Rust. IV. xxviii. 125 A very proper grass to cultivate on such unhappy soils, where hardly any other grass..will grow at all.
6. Comb., as unhappy-faced, unhappy-happy, unhappy-looking, unhappy-witted adjs.
1591Spenser M. Hubberd 49 For both were craftie and vnhappie witted. a1618Sylvester Funeral Elegie Dr. Hill's Wife 185 (Her first and last) unhappy-happy Boy, Which cost her life. 1863W. C. Baldwin Afr. Hunting ix. 378 An odd unhappy-looking springbuck or two. 1876Geo. Eliot Dan. Der. xxviii, That unhappy-faced woman.
▪ II. † unˈhappy, v. Obs.
[un-2 6 a.]
trans. To make unhappy or unfortunate.
1593Shakes. Rich. II, iii. i. 10 You haue mis-led a Prince,..A happie Gentleman in Blood, and Lineaments, By you vnhappied, and disfigur'd cleane. 1605Sylvester tr. Paradox agst. Libertie 410 In our selues doth rest That which vnhappieth vs, and that which makes vs blest. 1653E. Lloyd Let. 28 July (MS. Ashmole), I admire you..should for any By-end vnhappie your selfe and stepdame your children. |